CH147710A - Process for the production of a plastic, highly explosive mixture of pentaerythritol tetranitrate with liquid nitric acid esters of polyhydric alcohols with the addition of collodion wool and a stabilizing and phlegmatizing agent, suitable for bullet and detonation fuses. - Google Patents
Process for the production of a plastic, highly explosive mixture of pentaerythritol tetranitrate with liquid nitric acid esters of polyhydric alcohols with the addition of collodion wool and a stabilizing and phlegmatizing agent, suitable for bullet and detonation fuses.Info
- Publication number
- CH147710A CH147710A CH147710DA CH147710A CH 147710 A CH147710 A CH 147710A CH 147710D A CH147710D A CH 147710DA CH 147710 A CH147710 A CH 147710A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- nitric acid
- production
- acid esters
- polyhydric alcohols
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 title claims 2
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 229960004321 pentaerithrityl tetranitrate Drugs 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000026 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 nitric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound O=N(=O)OCCON(=O)=O UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N centralite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CC)C(=O)N(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/32—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrated pentaerythritol
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Zusatzpatent zum Hauptpatent Nr. 137476. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines plastischen, hochbrisanten Gemisches von Pentaersthrittetranitrat mit flüssigen. Salpetersäureestern mehrwertiger Alkohole unter Zusatz von Collodiumwolle und eines Stabilisier- und Phlegmatisiermittels, geeignet für Geschoss- und Detonationszündschnurfüllungen. Bei der weiteren Ausarbeitung des als Hauptpatent unter Nr. 137476 eingetragenen Verfahrens hat sich gezeigt, dass es für be sondere Zwecke erwünscht sein kann,
dem plastischen Gemisch von kristallinischem Pen- taerythrittetranitrat mit flüssigen aliphati- schen Salpetersäureestern mehrwertiger Al kohole, wie Nitroglyzerin, Dinitroglykol oder einem Gemenge beider seinen öligen Charak ter durch einen Zusatz von 0,5 bis 8 % Collo- diumwolle, bezogen auf den flüssigen Nitrat anteil, ganz oder teilweise zu nehmen.
Zweckmässig wird hierbei die Collodium- wolle erst mit den flüssigen Salpetersäure- estern bis zur völligen Durchtränkung ver setzt und das Ganze dann kalt oder erwärmt, vorgequollen oder fertig gelatiniert, mit dem pulverigen Nitropentaerythrit verknetet.
Setzt man vor der Gelatinierung noch ein Stabilisiermittel, wie zum Beispiel Cen- tralit oder Urethan zu, so erlangt das unter dem Namen Penthrinit bekannt gew ordene Gemisch eine unbegrenzte Lagerbeständig keit;
gleichzeitig wird die Sprengmasse pla stisch zäher und damit weniger schlagemp findlich, namentlich wenn man mit dem Sta- bilisiermittel eine in aliphatischen Salpeter säureestern ebenfalls lösliche Verbindung, wie zum Beispiel Kampher, verwendet. Ein derartiges Gelatine-Penthrinit unterscheidet sich von der bekannten Sprenggelatine und allen andern Spezial-Sprenggelatinen da durch, dass es nicht altert, das heisst seine ungewöhnliche Detonationsgeschwindigkeit für jede Lagerdauer unvermindert beibehält.
Das Laden von Geschossen, Aerobomben, Handgranaten, Minen usw. kann je nach dem beabsichtigten Zwecke vor oder nach der Quellung geschehen. Wird zum Beispiel kalt gepresst, so erfolgt die Gelatinierung lang sam und vervollständigt sich, je nach der Tagestemperatur und des Nitroglykolanteils, innerhalb weniger Stunden bis Wochen.
Aber auch bei vollständiger Gelatinierung bleibt die Bildung jenes durch die Löslich keitsverhältnisse der einzelnen Ester gege benen Eutektikums bestehen, welches die Schlag- und auch d'e Choc-Empfindlichkeit beim Schuss unter die Empfindlichkeit der einzelnen Bestandteile herabmindert. Der Vor teil der Collodiumbehandlung liegt haupt sächlich darin, dass der flüssige Anteil im Penthrinit bei höheren Pressungen von 400 bis 500 kg/cm\ aufwärts nicht mehr austritt.
