WO2026010331A1 - Procédé et appareil de détection d'opération de transmission de signal à l'aide de différentes ressources spectrales dans une technologie d'intégration de détection et de communication - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de détection d'opération de transmission de signal à l'aide de différentes ressources spectrales dans une technologie d'intégration de détection et de communication

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Publication number
WO2026010331A1
WO2026010331A1 PCT/KR2025/009349 KR2025009349W WO2026010331A1 WO 2026010331 A1 WO2026010331 A1 WO 2026010331A1 KR 2025009349 W KR2025009349 W KR 2025009349W WO 2026010331 A1 WO2026010331 A1 WO 2026010331A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing
frequency band
sensing signal
information related
signal
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
PCT/KR2025/009349
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박기원
고우석
이승민
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Publication of WO2026010331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026010331A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0457—Variable allocation of band or rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/25—Control channels or signalling for resource management between terminals via a wireless link, e.g. sidelink
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.
  • 5G NR the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability.
  • 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.
  • the 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities.
  • the vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.
  • a method of performing sensing by a first device may include: transmitting, by the first device, a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; obtaining, by the first device, information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmitting, by the first device, a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a first device configured to perform sensing.
  • the first device comprises at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a processing device configured to control a first device.
  • the processing device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having recorded thereon commands is provided.
  • the commands when executed, cause a first device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between RCS, distance (D), and power according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the main sensing modes of ISAC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a method of performing sensing through sensing signal transmission according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates different frequency bands used for sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a or B can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.”
  • a or B in this disclosure can be interpreted as “A and/or B.”
  • A, B or C in this disclosure can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or "any combination of A, B and C.”
  • a slash (/) or a comma may mean “and/or.”
  • A/B may mean “A and/or B.”
  • A/B may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.”
  • A, B, C may mean “A, B, or C.”
  • “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”
  • “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”
  • parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean “for example.” Specifically, when indicated as “control information (PDCCH)”, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “control information.” In other words, “control information” in the present disclosure is not limited to “PDCCH,” and “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of "control information.” Furthermore, even when indicated as “control information (i.e., PDCCH)", “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of "control information.”
  • higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined.
  • a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal.
  • the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC medium access control
  • setting or defining may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or a network.
  • predefined signaling e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC
  • setting or defining may be interpreted as being preset to a device.
  • setting or defining may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device.
  • predefined signaling e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.
  • a user equipment may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.
  • a base station may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell/node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.
  • RAN radio access network
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • IAB integrated access and backhaul
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000.
  • TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications)/GPRS (general packet radio service)/EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution).
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • EDGE enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
  • OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • IEEE 802-20 E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.
  • E-UTRA evolved UTRA
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G NR 5G NR
  • 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
  • mMTC massive machine-type communication
  • AI artificial intelligence integrated communication
  • tactile internet high throughput
  • high network capacity high energy efficiency
  • low backhaul and access network congestion and enhanced data security.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a first device and a second device can perform synchronization.
  • the first device can be a terminal and/or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure.
  • the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node/cell, a TRP, a terminal and/or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure.
  • the first device can perform an initial cell search operation.
  • the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule.
  • the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.).
  • the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and/or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).
  • the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device.
  • the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and/or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service.
  • the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc.
  • the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB).
  • MIB master information block
  • SIB system information block
  • the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information.
  • the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.
  • the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure.
  • the first device can transmit and/or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.).
  • system information e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.
  • the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and/or connection establishment.
  • Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and/or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).
  • the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information.
  • the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical
  • the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and/or signaling for indicating allocated resources.
  • the control information may be signaled/transmitted via a control channel.
  • the control information and/or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and/or control information on the data channel.
  • the first device and the second device may transmit and/or receive data.
  • the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and/or receive data based on signaling of control information.
  • the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and/or resource mapping on the information bits.
  • the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and/or channel decoding.
  • the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc.
  • a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel
  • an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device.
  • the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication
  • (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication
  • (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication
  • (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.
  • the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels.
  • the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel.
  • data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel.
  • transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface.
  • data can be transmitted between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device) through a physical channel.
  • the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels.
  • the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels.
  • the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel.
  • the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.
  • the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs).
  • SDUs RLC service data units
  • the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM).
  • TM transparent mode
  • UM unacknowledged mode
  • AM acknowledged mode
  • AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).
  • ARQ automatic repeat request
  • the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane.
  • the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers.
  • an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.
  • a first layer e.g., a physical layer
  • a second layer e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.
  • the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering.
  • the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering/integrity protection.
  • establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each.
  • RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs).
  • SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane
  • DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.
  • a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and/or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • SCH downlink shared channel
  • traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
  • MCH downlink multicast channel
  • an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and/or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.
  • RACH random access channel
  • SCH uplink shared channel
  • a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and/or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).
  • BCCH broadcast control channel
  • PCCH paging control channel
  • CCCH common control channel
  • MCCH multicast control channel
  • MTCH multicast traffic channel
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and/or device-to-device transmission.
  • a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF).
  • a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF).
  • SF subframes
  • a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS).
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • each slot can contain 14 symbols.
  • each slot can contain 12 symbols.
  • the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).
