WO2025258155A1 - Incinérateur, système d'incinération et procédé de commande de combustion - Google Patents

Incinérateur, système d'incinération et procédé de commande de combustion

Info

Publication number
WO2025258155A1
WO2025258155A1 PCT/JP2025/007473 JP2025007473W WO2025258155A1 WO 2025258155 A1 WO2025258155 A1 WO 2025258155A1 JP 2025007473 W JP2025007473 W JP 2025007473W WO 2025258155 A1 WO2025258155 A1 WO 2025258155A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
combustion chamber
supply unit
gas
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/JP2025/007473
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
杉江由規
太田琢磨
三島俊一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metawater Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Metawater Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metawater Co Ltd filed Critical Metawater Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025258155A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025258155A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to an incinerator, an incineration system, and a combustion control method.
  • an incineration system that incinerates materials to be incinerated
  • the thermal energy of the exhaust gas emitted from the incinerator is recovered, for example, by using a heat transfer medium.
  • the incineration system then uses the recovered thermal energy for other purposes, such as heating the air used to incinerate the materials to be incinerated (hereinafter also referred to as combustion air) (see Patent Document 1).
  • harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (e.g., N2O ) and organic fluorine compounds (e.g., PFOS and PFOA) that are emitted during the combustion of the materials to be combusted.
  • harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (e.g., N2O ) and organic fluorine compounds (e.g., PFOS and PFOA) that are emitted during the combustion of the materials to be combusted.
  • the incinerator disclosed herein comprises a first combustion chamber that combusts gas generated by the thermal decomposition of materials to be incinerated and recovers the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the gas, and a second combustion chamber that combusts the gas supplied from the first combustion chamber, the first combustion chamber having a first supply unit capable of supplying combustion air to the first combustion chamber, and the second combustion chamber having a second supply unit capable of supplying the combustion air to the second combustion chamber.
  • the incinerator, incineration system, and combustion control method disclosed herein make it possible to reduce the amount of harmful substances emitted during the combustion of materials to be combusted.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating combustion control in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of combustion control in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of combustion control in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of combustion control in the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. Note that the positions, lengths, and numbers of lines (pipes) shown below are merely examples and are not limited to these. In addition, the following description will be given of a case where the material to be incinerated is sewage sludge (hereinafter simply referred to as sludge).
  • sludge sewage sludge
  • the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a post-combustion furnace 2 (hereinafter also referred to simply as incinerator 2), and heat utilization equipment 3.
  • the incineration system 100 also includes, for example, a blower B1, a blower B11, a blower B12, and a pump P.
  • blower B1, blower B11, and blower B12 is a device that has the function of blowing air, such as a fan or a blower. Furthermore, at least two of blower B1, blower B11, and blower B12 may be, for example, a single blower.
  • the incinerator 1 is, for example, a furnace (gasification furnace or carbonization furnace) that generates pyrolysis gas G1 (hereinafter simply referred to as gas G1) by incinerating and pyrolyzing sludge (dehydrated cake) supplied via line L11.
  • Line L11 is, for example, a pipe connecting the incinerator 1 with upstream equipment (e.g., a sludge dryer).
  • the incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized bed incinerator, and has a so-called fluidized bed 1a.
  • the pyrolysis gas G1 is then supplied to the post-combustion furnace 2 via line L1.
  • Line L1 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the incinerator 1 with the inlet side of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • the incinerator 1 is a fluidized bed incinerator, but this is not limited to this.
  • the incinerator 1 may be, for example, various types of incinerators other than a fluidized bed incinerator.
  • the blower B1 supplies combustion air to the incinerator 1, for example, via line L21.
  • Line L21 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the blower B1 with the inlet side of the incinerator 1 for combustion air.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 is, for example, a downstream facility of the incinerator 1, and is a furnace that combusts the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1. Specifically, the post-combustion furnace 2 generates exhaust gas G2 by, for example, completely combusting the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1. The exhaust gas G2 is then supplied to downstream equipment (not shown) of the post-combustion furnace 2, for example, via line L2.
