CA1134317A - Bain pour l'electrodeposition du zinc - Google Patents

Bain pour l'electrodeposition du zinc

Info

Publication number: CA1134317A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: quaternary; butyl nicotinate; electroplating bath; zinc; bath
Prior art date: 1978-01-16
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA000316708A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Sylvia Martin

Roy W. Herr

Hans-Gerhard Creutz (Deceased)

Debra J. Saez

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Oxy Metal Industries Corp

Original Assignee

Oxy Metal Industries Corp

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1978-01-16

Filing date

1978-11-22

Publication date

1982-10-26

1978-01-16 Priority claimed from US05/869,967 external-priority patent/US4170526A/en

1978-11-22 Application filed by Oxy Metal Industries Corp filed Critical Oxy Metal Industries Corp

1982-10-26 Application granted granted Critical

1982-10-26 Publication of CA1134317A publication Critical patent/CA1134317A/fr

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
DQULIMIQTCDUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DQULIMIQTCDUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc cyanide Chemical compound [Zn+2].N#[C-].N#[C-] GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
SFXFFTZGYMGTNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCl.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC Chemical compound CCl.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC SFXFFTZGYMGTNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
QENCLXPYBJVOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CI.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC Chemical compound CI.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC QENCLXPYBJVOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
JZHUZOAPOZVJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C(C)Br.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC JZHUZOAPOZVJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
JLXSUHFOPZRPQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate;chloromethylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 JLXSUHFOPZRPQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
SIOHZQUMDLHCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate;dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC.CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 SIOHZQUMDLHCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
ZKXNPEQZQRYUOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate;methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O.CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 ZKXNPEQZQRYUOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
-1 olefin glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
229920002557 polyglycidol polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
XIEYPAFOFCGGIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)I.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC Chemical compound C(C)I.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)OCCCC XIEYPAFOFCGGIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
UDVOHGDUOWOFFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pyridine-3-carboxylate;diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC.CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 UDVOHGDUOWOFFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Busulfan Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
HJHFWRZOMYUAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)I.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)O Chemical compound C(C)I.C(C1=CN=CC=C1)(=O)O HJHFWRZOMYUAIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
JWBQJUFCNOLNNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dec-5-yne Chemical compound CCCCC#CCCCC JWBQJUFCNOLNNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940068917 polyethylene glycols Drugs 0.000 description 1
XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OS(O)(=O)=O FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/22—Collecting emitted gases

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

CA000316708A 1978-01-16 1978-11-22 Bain pour l'electrodeposition du zinc Expired CA1134317A (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US05/869,967 US4170526A (en)	1978-01-16	1978-01-16	Electroplating bath and process
US869,967		1978-01-16
US87219078A	1978-01-25	1978-01-25
US872,190		1978-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1134317A true CA1134317A (fr)	1982-10-26

Family

ID=27128141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA000316708A Expired CA1134317A (fr)	1978-01-16	1978-11-22	Bain pour l'electrodeposition du zinc

Country Status (9)

Country	Link
AR (1)	AR219787A1 (fr)
AU (2)	AU523965B2 (fr)
BR (2)	BR7900283A (fr)
CA (1)	CA1134317A (fr)
DE (1)	DE2900501C2 (fr)
GB (3)	GB2062010A (fr)
IT (1)	IT1114331B (fr)
MX (2)	MX152015A (fr)
SE (1)	SE435399B (fr)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
CH662583A5 (fr) *	1985-03-01	1987-10-15	Heinz Emmenegger	Bain galvanique pour le depot electrolytique d'alliages d'or-cuivre-cadmium-zinc.
US4699696A (en) *	1986-04-15	1987-10-13	Omi International Corporation	Zinc-nickel alloy electrolyte and process
US6238542B1 (en)	1998-09-15	2001-05-29	Thomas Helden	Water soluble brighteners for zinc and zinc alloy electrolytes
EP0987349B1 (fr) *	1998-09-15	2005-01-05	LPW-Chemie GmbH	Procédé de dépôt galvanique des couches de zinc et/ou des couches d'alliages de zinc
DE10033433A1 (de) *	2000-07-10	2002-01-24	Basf Ag	Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Verzinkung aus alkansulfonsäurehaltigen Elektrolyten
US11291293B2 (en)	2014-12-23	2022-04-05	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Oral care implement
CN106998897B (zh)	2014-12-23	2019-08-06	高露洁-棕榄公司	口腔护理器具
CA2970677C (fr)	2014-12-23	2022-05-24	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Accessoire de soins buccaux
CN107105883B (zh)	2014-12-23	2019-03-19	高露洁-棕榄公司	口腔护理器具
WO2016105368A1 (fr)	2014-12-23	2016-06-30	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Instrument de soin buccal ayant un manche à multiples éléments
EP3574799B1 (fr)	2014-12-23	2021-03-17	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Instrument de soin buccal
WO2016105359A1 (fr)	2014-12-23	2016-06-30	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Instrument de soin buccal
WO2016105357A1 (fr)	2014-12-23	2016-06-30	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Instrument de soin buccal
USD780457S1 (en)	2014-12-23	2017-03-07	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Oral care implement
CA2970625C (fr)	2014-12-23	2023-08-15	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Accessoire de soins bucco-dentaires comportant un manche a composants multiples
CA2970622C (fr)	2014-12-23	2022-05-24	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Ustensile de soin buccal
US10709533B2 (en)	2017-12-12	2020-07-14	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Oral care implement and handle and refill head thereof
USD846883S1 (en)	2017-12-12	2019-04-30	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Handle of an oral care implement
US10631964B2 (en)	2017-12-12	2020-04-28	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Oral care implement
USD891784S1 (en)	2018-12-18	2020-08-04	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Electric toothbrush handle
USD960582S1 (en)	2020-12-10	2022-08-16	Colgate-Palmolive Company	Oral care refill head