  • Table 2 illustrates the number of symbols per slot (N slot symb ), the number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ), and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used.
  • OFDM(A) numerologies may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., a subframe, a slot, or a transmit time interval (TTI)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells.
  • time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.
  • multiple numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various services.
  • the SCS when the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands may be supported, and when the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. For example, if the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology.
  • a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.
  • CRBs common resource blocks
  • the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP.
  • the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)).
  • the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure.
  • SIB system information block
  • the default BWP can be set by a higher layer.
  • the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a common resource block may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP.
  • point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • FSO free-space optical transmission
  • massive MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • WIET wireless information and energy transfer
  • integration of sensing and communication integration of access backhaul networks
  • holographic beamforming big data analysis
  • big data analysis big data analysis
  • large intelligent surface LIS
  • AI Artificial Intelligence
  • AI can streamline and improve real-time data transmission.
  • AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI.
  • AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications.
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • BCIs brain-computer interfaces
  • AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.
  • THz waves also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm.
  • the 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications.
  • 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band.
  • FSO backhaul network Free-space optical transmission backhaul network
  • AAM Advanced Air Mobility
  • UAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS).
  • AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • V2I vehicle to infrastructure
  • NTN Non-terrestrial network
  • RF radio frequency
  • Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and/or objects within the environment.
  • RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments.
  • a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal.
  • a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and/or intensity of the propagating signal.
  • power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas.
  • a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs).
  • HAPS high-altitude platform stations
  • IMT international mobile telecommunications
  • BS base stations
  • AAMs terminals capable of aerial communication
  • devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays.
  • an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and/or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.
  • a terminal can obtain information about the environment and/or the characteristics of objects within the environment by using radio frequency sensing to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object. Since radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device.
  • the ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition.
  • Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications that provide, for example, intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and traffic management, and more.
  • wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing.
  • the operation of wireless sensing services e.g., sensing operations, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing offers an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communications network to a wireless communication and sensing network.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 8 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • (a) of FIG. 8 illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing)
  • (b) of FIG. 8 illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).
  • a sensing transmitter can transmit a sensing signal for sensing one or more objects (and/or an environment around the objects).
  • the sensing signal can be a radio (frequency) signal defined to be transmittable by a base station/terminal.
  • a sensing receiver can receive a signal scattered/reflected by one or more objects (and/or an environment around the objects) from a sensing signal transmitted from the sensing transmitter.
  • sensing data can be derived from the scattered/reflected signal, and a sensing result can be generated/obtained through processing the sensing data.
  • the sensing result can include characteristic information (e.g., position, distance, speed, angle, etc.) about one or more objects (and/or an environment around the objects).
  • characteristic information e.g., position, distance, speed, angle, etc.
  • the sensing results generated/obtained in this way may be utilized for wireless sensing services (e.g., detection, tracking, etc. of objects and/or environments) or provided/disclosed to a trusted third party.
  • a sensing transmitter may be a base station or terminal that transmits a sensing signal to be used for a sensing service to operate, and the sensing transmitter may be located in the same or different base station or terminal as a sensing receiver.
  • a sensing receiver may be a base station or terminal that receives a sensing signal to be used for a sensing service to operate, and the sensing receiver may be located in the same or different base station or terminal as a sensing transmitter.
  • a sensing target may be an object to be detected by deriving characteristics of an object in the environment from a sensing signal.
  • a background environment may be a background that is not a sensing target (e.g., clutter, environmental objects, etc.).
  • an environment object may be an object whose location is known other than a sensing target.
  • monostatic sensing may be sensing in which a sensing transmitter and a sensing receiver coexist in the same base station or terminal.
  • bistatic sensing may be sensing in which the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are located in different base stations or terminals.
  • multistatic sensing may be sensing in which there are multiple sensing transmitters and/or multiple sensing receivers for a (single) sensing target.
  • monostatic sensing, bistatic sensing, and/or multistatic sensing may be distinguished based on the angle between the sensing transmitter, the sensing target, and the sensing receiver.
  • the terminal may transmit a sensing signal on a wireless interface that may be used for sensing purposes.
  • the terminal may transmit sensing signals over a 3GPP wireless interface that may be used for sensing purposes.
  • the common framework of the ISAC channel model can be composed of target channel components and background channel components. For example, this can be obtained based on mathematical equation 1.
  • the target channel H target may include all [multipath] components affected by the sensing target.
  • the background channel H Background may include other [multipath] components that do not belong to the target channel.
  • radar cross-section may be a measure of how well a radar sensor can detect a target. Therefore, it is often referred to as an electromagnetic characteristic of the target. For example, a larger RCS may indicate that the target is more easily detectable.
  • power may be transmitted toward the target, and the target may reflect some of the power back to the receiver.
  • the received power may be based on the RCS of the target, among other factors.
  • the received power may be proportional to the RCS.
  • the RCS of a target may be based on at least one of the frequency of the radar signal, the target material, the target shape, the target size, the direction of the incident and reflected waves relative to the target, the target movement, and/or the target illumination.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between RCS, range (D), and power according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the RCS of a radar target may be a virtual area required to intercept the power density transmitted from the target.
  • the relevant radar mathematical formula may be defined as in Equation 2.
