CA1256232A - Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminum - Google Patents

Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminum

Info

Publication number: CA1256232A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: weight; coating; hard material; coating composition; cell
Prior art date: 1982-07-22
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA000432498A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Inventor

Larry G. Boxall

Dennis C. Nagle

Douglas W. Townsend

Arthur V. Cooke

William M. Buchta

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Commonwealth Aluminum Corp

Original Assignee

Commonwealth Aluminum Corp

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1982-07-22

Filing date

1983-07-15

Publication date

1989-06-20

1982-07-22 Priority claimed from US06/400,772 external-priority patent/US4526911A/en

1982-07-22 Priority claimed from US06/400,773 external-priority patent/US4466996A/en

1982-07-22 Priority claimed from US06/400,762 external-priority patent/US4544469A/en

1983-07-15 Application filed by Commonwealth Aluminum Corp filed Critical Commonwealth Aluminum Corp

1989-06-20 Application granted granted Critical

1989-06-20 Publication of CA1256232A publication Critical patent/CA1256232A/en

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 188
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 188
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 167
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 140
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 143
QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 98
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 86
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 86
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 67
239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 52
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 48
238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 46
229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 31
230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
-1 polyphenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 23
239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 93
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 63
239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 55
ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 53
238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 50
HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 42
229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 40
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 32
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 31
229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 30
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 27
239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 25
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 21
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 20
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 20
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 20
WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 17
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 17
150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 17
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229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 15
PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 14
150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 13
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 13
SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 12
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229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 8
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 8
150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 7
239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 7
238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 7
ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 6
239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 6
239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 6
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 6
230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical class NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 5
239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 5
235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 5
XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 4
229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 4
RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
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BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N anilinium chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC1=CC=CC=C1 MMCPOSDMTGQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
NYMPGSQKHIOWIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy(diphenyl)silicon Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NYMPGSQKHIOWIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
229940100630 metacresol Drugs 0.000 description 1
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylquinoline Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC(C)=CC=C21 SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-NJFSPNSNSA-N methylurea Chemical compound [14CH3]NC(N)=O XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 description 1
235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
KZVLNAGYSAKYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 KZVLNAGYSAKYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012262 resinous product Substances 0.000 description 1
239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229940032158 sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
239000001119 stannous chloride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurochloridic acid Chemical compound OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
HHLJUSLZGFYWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethanolamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OCCN(CCO)CCO HHLJUSLZGFYWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/5805—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides
- C04B35/58064—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides
- C04B35/58071—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on borides based on refractory borides based on titanium borides
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
- C04B41/5062—Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
- C04B41/507—Borides
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

CA000432498A 1982-07-22 1983-07-15 Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminum Expired CA1256232A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US06/400,772 US4526911A (en)	1982-07-22	1982-07-22	Aluminum cell cathode coating composition
US400,773		1982-07-22
US06/400,773 US4466996A (en)	1982-07-22	1982-07-22	Aluminum cell cathode coating method
US400,762		1982-07-22
US400,772		1982-07-22
US06/400,762 US4544469A (en)	1982-07-22	1982-07-22	Aluminum cell having aluminum wettable cathode surface

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1256232A true CA1256232A (en)	1989-06-20

Family

ID=27410420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA000432498A Expired CA1256232A (en)	1982-07-22	1983-07-15	Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminum

Country Status (8)

Country	Link
JP (1)	JPS59501671A (ja)
AU (1)	AU571186B2 (ja)
CA (1)	CA1256232A (ja)
ES (2)	ES524394A0 (ja)
MX (1)	MX159936A (ja)
NZ (1)	NZ204983A (ja)
SU (1)	SU1554769A3 (ja)
WO (1)	WO1984000566A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
WO1985003532A1 (en) *	1984-02-03	1985-08-15	Commonwealth Aluminum Corporation	Refractory hard metal containing plates for aluminum cell cathodes
US4582553A (en) *	1984-02-03	1986-04-15	Commonwealth Aluminum Corporation	Process for manufacture of refractory hard metal containing plates for aluminum cell cathodes
DE3885943D1 (de) *	1987-06-16	1994-01-13	Ucar Carbon Tech	Verfahren zur Versieglung von Kohlenstoff- und Graphitoberflächen.
US5019426A (en) *	1987-06-16	1991-05-28	Union Carbide Corporation	Topical treatment for sealing carbon and graphite surfaces
US5002981A (en) *	1988-12-07	1991-03-26	Ucar Carbon Technology Corporation	High strength carbonaceous cement
US6475358B2 (en) *	2000-02-16	2002-11-05	Alcan International Limited	Method for providing a protective coating for carbonaceous components of an electrolysis cell
RU2401885C1 (ru) *	2009-03-23	2010-10-20	Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский федеральный университет"	Способ защиты катодного устройства алюминиевого электролизера
JP5554117B2 (ja) *	2010-03-30	2014-07-23	日本電極株式会社	アルミニウム精錬用カソードカーボンブロック及びその製造方法
CN114457383B (zh) *	2022-02-28	2023-05-23	山西亮宇炭素有限公司	一种环保型铝电解槽用阴极捣固糊
CN115961310B (zh) *	2023-01-31	2023-12-12	中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司	一种二硼化钛可润湿阴极
CN116789921A (zh) *	2023-05-23	2023-09-22	利津荣达新材料有限公司	预焙阳极结合剂的制备方法
EP4733288A1 (en)	2024-10-24	2026-04-29	Dubai Aluminium PJSC	Process for enhancing cathode lifetime in electrolytic cells for the hall-héroult process