  • Line L2 is, for example, a pipe that connects the exhaust gas G2 outlet side of the post-combustion furnace 2 with the exhaust gas G2 inlet side of the downstream equipment of the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • the downstream equipment of the post-combustion furnace 2 may be, for example, a heat exchanger (not shown) that recovers the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas G2, a white smoke prevention air preheater (not shown) that generates heated air (white smoke prevention air) that prevents water vapor contained in the exhaust gas G2 from appearing as white smoke, a dust collector (not shown) that collects impurities from the exhaust gas G2, or a smoke washing treatment tower (not shown) that removes components such as SOx from the exhaust gas.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 has, for example, a first combustion chamber 21 and a second combustion chamber 22 that communicates with the first combustion chamber 21 internally.
  • the first combustion chamber 21 for example, combusts at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 and recovers the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1.
  • the pyrolysis gas G1 that is not combusted in the first combustion chamber 21 and the exhaust gas G2 generated in the first combustion chamber 21 are supplied to the second combustion chamber 22, for example, by descending within the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the blower B11 supplies combustion air to the first combustion chamber 21, for example, via line L31.
  • Line L31 is, for example, one or more pipes that connect the combustion air outlet side of the blower B11 with the combustion air inlet side of the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the first combustion chamber 21 combusts at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1, for example, by using combustion air supplied from the blower B11.
  • the second combustion chamber 22 for example, completely combusts the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the first combustion chamber 21 (the pyrolysis gas G1 that was not combusted in the first combustion chamber 21).
  • the exhaust gas G2 generated in the second combustion chamber 22 is then supplied to downstream equipment in the post-combustion furnace 2, for example, via line L2.
  • the blower B12 supplies combustion air to the second combustion chamber 22, for example, via line L32.
  • Line L32 is, for example, one or more pipes that connect the combustion air outlet side of the blower B12 with the combustion air inlet side of the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the second combustion chamber 22 completely combusts the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the first combustion chamber 21 (the pyrolysis gas G1 that was not combusted in the first combustion chamber 21) by using, for example, combustion air supplied from the blower B12.
  • the first combustion chamber 21 may, for example, generate exhaust gas G2 by completely combusting the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1.
  • the exhaust gas G2 generated in the first combustion chamber 21 may, for example, be supplied to downstream equipment in the post-combustion furnace 2 via the second combustion chamber 22.
  • heat transfer tubes 2a through which a heat medium H flows, are installed on the wall surface (inner wall) of the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the heat transfer tubes 2a raise the temperature of the heat medium H, for example, by recovering the thermal energy of the pyrolysis gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) combusting within the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the heat transfer tubes 2a function as a heat exchanger that recovers the thermal energy of the pyrolysis gas G1 (exhaust gas G2), for example.
  • the heat transfer tube 2a is, for example, a tube (e.g., a single tube) that is continuously arranged along the wall surface of the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the heat transfer tube 2a raises the temperature of the heat transfer medium H by, for example, using the thermal energy of the pyrolysis gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) by, for example, causing the heat transfer medium H supplied from outside the first combustion chamber 21 to flow along the wall surface of the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the heat transfer tube 2a then supplies the heat transfer medium H, which has been heated by the thermal energy, to the outside of the first combustion chamber 21.
  • line L31 may, for example, communicate with an area (hereinafter simply referred to as the area) on the wall surface of first combustion chamber 21 where heat transfer tubes 2a are provided.
  • the combustion air supplied from blower B11 may be supplied into first combustion chamber 21 via, for example, the area on the wall surface of first combustion chamber 21 where heat transfer tubes 2a are provided.
  • first combustion chamber 21 and the second combustion chamber 22 are each located within a single housing (post-combustion furnace 2), but this is not limited to this.
  • first combustion chamber 21 and the second combustion chamber 22 may each be located within separate housings (not shown), for example.
  • the pyrolysis gas G1 discharged from the first combustion chamber 21 may be supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 via a line (not shown) connecting the housing in which the first combustion chamber 21 is located and the housing in which the second combustion chamber 22 is located, for example.
  • the pump P is, for example, a pump provided on at least one of the lines L41 and L42.
  • the line L41 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the heat medium H in the heat utilization equipment 3 with the inlet side of the heat medium H in the first combustion chamber 21 (heat transfer tube 2a).
  • the line L42 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the heat medium H in the first combustion chamber 21 (heat transfer tube 2a) with the inlet side of the heat medium H in the heat utilization equipment 3.