  • P TX can be the transmitter power [W]
  • G TX can be the gain of the transmitting antenna [dimensionless]
  • D can be the distance between the equipment under test (EUT) and the target [m]
  • RCS can be the radar cross section [m 2 ]
  • P RX can be the power received back by the EUT from the object [W]
  • a eff can be the effective area of the receiving antenna [m 2 ].
  • a eff can be obtained based on Equation 3.
  • G RX can be the gain of the receiving antenna [dimensionless]
  • ⁇ can be the wavelength of the radio signal [m]
  • ⁇ c/f
  • c can be the speed of light 299792458 [m/s]
  • f can be the frequency [Hz].
  • Equation 4 the relevant radar equation can be defined as Equation 4.
  • P TX can be the transmitter power [W]
  • G can be the gain of the transmitting antenna [dimensionless]
  • D can be the distance between the equipment under test (EUT) and the target [m]
  • RCS can be the radar cross section [m 2 ]
  • P RX can be the power received back by the EUT from the object [W].
  • PRS Physical Uplink Reference Signal
  • SL (sidelink) positioning where the procedure is triggered by the UE.
  • SL positioning triggered by base station/LMF SL positioning where the procedure is triggered by base station/LMF.
  • SL positioning where the SL positioning group is created by the UE.
  • SL positioning where the SL positioning group is generated by the base station.
  • SL positioning where the UE location is calculated by the UE.
  • SL positioning where the UE position is calculated by the base station/LMF.
  • SL positioning group UEs participating in SL positioning
  • - S-UE (Server UE): UE that assists T-UE's positioning
  • Inter-UE coordination A message received by a TX UE from other UEs, including a RX UE, that includes information about a set of resources suitable for transmission by the TX UE to the RX UE (preferred resources) and/or information about a set of resources not suitable for transmission (non-preferred resources).
  • BS-BS sensing may mean sensing in which BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS.
  • BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, this may mean a BS-BS bi-static sensing operation.
  • BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, this may mean a BS-BS mono-static sensing operation.
  • the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission and reception point
  • BS#1 and/or BS#2 are one or more BSs, this may mean a BS-BS multi-static sensing operation.
  • BS-UE sensing may refer to sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS.
  • the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission and reception point
  • the BS and/or the UE are one or more BSs and/or one or more UEs, it may refer to a BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.
  • UE-BS sensing may refer to sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS.
  • the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission and reception point
  • the BS and/or the UE are one or more BSs and/or one or more UEs, it may refer to a UE-BS multi-static sensing operation.
  • UE-UE sensing may mean sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS.
  • UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, this may mean a UE-UE bi-static sensing operation.
  • UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, this may mean a UE-UE mono-static sensing operation.
  • the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission and reception point
  • UE#1 and/or UE#2 are one or more UEs, this may mean a UE-UE multi-static sensing operation.
  • UE-based the way a UE calculates its own location can be called “UE-based.”
  • a Transmission Point may be a geographically co-located set of transmit antennas (e.g., an antenna array (including one or more antenna elements)) for a cell, a portion of a cell, or a downlink PRS-dedicated transmission point.
  • a transmission point may include base station (ng-eNB or gNB) antennas, a remote radio head, a remote antenna of a base station, an antenna of a downlink PRS-dedicated transmission point, etc.
  • a cell may include one or more transmission points. For example, in a homogeneous deployment, each transmission point may correspond to one cell.
  • a Reception Point may be a geographically co-located set of receiving antennas (e.g., an antenna array (including one or more antenna elements)) for a cell, a portion of a cell, or an uplink SRS-only reception point.
  • the reception point may include base station (ng-eNB or gNB) antennas, a remote radio head, a remote antenna of the base station, an antenna of an uplink SRS-only reception point, etc.
  • a cell may include one or more reception points. For example, in a homogeneous deployment, each reception point may correspond to one cell.
  • a PRS-only TP may be a TP that transmits only PRS signals for PRS-based TBS positioning and is not associated with a cell.
  • a Transmission-Reception point may be a geographically co-located set of antennas (e.g., an antenna array (comprising one or more antenna elements)) that support transmission point and/or reception point functionality.
  • antennas e.g., an antenna array (comprising one or more antenna elements)
  • an SRS-only RP may be a RP that receives only SRS signals for uplink-only positioning and is not associated with a cell.
  • the TRP and the base station may be replaced and used as the same entity.
  • an SL PRS transmission resource may be composed of an SL PRS resource set consisting of the following information:
  • - SL PRS resource type can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand
  • the above SL PRS resource set may be composed of SL PRS resources composed of the following information.
  • SL PRS comb offset RE index where SL PRS is first transmitted within the first SL PRS symbol.
  • SL PRS start position The index of the first symbol transmitting SL PRS within a slot.
  • Number of SL PRS symbols The number of symbols that make up the SL PRS in one slot.
  • - SL PRS resource type can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand
  • SL PRS periodicity the period in the time domain between SL PRS resources, a unit of physical or logical slot in the resource pool where SL PRS is transmitted.
  • SL PRS spatial relation can be set to SL SSB or DL PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS for positioning or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc.
  • SL PRS CCH SL PRS control channel. Can signal SL PRS resource configuration information and resource location, etc.