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE1251962B (de) *	1963-11-21	1967-10-12	The British Aluminium Company Limited, London	Kathode fur eine Elektrolysezelle zur Herstellung von Aluminium und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
US3441529A (en) *	1966-11-16	1969-04-29	Union Carbide Corp	Carbonaceous cement
US3661736A (en) *	1969-05-07	1972-05-09	Olin Mathieson	Refractory hard metal composite cathode aluminum reduction cell
US4042656A (en) *	1975-04-21	1977-08-16	Vladimir Petrovich Chviruk	Graphite-base filling material for the decomposition of alkali metal amalgams and method of producing same
US4179345A (en) *	1979-02-26	1979-12-18	Aluminum Company Of America	Controlled wettability graphite electrodes for selective use in electrolysis cells
US4308114A (en) *	1980-07-21	1981-12-29	Aluminum Company Of America	Electrolytic production of aluminum using a composite cathode
US4308115A (en) *	1980-08-15	1981-12-29	Aluminum Company Of America	Method of producing aluminum using graphite cathode coated with refractory hard metal
US4376029A (en) *	1980-09-11	1983-03-08	Great Lakes Carbon Corporation	Titanium diboride-graphite composits

1983
- 1983-07-15 CA CA000432498A patent/CA1256232A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-20 JP JP58502662A patent/JPS59501671A/ja active Granted
- 1983-07-20 WO PCT/US1983/001095 patent/WO1984000566A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-07-20 AU AU18808/83A patent/AU571186B2/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-21 NZ NZ204983A patent/NZ204983A/en unknown
- 1983-07-21 MX MX198119A patent/MX159936A/es unknown
- 1983-07-22 ES ES524394A patent/ES524394A0/es active Granted
1984
- 1984-03-21 SU SU843715907A patent/SU1554769A3/ru active
1985
- 1985-01-11 ES ES539499A patent/ES539499A0/es active Granted

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
WO1984000566A1 (en)	1984-02-16
JPH039195B2 (ja)	1991-02-07
ES8602156A1 (es)	1985-11-16
AU1880883A (en)	1984-02-23
AU571186B2 (en)	1988-04-14
ES8504970A1 (es)	1985-04-16
NZ204983A (en)	1986-08-08
MX159936A (es)	1989-10-06
ES539499A0 (es)	1985-11-16
ES524394A0 (es)	1985-04-16
JPS59501671A (ja)	1984-10-04
SU1554769A3 (ru)	1990-03-30

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2006-06-20	MKEX	Expiry

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4466996A (en)	1984-08-21	Aluminum cell cathode coating method
US4624766A (en)	1986-11-25	Aluminum wettable cathode material for use in aluminum reduction cell
US4544469A (en)	1985-10-01	Aluminum cell having aluminum wettable cathode surface
US4582553A (en)	1986-04-15	Process for manufacture of refractory hard metal containing plates for aluminum cell cathodes
US4526911A (en)	1985-07-02	Aluminum cell cathode coating composition
US4481052A (en)	1984-11-06	Method of making refractory hard metal containing tiles for aluminum cell cathodes
US4466995A (en)	1984-08-21	Control of ledge formation in aluminum cell operation
CA1256232A (en)	1989-06-20	Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminum
EP0102186B1 (en)	1987-12-23	Improved cell for electrolytic production of aluminum
EP0083654B1 (en)	1987-10-21	Refractory hard material-carbon fiber cathode coatings for aluminum reduction cells
EP0085093A4 (en)	1984-04-27	HARD SINTERED REFRACTORY METALS.
NZ204984A (en)	1986-03-14	A method for producing a wettable cathode surface for an aluminium reduction cell
NZ211026A (en)	1988-04-29	Refractory hard material-containing plates for aluminium cell cathodes
EP0705233A1 (en)	1996-04-10	Binder systems
NO172451B (no)	1993-04-13	Celle for elektrolytisk reduksjon av aluminiumoksyd, beleggmateriale og katode for slik celle samt fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av katodeoverflatemateriale for denne
NO162731B (no)	1989-10-30	Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av en aluminiumfuktbar katodeoverflate.
NO853813L (no)	1985-09-27	Ildfaste h rdmetallholdige plater for aluminiumcellr.
AU8826882A (en)	1983-03-17	Sintered refractory hard metals
NO172654B (no)	1993-05-10	Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av et aluminiumfuktbart element, saerlig en aluminiumreduksjonscelle-katodeoverflate