Als Beispiel sei eine Mischung von 5 bis 95 % Pentaerythrittetranitrat mit 95 bis 5 % eines schwer gefrierbaren Gemenges von 75 Nitroglyzerin und 25 % Nitroglykol, in wel chem als Stabilisiermittel erst 3 bis 0,1 Centralit oder Urethan gelöst und dann kalt oder warm 8 bis 0,1 % Collodiumwolle einverleibt wurden, genannt. Für die weitere Herabsetzung der Schlagempfindlichkeit wird ferner als eigentliches Phlegmatisier- mittel Kampher bis zu 6 % vor der Gelati- nierung zugesetzt.
Additional patent to the main patent No. 137476. Process for the production of a plastic, highly explosive mixture of pentaersthritol tetranitrate with liquid. Nitric acid esters of polyvalent alcohols with the addition of collodion wool and a stabilizing and phlegmatizing agent, suitable for filling bullets and detonation fuses. In the further elaboration of the process registered as the main patent under No. 137476 it has been shown that it can be desirable for special purposes,
the plastic mixture of crystalline pentaerythritol tetranitrate with liquid aliphatic nitric acid esters of polyvalent alcohols such as nitroglycerine, dinitroglycol or a mixture of both its oily character by adding 0.5 to 8% colodium wool, based on the liquid nitrate content to take in whole or in part.
It is advisable to first add the liquid nitric acid esters to the collodion wool until it is completely saturated and then knead the whole thing cold or heated, pre-swollen or gelatinized and kneaded with the powdery nitropentaerythritol.
If a stabilizer, such as Centralit or urethane, is added before gelatinization, the mixture known under the name of penthrinite has an unlimited shelf life;
At the same time, the explosive becomes more viscous and therefore less sensitive to impact, especially if a compound that is also soluble in aliphatic nitric acid esters, such as camphor, is used with the stabilizing agent. Such a gelatine penthrinite differs from the known explosive gelatine and all other special explosive gelatins in that it does not age, that is, it retains its unusual detonation speed for any storage period.
The loading of projectiles, aerobombs, hand grenades, mines, etc. can be done before or after swelling, depending on the intended purpose. If, for example, cold-pressing is used, gelatinization takes place slowly and, depending on the daytime temperature and the nitroglycol content, completes within a few hours to weeks.
But even with complete gelatinization, the formation of the eutectic given by the solubility ratios of the individual esters remains, which reduces the impact and also d'e Choc sensitivity when shooting below the sensitivity of the individual components. The main advantage of the collodion treatment is that the liquid part of the penthrinite no longer escapes at higher pressures of 400 to 500 kg / cm \ upwards.
As an example, a mixture of 5 to 95% pentaerythritol tetranitrate with 95 to 5% of a difficult-to-freeze mixture of 75% nitroglycerin and 25% nitroglycol, in which 3 to 0.1 centralite or urethane is dissolved as a stabilizing agent and then 8 to hot or cold 0.1% collodion wool were incorporated. To further reduce the impact sensitivity, camphor is also added as the actual phlegmatizer up to 6% before gelation.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH137476T | 1930-05-27 | ||
| CH147710T | 1930-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH147710A true CH147710A (en) | 1931-06-15 |
Family
ID=25712995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH147710D CH147710A (en) | 1930-05-27 | 1930-05-27 | Process for the production of a plastic, highly explosive mixture of pentaerythritol tetranitrate with liquid nitric acid esters of polyhydric alcohols with the addition of collodion wool and a stabilizing and phlegmatizing agent, suitable for bullet and detonation fuses. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH147710A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1156689B (en) * | 1958-09-25 | 1963-10-31 | Du Pont | Self-supporting explosives mixture that can be deformed into foils and other structures |
-
1930
- 1930-05-27 CH CH147710D patent/CH147710A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1156689B (en) * | 1958-09-25 | 1963-10-31 | Du Pont | Self-supporting explosives mixture that can be deformed into foils and other structures |
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