  • the terminal may perform the LCP procedure according to the LCP (Logical Channel Prioritization) priority order when there is logical channel data and/or MAC CE and/or control message (e.g., PC5-S message and/or PC5 RRC message) to transmit.
  • LCP Logical Channel Prioritization
  • control message e.g., PC5-S message and/or PC5 RRC message
  • the LCP procedure may be as follows. For example, when a terminal has multiple messages or data to transmit (e.g., MAC CE, communication data, (PC5) RRC message), the terminal may first generate a MAC PDU for a message with a higher priority based on priorities (e.g., priority). For example, when the terminal has MAC CE and data to transmit, if the destinations of the MAC CE and the data are different, the terminal may first multiplex a message (e.g., MAC CE) with a higher priority (e.g., priority) into the MAC PDU to generate a MAC PDU. In addition, for example, when the destinations of messages are the same, the terminal may perform a multiplexing operation for generating a MAC PDU by preferentially selecting a message with a higher priority.
  • MAC CE communication data
  • PC5 RRC message the terminal may first generate a MAC PDU for a message with a higher priority based on priorities (e.g., priority).
  • priorities e.g.
  • the sensing procedure of a device e.g., a terminal or a base station
  • the main purpose of the ISAC service is to quickly detect and distinguish a target object through sensing, it is necessary to classify the sensing procedure (or operation) as a service that must satisfy one QoS requirement (e.g., 1. sensing latency: the time it takes for a terminal that triggers sensing to trigger the sensing procedure and receive the sensing result of the target object from a receiving terminal and/or 2. sensing accuracy, etc.).
  • the sensing behavior of a device can be considered a service that must satisfy the ISAC sensing QoS requirement.
  • the terminal can perform sensing operations based on the sensing QoS (e.g., transmitting sensing RS and/or receiving sensing RS (sensing signal)).
  • sensing in ISAC can be considered a higher-layer service that must satisfy sensing QoS (or sensing quality) based on sensing results.
  • a new QoS (e.g., SQFI) for the ISAC sensing service can be defined as follows.
  • the sensing QoS flow ID can be:
  • sensing service can be distinguished by the level of sensing QoS requirements (e.g., 1. sensing accuracy, 2. sensing latency: e.g., latency boundary from sensing triggering to receiving sensing results, and/or 3. sensing priority: priority that can be used to determine which sensing service to trigger first based on priority when multiple sensing procedures are required)). For example, the smaller (or higher) the SQFI value, the tighter (e.g., a sensing service requiring high sensing accuracy, or a sensing service requiring low/lower/lowest sensing latency) the sensing service can be defined.
  • the level of sensing QoS requirements e.g., 1. sensing accuracy, 2. sensing latency: e.g., latency boundary from sensing triggering to receiving sensing results, and/or 3. sensing priority: priority that can be used to determine which sensing service to trigger first based on priority when multiple sensing procedures are required
  • the tighter e.g., a sensing service requiring high sensing
  • ISAC can define terminal and TRP (or base station) operations to support sensing services such as detection, localization, and tracking.
  • QoS Location estimation of static objects.
  • QoS parameters of location estimation e.g., time delay and/or angle of arrival
  • Tracking state changes e.g. range, angle and/or speed
  • moving objects e.g. vehicles or drones.
  • a network system may need to manage and control available resources (e.g., transmission resources) to satisfy both sensing and communication services.
  • available resources e.g., transmission resources
  • spectrum (or bandwidth) resources may be insufficient. For example, particularly when congestion occurs in sensing services, a problem of insufficient shared resources may arise. Therefore, it may be necessary to provide wireless communication services that can satisfy the QoS requirements of both sensing and communication services by efficiently utilizing limited shared resources.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the main sensing modes of an ISAC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a support scenario for a sensing service in ISAC may be as follows.
  • the six main sensing modes supported by ISAC could be:
  • - gNB mono-static (e.g., the same gNB provides both Tx and Rx)
  • gNB bi-static e.g. one gNB is Tx and the other is Rx
  • gNB-to-UE bi-static e.g. gNB is Tx and UE is Rx
  • - UE bi-static e.g. one UE is Tx and the other UE is Rx
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may be solutions that are scalable and applicable to all six sensing scenarios.
  • a sensing transmitter performing a sensing service can transmit a sensing signal using multiple frequency band resources.
  • a sensing signal e.g., a sensing reference signal
  • an operation using a low frequency band of 5G to support 6G ISAC operation e.g., spectrum re-farming: an operation using spectrum resources of other generations of communication
  • a sensing reference signal e.g., a sensing RS using a wide beam resource (or a wide bandwidth resource) of a low frequency band of 5G
  • LOS Line of Sight
  • the change in the RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • the sensing transmitter can detect the presence of an object (e.g., detect the direction, position, etc. of the object) through sensing RS transmission using the low frequency band of 5G.
  • the sensing transmitter can be allocated and/or configured with a resource (e.g., narrow beam resource) of the high frequency band of 6G (or wide or narrow bandwidth resource of the high frequency band of 6G) from the 6G base station.
  • the sensing transmitter can transmit a sensing reference signal in the direction where the object is located (sensing reference signal transmission using the narrow beam resource of the high frequency band of 6G).