  • the pump P circulates the heat medium H between the post-combustion furnace 2 and the heat utilization equipment 3 via the lines L41 and L42, for example, when the valve V21 provided on either the line L41 or the line L42 is open.
  • the pump P supplies the heat medium H, which has been heated in the first combustion chamber 21 (heat transfer tube 2a), to the heat utilization equipment 3.
  • the pump P supplies the heat transfer medium H, which has been cooled in the heat utilization equipment 3, to the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the heat utilization equipment 3 is, for example, equipment that utilizes the thermal energy recovered in the post-combustion furnace 2 (first combustion chamber 21).
  • the heat utilization equipment 3 is, for example, a heat exchanger that uses the thermal energy of the heat medium H supplied by the pump P to heat the combustion air supplied from the blower B1 (combustion air supplied to the incinerator 1).
  • the heat utilization equipment 3 is also, for example, a heat exchanger that uses the thermal energy of the heat medium H supplied by the pump P to keep the sludge warm in the digester tank (not shown), which is the upstream equipment of the incinerator 1.
  • the heat utilization equipment 3 is also, for example, a power generation system that generates power by using the thermal energy of the heat medium H supplied by the pump P.
  • the heat utilization equipment 3 is also, for example, a drying system that dries sludge by using the thermal energy of the heat medium H supplied by the pump P.
  • the incineration system 100 has, for example, a thermometer M that measures the combustion temperature in the post-combustion furnace 2 (combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1).
  • the incineration system 100 has a control device 10 that controls, for example, the amount of combustion air supplied to the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • the thermometer M is provided, for example, inside the second combustion chamber 22 and measures the temperature inside the second combustion chamber 22. Specifically, the thermometer M measures, for example, the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the control device 10 is, for example, an electronic device having an electronic circuit. Specifically, the control device 10 is, for example, one or more physical machines or one or more virtual machines having a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and memory.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the control device 10 performs, for example, control of the amount of air sent from the blower B11 to the first combustion chamber 21, control of the opening and closing of the valve V11 provided on line L31, control of the amount of air sent from the blower B12 to the second combustion chamber 22, and control of the opening and closing of the valve V12 provided on line L32 (hereinafter, these controls will be collectively referred to as combustion control).
  • combustion control the blower B11, valve V11, and line L31 will also be collectively referred to as the first supply unit 4.
  • the first supply unit 4 is a mechanism capable of supplying combustion air to, for example, the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the blower B12, valve V12, and line L32 will also be collectively referred to as the second supply unit 5.
  • the second supply unit 5 is a mechanism capable of supplying combustion air to, for example, the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the control device 10 controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 to increase the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and to decrease the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the threshold is, for example, a temperature required for complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 and a temperature required for decomposition (reduction) of at least one of N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1.
  • the threshold may be, for example, a temperature required for complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 and a temperature required for decomposition (reduction) of each of N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1.
  • the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, it means, for example, when the amount of pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 to the post-combustion furnace 2 is sufficient, and when it is possible to maintain the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21 at a temperature at which both complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 and decomposition of N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA are performed, even when thermal energy is recovered in the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the control device 10 in this embodiment controls, for example, by increasing the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 while decreasing the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22, so that more of the pyrolysis gas G1 is combusted in the first combustion chamber 21, where thermal energy is recovered.
  • the control device 10 in this embodiment controls, for example, so that more complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 is performed in the first combustion chamber 21, where thermal energy is recovered.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 of this embodiment for example, thermal energy is recovered in the first combustion chamber 21, but thermal energy is not recovered in the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the exhaust gas G2 after thermal energy recovery in the first combustion chamber 21 is discharged from the post-combustion furnace 2 via line L2, for example, without further thermal energy recovery. Therefore, the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the first combustion chamber 21 to the second combustion chamber 22 is maintained, for example, until it is discharged from the post-combustion furnace 2 via line L2.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 of this embodiment it is possible not only to completely combust the pyrolysis gas G1, but also to sufficiently decompose the N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1, and it is possible to suppress the amounts of N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA emitted from the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22 is below the threshold value, it means, for example, when it is possible to determine that the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21 is also likely to be below the threshold value.
