ZA200601406B - Filter unit for filtering particles contained in exhaust gas of an internal combusting engine - Google Patents

Filter unit for filtering particles contained in exhaust gas of an internal combusting engine Download PDF

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Publication number
ZA200601406B
ZA200601406B ZA200601406A ZA200601406A ZA200601406B ZA 200601406 B ZA200601406 B ZA 200601406B ZA 200601406 A ZA200601406 A ZA 200601406A ZA 200601406 A ZA200601406 A ZA 200601406A ZA 200601406 B ZA200601406 B ZA 200601406B
Authority
ZA
South Africa
Prior art keywords
filter unit
inlet
passages
filter
unit according
Prior art date
Application number
ZA200601406A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bardon Sebastien
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Ct Recherches
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Ct Recherches filed Critical Saint Gobain Ct Recherches
Publication of ZA200601406B publication Critical patent/ZA200601406B/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/247—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2482—Thickness, height, width, length or diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2484—Cell density, area or aspect ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
    • B01D46/2486—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure characterised by the shapes or configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • B01D46/2498—The honeycomb filter being defined by mathematical relationships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/48—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the number of flow passages, e.g. cell density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/05—Methods of making filter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/10—Residue burned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
ZA200601406A 2003-07-18 2006-02-17 Filter unit for filtering particles contained in exhaust gas of an internal combusting engine ZA200601406B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0308776A FR2857696B1 (fr) 2003-07-18 2003-07-18 Bloc filtrant pour la filtration de particules contenues dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ZA200601406B true ZA200601406B (en) 2008-07-30

Family

ID=33548237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ZA200601406A ZA200601406B (en) 2003-07-18 2006-02-17 Filter unit for filtering particles contained in exhaust gas of an internal combusting engine

Country Status (20)

Country Link
US (1) US7537633B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP1660213B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP4431576B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR101032032B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN100438948C (pt)
AT (1) ATE353700T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU2004265114A1 (pt)
BR (1) BRPI0412152A (pt)
CA (1) CA2532277A1 (pt)
DE (1) DE602004004800T2 (pt)
DK (1) DK1660213T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2282895T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR2857696B1 (pt)
MX (1) MXPA06000710A (pt)
NO (1) NO20060789L (pt)
PL (1) PL1660213T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT1660213E (pt)
RU (1) RU2338577C2 (pt)
WO (1) WO2005016491A1 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA200601406B (pt)

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004037706A1 (de) * 2004-08-04 2006-03-16 Purem Abgassysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Filterplatte für einen Partikelfilter
EP1914536A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-23 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Particulate matter sensor for exhaust gas purifying apparatus
EP1941940A1 (en) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-09 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Porous substrate for use as a particulate filter for catalytic or non-catalytic soot regeneration methods
US8814974B2 (en) * 2007-08-24 2014-08-26 Corning Incorporated Thin-walled porous ceramic wall-flow filter
FR2925355B1 (fr) * 2007-12-20 2009-12-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux concaves ou convexes.
FR2928561B1 (fr) * 2008-03-11 2011-08-19 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration de gaz
FR2928562B1 (fr) * 2008-03-11 2010-08-13 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration d'un gaz a epaisseur de paroi variable
JP2009243274A (ja) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-22 Mazda Motor Corp パティキュレートフィルタ
JP2012513555A (ja) 2008-12-23 2012-06-14 サン−ゴバン サントル ドゥ ルシェルシェ エ デトゥードゥ ユーロペン 異なる填塞材料を備える入口面および出口面を有する濾過構造
FR2943928B1 (fr) 2009-04-02 2012-04-27 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure filtrante a base de sic a proprietes thermomecaniques ameliorees
FR2946892B1 (fr) 2009-06-22 2013-01-25 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration d'un gaz a canaux hexagonaux irreguliers.
FR2949690B1 (fr) 2009-09-04 2011-10-21 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Filtre a particules en sic incorporant du cerium
WO2011042992A1 (ja) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 イビデン株式会社 ハニカムフィルタ
WO2011051901A1 (fr) 2009-10-28 2011-05-05 Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen Corps filtrant assemblé à résistance thermique spécifique variable
FR2954175B1 (fr) * 2009-12-23 2012-01-27 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure filtrante assemblee
EP2368619B1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2014-06-25 Imerys Ceramic honeycomb structures
FR2959673A1 (fr) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration de gaz a canaux tels qu'en nid d'abeilles
FR2959674A1 (fr) 2010-05-04 2011-11-11 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure de filtration de gaz a canaux tels qu'en nid d'abeilles
FR2961113B1 (fr) 2010-06-15 2012-06-08 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Filtre catalytique pour la filtration d'un gaz comprenant un ciment de joint incorporant un materiau geopolymere
FR2969696B1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2013-01-04 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Filtre a particules du type assemble
JP5762138B2 (ja) * 2011-05-28 2015-08-12 京セラ株式会社 ハニカム構造体およびこれを用いたガス処理装置
FR2979837B1 (fr) 2011-09-14 2013-08-23 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Element en nid d'abeille a coins renforces
EP2698189B1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2019-08-07 Pall Corporation Filter module and filter system comprising same
PL3034148T3 (pl) * 2013-08-14 2018-10-31 Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited Filtr cząstek stałych
USD851229S1 (en) * 2015-05-13 2019-06-11 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Filter segment for removing particle matter
JP6581851B2 (ja) * 2015-09-02 2019-09-25 日本碍子株式会社 目封止ハニカム構造体、及び目封止ハニカムセグメント
WO2017062526A1 (en) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-13 Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc. Method and apparatus for adiabatic calcium looping
DE102016111574A1 (de) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Einrichtung zur Abgasreinigung mit Filterfunktion und Diagnoseverfahren für diese Einrichtung
MX2019006625A (es) * 2016-12-12 2019-08-21 Donaldson Co Inc Medios filtrantes, paquetes de medios filtrantes y elementos filtrantes.
US11596893B2 (en) 2018-06-11 2023-03-07 Donaldson Company, Inc. Filter media, filter media packs, and filter elements
US11992874B2 (en) * 2021-05-04 2024-05-28 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Process to make a ceramic filter for metal casting