  • the above operation is described in the case where the UE acts as the sensing transmitter, it can be equally applicable to a scenario where the TRP transmits the sensing RS (e.g., the TRP mono-static scenario).
  • the above operation can be extended and applied to all six sensing modes.
  • a sensing transmitter instructed to transmit a sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) by a 6G core network, a third entity connected to the 6G core network, or a 6G base station (or a 5G base station) may transmit the sensing signal.
  • a sensing receiver may receive the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) transmitted by the sensing transmitter to collect sensing data.
  • the sensing receiver may transmit the collected sensing data to an entity (e.g., a third entity) that uses the sensing data via the base station and/or the core network.
  • the sensing transmitter may transmit the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) using spectrum resources of a low frequency band of 5G rather than a high frequency band of 6G.
  • a 5G base station may control a terminal for a 6G function (e.g., an ISAC function).
  • the 5G base station can allocate and/or set resources (via RRC messages and/or physical channel signals) for sensing reference signal transmission so that the sensing transmitter can transmit the ISAC sensing reference signal in the low frequency band of 5G.
  • the sensing transmitter can allocate and/or set resources through the control of 6G for the remaining signal transmission (e.g., sensing data: sensing result data collected through sensing RS reception) except for the sensing signal (e.g., sensing reference signal) and transmit messages (e.g., sensing data: sensing result data collected through sensing RS reception) using the high frequency band of 6G.
  • the remaining signal transmission e.g., sensing data: sensing result data collected through sensing RS reception
  • the sensing signal e.g., sensing reference signal
  • messages e.g., sensing data: sensing result data collected through sensing RS reception
  • an operation using a low frequency band of 5G to support ISAC operation of 6G can be used for sensing reference signal transmission (e.g., sensing RS transmission using a wide beam resource (or wide bandwidth resource) of a low frequency band of 5G) to roughly determine in which direction an object exists based on the measurement of the sensing RS that the sensing transmitter transmits on the LOS path (change in RSRP of the LOS component) in the ISAC mono-static scenario.
  • the sensing transmitter can determine the existence of an object (e.g., determine the direction and/or location, etc.) through sensing RS transmission using a low frequency band of 5G.
  • the sensing transmitter when the existence of an object is determined, can be allocated and/or configured with a resource (e.g., narrow beam resource) of a high frequency band of 6G (or a wide or narrow bandwidth resource of a high frequency band of 6G) from a 6G base station. For example, using this, the sensing transmitter can transmit a sensing reference signal in the direction where the object is located (transmitting the sensing reference signal using a narrow beam resource of the high frequency band of 6G).
  • a resource e.g., narrow beam resource
  • the sensing transmitter can transmit a sensing reference signal in the direction where the object is located (transmitting the sensing reference signal using a narrow beam resource of the high frequency band of 6G).
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a method for performing sensing through sensing signal transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the first device may transmit a first sensing signal.
  • the first sensing signal may be transmitted on a first frequency band.
  • the first device may obtain information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal transmitted in step S1110.
  • the information related to the sensing target may include information related to a direction of the sensing target.
  • the information related to the direction of the sensing target may include information related to a location of the sensing target.
  • the first device may transmit a second sensing signal.
  • the second sensing signal may be transmitted on a second frequency band.
  • the information related to the sensing target may be obtained based on a change in a reference signal reception power related to a line-of-sight component, and the change in the reference signal reception power related to the line-of-sight component may be measured based on the first sensing signal.
  • the second sensing signal in step S1120 may be transmitted based on information related to the sensing target acquired.
  • the second sensing signal may be transmitted based on the presence of the sensing target being determined.
  • the second sensing signal may be transmitted in the direction of the sensing target.
  • sensing data may be acquired based on the second sensing signal.
  • Figure 12 illustrates different frequency bands used for sensing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of Figure 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the second frequency band may be a higher frequency band than the first frequency band.
  • the second frequency band may be a wider frequency band than the first frequency band.
  • the first frequency band may be a frequency band based on 5G.
  • the second frequency band may be a frequency band based on 6G.
  • the first sensing signal transmitted in step S1110 of FIG. 11 may be transmitted on the first frequency band.
  • the second sensing signal transmitted in step S1130 of FIG. 11 may be transmitted on the second frequency band.
  • a sensing transmitter instructed to transmit a sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) by a 6G core network, a third entity connected to the 6G core network, or a 6G base station (or a 5G base station) may transmit the sensing signal.
  • a sensing receiver may receive the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) transmitted by the sensing transmitter to collect sensing data.
  • the sensing receiver may transmit the collected sensing data to an entity (e.g., a third entity) that uses the sensing data via the base station and/or the core network.
  • the sensing transmitter may transmit the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) and/or sensing data (e.g., a sensing measurement report: a sensing RS measurement result transmitted to the base station, the core network, or the third entity) using spectrum resources of a high frequency band of 6G rather than a low frequency band of 5G.
  • a 5G base station can control a terminal for a 6G function (e.g., ISAC function).
  • the 5G base station can allocate and/or configure resources (via RRC messages and/or physical channel signals) for transmitting a sensing reference signal or transmitting sensing data so that a sensing transmitter or a sensing receiver can transmit an ISAC sensing reference signal or sensing data in a high frequency band of 6G.