  • control device 10 in this embodiment is able to completely combust the pyrolysis gas G1 even when, for example, the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21 is insufficient.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 of this embodiment makes it possible to retain the flue gas G2 maintained at a temperature at which N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA can be decomposed in the space between the position in the second combustion chamber 22 where complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 is performed and the position where the flue gas G2 is discharged (the position of line L2).
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 of this embodiment even if the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21 is not sufficient, it is possible to promote the decomposition of N2O , PFOS, and PFOA generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1, and it is possible to suppress the amount of N2O , PFOS, and PFOA emitted from the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • control device 10 may adjust the amount so that the sum of the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 remains constant.
  • the sum of the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 may be adjusted, for example, according to the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas G2 discharged from the post-combustion furnace 2 via line L2.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10.
  • control device 10 is a computer device having, for example, a processor CPU 101, memory 102, a communication device 103, and a storage medium 104. Each component is connected to each other, for example, via a bus 105.
  • the storage medium 104 has, for example, a program storage area (not shown) that stores a program 110 for performing combustion control.
  • the storage medium 104 also has, for example, an information storage area 130 that stores information used when performing combustion control.
  • the storage medium 104 may be, for example, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive).
  • the CPU 101 performs combustion control, for example, by executing a program 110 loaded from the storage medium 104 into the memory 102.
  • the communication device 103 accesses, for example, an operation terminal (not shown) through which the administrator of the incineration system 100 inputs necessary information via a network (not shown) such as the Internet.
  • the control device 10 may include, for example, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Combustion control may be performed, for example, by the FPGA or ASIC.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the incineration system 100 has one control device 10, but this is not limited to this.
  • the incineration system 100 may have, for example, multiple control devices 10.
  • combustion control may be performed in a distributed manner across the multiple control devices 10, for example.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating combustion control in the first embodiment. Note that the following description will be given assuming that valves V11 and V12 are open as an initial state. Also, the following description will be given assuming that blowers B11 and B12 are activated and that the supply of combustion air from blower B11 to the first combustion chamber 21 and the supply of combustion air from blower B12 to the second combustion chamber 22 have started as an initial state.
  • the control device 10 waits, for example, until the first timing occurs.
  • the first timing may be a regular timing, such as every minute.
  • the control device 10 identifies the combustion state in the post-combustion furnace 2 (second combustion chamber 22) as shown in FIG. 4 (step S11 in FIG. 4).
  • the combustion state in the post-combustion furnace 2 (second combustion chamber 22) is, for example, the combustion temperature in the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the control device 10 determines, for example, whether the combustion state identified in step S11 satisfies a predetermined condition (hereinafter also referred to as the first condition) (step S12 in FIG. 4).
  • the first condition is, for example, that the combustion temperature in the second combustion chamber 22 is equal to or higher than a threshold value (hereinafter also referred to as the first threshold value), or that the combustion temperature in the second combustion chamber 22 is lower than a threshold value (hereinafter also referred to as the second threshold value) that is equal to or lower than the first threshold value.
  • the second threshold value may, for example, be the same as the first threshold value.
  • control device 10 acquires the combustion temperature (combustion temperature inside the second combustion chamber 22) measured by, for example, a thermometer M, and determines whether the acquired combustion temperature satisfies the first condition.
  • control device 10 controls, for example, the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 (step S13 of FIG. 4).
  • control device 10 determines that the combustion temperature measured by the thermometer M is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, it controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 so as to increase the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and decrease the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 controls, for example, to increase the frequency of an inverter (not shown) attached to the motor (not shown) of the blower B11 or to increase the opening of the valve V11 so as to increase the amount of combustion air blown from the blower B11 to the first combustion chamber 21, and controls to decrease the frequency of the inverter attached to the motor of the blower B12 or to decrease the opening of the valve V12 so as to decrease the amount of combustion air blown from the blower B12 to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 not only completely combusts the pyrolysis gas G1 but also controls the amount of recovered thermal energy by, for example, controlling the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 to be more intense in the first combustion chamber 21 where thermal energy is recovered.