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3821095A (en) *	1972-09-26	1974-06-28	M & T Chemicals Inc	Zinc electroplating process and electrolyte therefor

1978
- 1978-11-22 CA CA000316708A patent/CA1134317A/fr not_active Expired
1979
- 1979-01-08 DE DE2900501A patent/DE2900501C2/de not_active Expired
- 1979-01-15 GB GB8038947A patent/GB2062010A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-01-15 GB GB791398A patent/GB2012306B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-15 SE SE7900338A patent/SE435399B/sv unknown
- 1979-01-15 GB GB8036467A patent/GB2062009B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-16 AU AU43395/79A patent/AU523965B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-01-16 BR BR7900283A patent/BR7900283A/pt unknown
- 1979-01-16 MX MX176305A patent/MX152015A/es unknown
- 1979-01-16 IT IT47654/79A patent/IT1114331B/it active
- 1979-01-16 AR AR275188A patent/AR219787A1/es active
- 1979-01-16 BR BR7900282A patent/BR7900282A/pt unknown
- 1979-01-16 MX MX176306A patent/MX152135A/es unknown
- 1979-01-16 AU AU43396/79A patent/AU521274B2/en not_active Ceased

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE2900501C2 (de)	1982-10-21
BR7900283A (pt)	1979-08-14
AU521274B2 (en)	1982-03-25
GB2012306B (en)	1982-08-04
AU4339679A (en)	1979-07-26
SE435399B (sv)	1984-09-24
AU4339579A (en)	1979-07-26
GB2012306A (en)	1979-07-25
AU523965B2 (en)	1982-08-26
GB2062010A (en)	1981-05-20
DE2900501A1 (de)	1979-08-02
SE7900338L (sv)	1979-07-17
MX152015A (es)	1985-05-24
GB2062009B (en)	1982-09-08
AR219787A1 (es)	1980-09-15
IT1114331B (it)	1986-01-27
MX152135A (es)	1985-05-31
IT7947654A0 (it)	1979-01-16
BR7900282A (pt)	1979-08-14
GB2062009A (en)	1981-05-20

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1999-10-26	MKEX	Expiry

Publication	Publication Date	Title
CA1134317A (fr)	1982-10-26	Bain pour l'electrodeposition du zinc
US4488942A (en)	1984-12-18	Zinc and zinc alloy electroplating bath and process
US5435898A (en)	1995-07-25	Alkaline zinc and zinc alloy electroplating baths and processes
US4717458A (en)	1988-01-05	Zinc and zinc alloy electrolyte and process
US4515663A (en)	1985-05-07	Acid zinc and zinc alloy electroplating solution and process
US4444629A (en)	1984-04-24	Zinc-iron alloy electroplating baths and process
CA1308057C (fr)	1992-09-29	Bain de galvanoplastie aqueux et methode d'electrodepositiond'etain et/ou de plomb
GB2155493A (en)	1985-09-25	Electroplating zinc-iron alloy from alkaline bath
US4207150A (en)	1980-06-10	Electroplating bath and process
US4597838A (en)	1986-07-01	Additive agent for zinc alloy electrolyte and process
US4401526A (en)	1983-08-30	Zinc alloy plating baths with condensation polymer brighteners
US4384929A (en)	1983-05-24	Process for electro-depositing composite nickel layers
GB2164953A (en)	1986-04-03	Zinc-alloy plating
CA1131161A (fr)	1982-09-07	Bain d'electrodeposition de zinc, y compris une composition d'azote hetero-cyclique servant de brillanteur
US4898652A (en)	1990-02-06	Polyoxalkylated polyhydroxy compounds as additives in zinc alloy electrolytes
US4252619A (en)	1981-02-24	Brightener for zinc electroplating solutions and process
US4772362A (en)	1988-09-20	Zinc alloy electrolyte and process
KR20010039969A (ko)	2001-05-15	주석-구리 합금 도금욕
US4014761A (en)	1977-03-29	Bright acid zinc plating
US7300563B2 (en)	2007-11-27	Use of N-alllyl substituted amines and their salts as brightening agents in nickel plating baths
US4439285A (en)	1984-03-27	Trivalent chromium electrolyte and process employing neodymium reducing agent
JPS60255991A (ja)	1985-12-17	酸性亜鉛電解質用の改良キヤリヤー光沢剤
US4422908A (en)	1983-12-27	Zinc plating
US4549942A (en)	1985-10-29	Process for electrodepositing composite nickel layers
US4244790A (en)	1981-01-13	Composition and method for electrodeposition of black nickel