  • resources can be allocated and/or configured through control of 5G (e.g., a 5G base station) for data transmission for a communication service other than a sensing service. For example, through this, data transmission can be performed using a low frequency band of 5G.
  • a sensing transmitter instructed to transmit a sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) by a 6G core network, a third entity connected to the 6G core network, or a 6G base station (or a 5G base station) may transmit the sensing signal.
  • a sensing receiver may receive the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) transmitted by the sensing transmitter to collect sensing data.
  • the sensing receiver may transmit the collected sensing data to an entity (e.g., a third entity) that uses the sensing data via the base station and/or the core network.
  • the sensing transmitter may transmit the sensing signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal) and/or sensing data (e.g., a sensing measurement report: a sensing RS measurement result transmitted to the base station, the core network, or the third entity) using spectrum resources of a 5G low frequency band rather than a 6G high frequency band.
  • a 5G base station can control a terminal for 6G functions (e.g., ISAC functions).
  • the 5G base station can allocate and/or configure resources (via RRC messages or physical channel signals) for sensing reference signal transmission or sensing data transmission so that a sensing transmitter or a sensing receiver can transmit ISAC sensing reference signals or sensing data in a 5G low frequency band.
  • resources can be allocated and/or configured through 5G control for data transmission for a communication service other than a sensing service. For example, through this, data transmission can be performed using a 6G high frequency band.
  • the base station can allocate spectrum resources so that devices (e.g., sensing transmitters) with similar interference ranges share the same spectrum resources (e.g., 1. Frequency band: low frequency band resources or high frequency band resources, or 2. spectrum resources of a low frequency band or spectrum resources of a high frequency band).
  • devices e.g., sensing transmitters
  • spectrum resources e.g., 1. Frequency band: low frequency band resources or high frequency band resources, or 2. spectrum resources of a low frequency band or spectrum resources of a high frequency band).
  • the method proposed in this disclosure may have various improved effects compared to prior art, although these effects are not limited to those presented in this disclosure.
  • the problem of spectrum (or bandwidth) resource shortage caused by supporting both sensing and communication services can be alleviated.
  • a wireless communication service that can satisfy the QoS requirements of both sensing and communication services can be provided by efficiently utilizing limited resources.
  • power consumption for sensing can be reduced.
  • sensing performance can be improved.
  • sensing can be managed more efficiently.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may be extended and applicable to all TRP to TRP momo-static, TRP to TRP bi-static, TRP to UE bi-static, UE to TRP bi-static, UE to UE momo-static, and UE to UE bi-static operations.
  • a message may be interpreted as a control message or a data message or a signal or a data signal or a control signal.
  • a sensing service operation of a polling message-based sensing transmitter or sensing receiver is proposed.
  • the beam management operation may be interpreted as being replaced with a beam selection operation, a spatial filter selection operation, a beam pairing operation, a spatial filter pairing operation, a beam failure recovery operation, a spatial filter recovery operation, a beam sweeping operation, a spatial filter sweeping operation, a beam switching operation, a spatial filter switching operation, a measurement operation of a reference signal (RS) resource, a measurement report operation of a reference signal (RS) resource, a beam report operation, or a spatial filter report operation.
  • RS reference signal
  • RS reference signal
  • a beam may be interpreted as being replaced by a reference signal (RS) or an RS resource or a spatial filter resource.
  • RS reference signal
  • the RS (reference signal) may be interpreted as being replaced with an RS resource or a spatial filter resource.
  • the transmitting terminal may be interpreted as a terminal transmitting a beam, a terminal transmitting a beam RS (reference signal), or a terminal transmitting a beam RS (reference signal) resource.
  • the receiving terminal may be interpreted as a terminal that receives a beam, a terminal that receives a beam RS (reference signal), or a terminal that receives a beam RS (reference signal) resource.
  • the transmission beam or reception beam information transmitted and received by the terminal may be interpreted as being replaced with resource information of an RS (reference signal) associated with the transmission beam or resource information of an RS (reference signal) associated with the reception beam.
  • RS reference signal
  • the direct communication request (DCR) and/or direct communication accept (DCA) messages may be interpreted as being replaced with PC5-S DCR and/or PC5-S DCA messages.
  • spatial setting and/or Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) information and/or Quasi Co Location (QCL) information and/or beam, etc. may refer to each other and may be interpreted as being replaced with beam-related information, beam direction, or spatial domain transmission/reception filter, etc.
  • TCI Transmission Configuration Indication
  • QCL Quasi Co Location
  • a beam may be interpreted as a transmission beam, a reception beam, a spatial filter, a spatial TX (transmission) filter, a spatial domain TX (transmission) filter, a spatial RX (reception) filter, or a spatial domain RX (reception) filter.
  • the transmission beam may be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial TX (transmission) filter or a spatial domain TX (transmission) filter.
  • the reception beam may be interpreted as being replaced by a spatial RX (reception) filter or a spatial domain RX (reception) filter.
  • the fact that the spatial setting information (or beam information) for transmission is the same may mean that the spatial domain TX filter of the terminal is the same for two different transmission signals.
  • the fact that the spatial setting information (or beam information) for reception is the same may mean that the two different reception signals are in a QCL TypeD relationship and/or use the same spatial RX parameter.