  • control device 10 may control valve V11 to increase the opening so as to increase the amount of combustion air blown from the blower to the first combustion chamber 21, and may control valve V12 to decrease the opening so as to decrease the amount of combustion air blown from the blower to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 determines that the combustion temperature measured by the thermometer M is below the second threshold value, it controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 so as to reduce the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and increase the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 controls, for example, to reduce the frequency of the inverter attached to the motor of the blower B11 or to reduce the opening of the valve V11 so as to reduce the amount of combustion air blown from the blower B11 to the first combustion chamber 21, and also controls to increase the frequency of the inverter attached to the motor of the blower B12 or to increase the opening of the valve V12 so as to increase the amount of combustion air blown from the blower B12 to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 controls the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22, where thermal energy is not recovered, to be equal to or higher than the first threshold value, and controls the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22 to be more intense, thereby suppressing the amount of thermal energy recovered and ensuring continuous complete combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1.
  • control device 10 may control valve V11 to reduce the opening so that the amount of combustion air blown from the blower to the first combustion chamber 21 decreases, and may control valve V12 to increase the opening so that the amount of combustion air blown from the blower to the second combustion chamber 22 increases.
  • control device 10 may, for example, not perform step S13.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams for explaining a specific example of combustion control in the first embodiment.
  • thermometer M1 is a thermometer that is provided, for example, at a position higher (on the Z1 side) than the installation position of line L32 that supplies combustion air to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • thermometer M2 is a thermometer that is provided, for example, at a position lower (on the Z2 side) than the installation position of line L32 that supplies combustion air to the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 controls first supply unit 4 and second supply unit 5 so that the amount of combustion air supplied from line L31 to first combustion chamber 21 increases and the amount of combustion air supplied from line L32 to second combustion chamber 22 decreases.
  • thermometer M1 is a thermometer that measures the temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 before combustion with combustion air supplied via the line L32, for example. Therefore, it is possible to determine that the combustion temperature measured by the thermometer M1 is, for example, a temperature lower than the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 21 but close to the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 21.
  • control device 10 determines that the combustion temperature measured by the thermometer M1 is equal to or higher than a threshold value, it determines that a high-temperature field (hereinafter simply referred to as a high-temperature field) capable of completely combusting the pyrolysis gas G1 and decomposing N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA is occurring in the first combustion chamber 21, and controls the supply of combustion air to the first combustion chamber 21 to increase and the supply of combustion air to the second combustion chamber 22 to decrease.
  • a high-temperature field hereinafter simply referred to as a high-temperature field
  • the control device 10 controls the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 from line L31 to increase, and controls the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 from line L32 to decrease.
  • the control device 10 controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 so that the amount of combustion air supplied from line L31 to the first combustion chamber 21 decreases and the amount of combustion air supplied from line L32 to the second combustion chamber 22 increases.
  • thermometer M2 is a thermometer that measures the temperature of pyrolysis gas G1 being combusted with combustion air supplied via line L32, for example. Therefore, if the control device 10 determines that the combustion temperatures measured by thermometer M1 and thermometer M2 are below a threshold, it determines that no high-temperature fields exist in either the first combustion chamber 21 or the second combustion chamber 22, and performs control so that the combustion temperature of pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22, where heat recovery is not performed, is above the threshold.
  • the control device 10 controls the amount of combustion air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 from line L31 to decrease, and controls the amount of combustion air supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 from line L32 to increase, so that a high-temperature field HT occurs in the second combustion chamber 22, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 in this embodiment includes, for example, a first combustion chamber 21 that combusts pyrolysis gas G1 generated during the thermal decomposition of sludge and recovers thermal energy generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1, and a second combustion chamber 22 that combusts the pyrolysis gas G1 supplied from the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the first combustion chamber 21 has, for example, a first supply unit 4 that can supply combustion air into the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the second combustion chamber 22 has, for example, a second supply unit 5 that can supply combustion air into the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the first combustion chamber 21 communicates internally with the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the inner wall of the first combustion chamber 21 is provided with, for example, a heat transfer tube 2a that recovers thermal energy generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21.
  • the inner wall of the second combustion chamber 22 is not provided with, for example, a heat transfer tube that recovers thermal energy generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22.
  • the incineration system 100 includes, in addition to the post-combustion furnace 2, a control device 10 that controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 according to the combustion state of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22.
  • control device 10 controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 so that the amount of combustion air supplied by the second supply unit 5 increases, for example, when the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22 is below a threshold value.