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US4276071A (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-06-30 General Motors Corporation Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates
CA1145270A (en) * 1979-12-03 1983-04-26 Morris Berg Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods of making
US4416676A (en) * 1982-02-22 1983-11-22 Corning Glass Works Honeycomb filter and method of making it
DE4201111C2 (de) * 1992-01-17 1994-03-10 Daimler Benz Ag Abgasfilter, insbesondere Rußpartikelfilter
RU2038124C1 (ru) * 1992-10-05 1995-06-27 Александр Георгиевич Арянин Устройство для очистки отходящих газов
FR2741822B1 (fr) * 1995-12-05 1998-02-20 Tami Ind Element tubulaire inorganique de filtration comportant des canaux de section non circulaire presentant des profils optimises
CN2343366Y (zh) * 1998-06-24 1999-10-13 张恒 发动机滤清器涡旋式新型滤芯
FR2789327B1 (fr) * 1999-02-09 2001-04-20 Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto Structure de filtration poreuse et dispositif de depollution la comportant
JP2001327818A (ja) * 2000-03-13 2001-11-27 Ngk Insulators Ltd セラミックフィルター及びフィルター装置
DE10037403A1 (de) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Partikelfilter
RU2183751C1 (ru) * 2000-12-14 2002-06-20 Цыпцын Валерий Иванович Фильтр для очистки отработавших газов дизеля
JP3727550B2 (ja) * 2001-05-30 2005-12-14 株式会社デンソー 排ガス浄化フィルタ及びその製造方法
US20030041730A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-03-06 Beall Douglas M. Honeycomb with varying channel size
JP2004000896A (ja) * 2002-03-25 2004-01-08 Ngk Insulators Ltd ハニカムフィルター

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2004265114A1 (en) 2005-02-24
NO20060789L (no) 2006-02-17
MXPA06000710A (es) 2006-04-19
ATE353700T1 (de) 2007-03-15
JP4431576B2 (ja) 2010-03-17
FR2857696B1 (fr) 2005-10-21
EP1660213A1 (fr) 2006-05-31
PL1660213T3 (pl) 2007-07-31
WO2005016491A1 (fr) 2005-02-24
KR101032032B1 (ko) 2011-05-02
US7537633B2 (en) 2009-05-26
BRPI0412152A (pt) 2006-10-17
RU2006104979A (ru) 2007-08-27
DK1660213T3 (da) 2007-06-04
RU2338577C2 (ru) 2008-11-20
US20060168928A1 (en) 2006-08-03
CA2532277A1 (en) 2005-02-24
KR20060113634A (ko) 2006-11-02
EP1660213B1 (fr) 2007-02-14
PT1660213E (pt) 2007-05-31
JP2007528959A (ja) 2007-10-18
CN100438948C (zh) 2008-12-03
DE602004004800T2 (de) 2007-10-31
CN1822891A (zh) 2006-08-23
FR2857696A1 (fr) 2005-01-21
ES2282895T3 (es) 2007-10-16
DE602004004800D1 (de) 2007-03-29

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