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed service type-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed (or differently or independently) (LCH or service) priority-specifically. For example, whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed (or differently or independently) QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range)-specifically.
  • QoS requirements e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed PQI parameter-specifically (or differently or independently).
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed SL HARQ feedback ENABLED LCH/MAC PDU (transmission)-specifically (or differently or independently).
  • the rule application status and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL HARQ feedback DISABLED LCH/MAC PDU (transmission).
  • the rule application status and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for CBR measurement values of resource pools.
  • the rule application status and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL cast types (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).
  • the rule application status and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL groupcast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK/NACK feedback, NACK only feedback based on TX-RX distance).
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a resource pool in which PSFCH resources are configured. For example, whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a source (L2) ID. For example, whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a destination (L2) ID.
  • whether the rule is applied and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL HARQ process (ID).
  • whether the rule is applied and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the SL DRX operation (of a TX UE or an RX UE) is performed.
  • whether the rule is applied and/or the parameter values related to the proposed method/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the UE is power saving (of a TX or an RX).
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure may be specifically (or differently or independently) set/allowed when (from a specific UE perspective) PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX overlap (and/or multiple PSFCH TXs (which exceed UE capability)) (and/or when PSFCH TX (and/or PSFCH RX) are omitted).
  • whether the rule applies and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure may be specifically (or differently or independently) set/allowed when the RX UE actually (successfully) receives a PSCCH (and/or PSSCH) (re)transmission from the TX UE.
  • the setting (or designation) wording can be extended to include a form in which a base station notifies a terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel/signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and/or a form provided through pre-configuration and/or a form in which a terminal notifies another terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel/signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)).
  • a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel/signal e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE
  • SL MAC CE Physical layer or upper layer
  • the PSFCH wording can be extended to (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and/or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and/or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and/or UL channel/signal)).
  • the proposed method of the present disclosure can be extended (in a new form) by being combined with each other.
  • a specific threshold value may mean a threshold value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal.
  • a specific setting value may mean a value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal.
  • an operation set by a network/base station may mean an operation that a base station sets (in advance) to a UE via a higher layer RRC signaling, sets/signals to the UE via MAC CE, or signals to the UE via DCI.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the first device can transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band.
  • the first device can obtain information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal.
  • the second sensing signal can be transmitted on a second frequency band.
  • the second frequency band may be a higher frequency or wider bandwidth frequency band than the first frequency band.
  • the information related to the sensing target may include information related to the direction of the sensing target.
  • the information related to the direction of the sensing target may include information related to the location of the sensing target.
  • the second sensing signal may be transmitted based on the detection of the presence of the sensing target.
  • the second sensing signal may be transmitted in the direction of the sensing target.
  • information related to the sensing target can be obtained based on a change in the reception power of a reference signal related to a line-of-sight component.
  • the change in the reception power of a reference signal related to the line-of-sight component can be measured based on the first sensing signal.
  • sensing data can be acquired based on the second sensing signal.
  • a resource for transmitting a sensing signal may be a resource related to 5G
  • a resource for transmitting data related to sensing may be a resource related to 6G.
  • sensing signals or sensing data may be transmitted based on 6G-related resources allocated from a 5G-related base station.
  • data for communication services may be transmitted based on 5G-related resources allocated from a 5G-related base station.
  • the first frequency band may be a spectrum resource based on 5G
  • the second frequency band may be a spectrum resource based on 6G.
  • resources for sensing services may be allocated from a 5G-related base station to be shared among multiple devices based on interference range.
  • the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the first device (100) to obtain information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal. Then, the processor (102) of the first device can control the transceiver (106) to transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a first device configured to perform wireless communication
  • the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions.
  • the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a processing device configured to control a first device.
  • the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions.
  • the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided.
  • the instructions when executed, may cause a first device to: transmit a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and transmit a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the second device can receive a first sensing signal on a first frequency band.
  • the second device can obtain information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal.
  • the second device can receive a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a first sensing signal on a first frequency band. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the second device (200) to obtain information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to receive a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a second device configured to perform wireless communication
  • the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions.
  • the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and receive a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a processing device configured to control a second device.
  • the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions.
  • the instructions when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: receive a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and receive a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided.
  • the instructions when executed, may cause a second device to: receive a first sensing signal on a first frequency band; acquire information related to a sensing target based on the first sensing signal; and receive a second sensing signal on a second frequency band based on the information related to the sensing target.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network.
  • the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.
  • the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device/server (400).
  • the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc.
  • the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and/or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)).
  • UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • AV Aerial Vehicle
  • AAM Advanced Air Mobility
  • the XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
  • the portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc.
  • the home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc.
  • the IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc.
  • a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication.
  • NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology.
  • LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication).
  • LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small/low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.
  • PAN personal area networks
  • Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300).
  • the network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc.
  • the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200)/network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station/network.
  • vehicles can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle)/V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication).
  • IoT devices e.g., sensors
  • IoT devices can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).
  • Wireless communication/connection can be established between wireless devices (100a ⁇ 100f)/base stations (200), and base stations (200)/base stations (200).
  • wireless communication/connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and base station-to-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul).
  • 5G NR wireless access technologies
  • uplink/downlink communication 150a
  • sidelink communication 150b
  • base station-to-base station communication 150c
  • wireless devices and base stations/wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit/receive wireless signals to each other.