  • control device 10 controls the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 5 so as to increase the amount of combustion air supplied by the second supply unit 5, for example, when the combustion temperature at a position in the second combustion chamber 22 before combustion air is supplied and the combustion temperature at a position in the second combustion chamber 22 after combustion air is supplied are both below a threshold value.
  • control device 10 in this embodiment can, for example, completely combust the pyrolysis gas G1 while also fully recovering thermal energy when the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the second combustion chamber 22 is sufficient.
  • control device 10 in this embodiment is capable of completely combusting the pyrolysis gas G1 even when, for example, the combustion temperature of the pyrolysis gas G1 in the first combustion chamber 21 is insufficient.
  • the post-combustion furnace 2 in this embodiment can promote the decomposition of, for example, N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA generated during the combustion of the pyrolysis gas G1, thereby making it possible to suppress the amount of N 2 O, PFOS, and PFOA emitted from the post-combustion furnace 2.
  • Incinerator 2 Post-combustion furnace 2a: Heat transfer tube 3: Heat utilization equipment 4: First supply unit 5: Second supply unit 10: Control device 21: First combustion chamber 22: Second combustion chamber 100: Incinerator system 101: CPU 102: Memory 103: Communication device 104: Storage medium 105: Bus 110: Program 130: Information storage area B1: Blower B11: Blower B12: Blower G1: Pyrolysis gas G2: Exhaust gas H: Heat medium L1: Line L2: Line L11: Line L21: Line L31: Line L32: Line L41: Line L42: Line M: Thermometer M1: Thermometer M2: Thermometer P: Pump V11: Valve V12: Valve V21: Valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention comprend : une première chambre de combustion dans laquelle des gaz générés par la décomposition thermique d'objets incinérés sont brûlés, et l'énergie thermique générée par la combustion des gaz est récupérée; et une seconde chambre de combustion dans laquelle des gaz fournis par la première chambre de combustion sont brûlés. La première chambre de combustion comporte une première partie d'alimentation apte à fournir de l'air de combustion à l'intérieur de la première chambre de combustion, et la seconde chambre de combustion comporte une seconde partie d'alimentation apte à fournir de l'air de combustion à l'intérieur de la seconde chambre de combustion.
PCT/JP2025/007473 2024-06-10 2025-03-03 Incinérateur, système d'incinération et procédé de commande de combustion Pending WO2025258155A1 (fr)

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JP2024093820 2024-06-10

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01277107A (ja) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-07 Kobe Steel Ltd 流動床式焼却炉の燃焼制御方法および装置
JPH116612A (ja) * 1997-06-16 1999-01-12 Obihiro Kosei Kigyo Kumiai フロンの分解処理システム
JP2916262B2 (ja) * 1991-09-02 1999-07-05 日本ファーネス工業株式会社 ボイラ
CN2811769Y (zh) * 2005-06-22 2006-08-30 刘玉山 一种固体废物热解气化焚烧炉
JP2016008761A (ja) * 2014-06-24 2016-01-18 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 汚泥の燃焼方法および汚泥用の燃焼炉
JP2017215124A (ja) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-07 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 廃棄物焼却装置、廃棄物焼却方法、焼却灰処理装置及び焼却灰処理方法
JP2020056549A (ja) * 2018-10-03 2020-04-09 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 焼却炉
CN112432180A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-02 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 一种分类干垃圾热解分级燃烧方法和系统

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01277107A (ja) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-07 Kobe Steel Ltd 流動床式焼却炉の燃焼制御方法および装置
JP2916262B2 (ja) * 1991-09-02 1999-07-05 日本ファーネス工業株式会社 ボイラ
JPH116612A (ja) * 1997-06-16 1999-01-12 Obihiro Kosei Kigyo Kumiai フロンの分解処理システム
CN2811769Y (zh) * 2005-06-22 2006-08-30 刘玉山 一种固体废物热解气化焚烧炉
JP2016008761A (ja) * 2014-06-24 2016-01-18 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 汚泥の燃焼方法および汚泥用の燃焼炉
JP2017215124A (ja) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-07 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 廃棄物焼却装置、廃棄物焼却方法、焼却灰処理装置及び焼却灰処理方法
JP2020056549A (ja) * 2018-10-03 2020-04-09 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 焼却炉
CN112432180A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-02 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 一种分类干垃圾热解分级燃烧方法和系统

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