  • wireless communication/connection can transmit/receive signals through various physical channels.
  • various configuration information setting processes for transmitting/receiving wireless signals various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).
  • ⁇ the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200) ⁇ can correspond to ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the base station (200) ⁇ and/or ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x) ⁇ of FIG. 15.
  • a first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and/or one or more antennas (108).
  • the processor (102) controls the memories (104) and/or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signal via the transceiver (106).
  • the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory (104).
  • a second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and/or one or more antennas (208).
  • the processor (202) controls the memories (204) and/or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information/signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signals via the transceivers (206).
  • the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signals in the memory (204).
  • the memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
  • the transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208).
  • the transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • the transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
  • a wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
  • one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202).
  • one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP).
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • PDUs Protocol Data Units
  • SDUs Service Data Units
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.
  • One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
  • One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
  • signals e.g., baseband signals
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer.
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc.
  • the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202).
  • the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
  • One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and/or commands.
  • the one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
  • one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices.
  • One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202).
  • one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or a filter.
  • Fig. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060).
  • the operations/functions of FIG. 17 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and/or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.
  • the hardware elements of FIG. 17 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and/or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.
  • blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16.
  • blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16
  • block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.
  • the codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 17.
  • the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block.
  • the information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block).
  • the wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).
  • the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010).
  • the scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc.
  • the scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020).
  • the modulation method may include pi/2-BPSK (pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc.
  • the complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030).
  • the modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding).
  • the output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M.
  • N is the number of antenna ports
  • M is the number of transmission layers.
  • the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols.
  • the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.
  • the resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources.
  • the time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • the signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna.
  • the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • CP Cyclic Prefix
  • DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
  • the signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 17.
  • a wireless device e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 16
  • the received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer.
  • the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process.
  • a signal processing circuit for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.
  • Figure 18 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case/service (see Figure 15).
  • the embodiment of Figure 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 16 and may be composed of various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules.
  • the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140).
  • the communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114).
  • the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and/or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 16.
  • the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and/or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 16.
  • the control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device.
  • the control unit (120) may control the electrical/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program/code/command/information stored in the memory unit (130).
  • control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface in the memory unit (130).
  • the additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device.
  • the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output unit (I/O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit.
  • the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 15, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 15, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 15, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 15, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 15, 100e), an IoT device (Fig.
  • Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use/service.
  • various elements, components, units/parts, and/or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110).
  • the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110).
  • each element, component, unit/part, and/or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements.
  • the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets.
  • control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc.
  • memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.).
  • the mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT).
  • the embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.
  • the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input/output unit (140c).
  • the antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110).
  • Blocks 110 to 130/140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 18, respectively.
  • the communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations.
  • the control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations.
  • the control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor).
  • the memory unit (130) can store data/parameters/programs/codes/commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input/output data/information, etc.
  • the power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
  • the interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices.
  • the interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input/output ports, video input/output ports) for connection with external devices.
  • the input/output unit (140c) can input or output video information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input from a user.
  • the input/output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
  • the input/output unit (140c) obtains information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (130).
  • the communication unit (110) converts the information/signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station.
  • the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information/signals.
  • the restored information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input/output unit (140c).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'effectuer une communication et une détection sans fil, et un appareil le prenant en charge. Un premier dispositif : peut transmettre un premier signal de détection sur une première bande de fréquences ; peut acquérir des informations relatives à une cible de détection sur la base du premier signal de détection ; et transmettre un second signal de détection sur une seconde bande de fréquences, sur la base des informations relatives à la cible de détection.
PCT/KR2025/009349 2024-07-01 2025-07-01 Procédé et appareil de détection d'opération de transmission de signal à l'aide de différentes ressources spectrales dans une technologie d'intégration de détection et de communication Pending WO2026010331A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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KR10-2024-0085961 2024-07-01
KR20240085961 2024-07-01

Publications (1)

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WO2026010331A1 true WO2026010331A1 (fr) 2026-01-08

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KR20210136629A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 주식회사 만도모빌리티솔루션즈 차량용 레이더 장치 및 제어방법
US20230076874A1 (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-03-09 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Power control and beam management for communication and sensing
US20230314591A1 (en) * 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Sensing instances for radar sensing and communication
US20230393254A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2023-12-07 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc, Enabling target localization with bi/multi-static measurements in nr
WO2023236005A1 (fr) * 2022-06-06 2023-12-14 Qualcomm Incorporated Mesure et rapport de faisceau basés sur un chemin cible

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210136629A (ko) * 2020-05-08 2021-11-17 주식회사 만도모빌리티솔루션즈 차량용 레이더 장치 및 제어방법
US20230393254A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2023-12-07 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc, Enabling target localization with bi/multi-static measurements in nr
US20230076874A1 (en) * 2021-08-30 2023-03-09 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Power control and beam management for communication and sensing
US20230314591A1 (en) * 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Sensing instances for radar sensing and communication
WO2023236005A1 (fr) * 2022-06-06 2023-12-14 Qualcomm Incorporated Mesure et rapport de faisceau basés sur un chemin cible

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