CH266358A - Process for the production of long-lasting extracts from plant material. - Google Patents
Process for the production of long-lasting extracts from plant material.Info
- Publication number
- CH266358A CH266358A CH266358DA CH266358A CH 266358 A CH266358 A CH 266358A CH 266358D A CH266358D A CH 266358DA CH 266358 A CH266358 A CH 266358A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- plant material
- extracts
- concentration
- lasting
- production
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000896693 Disa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/24—Extraction of coffee; Coffee extracts; Making instant coffee
- A23F5/26—Extraction of water soluble constituents
- A23F5/267—Extraction of water soluble constituents using additives, specific extraction media or specific coffee blends
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/46—Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
- A23F5/48—Isolation or recuperation of coffee flavour or coffee oil
- A23F5/486—Isolation or recuperation of coffee flavour or coffee oil by distillation from beans that are ground or not ground, e.g. stripping; Recovering volatile gases, e.g. roaster or grinder gases
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung haltbarer Extrakte aus Pflanzenmaterial. Es sind eine grosse Zahl von Verfahren zur Hersteltrmg von Extrakten aus pflanzlichen Stoffen bekannt.. Die bekannten Verfahren weisen jedoch im wesent.liehen folgende Nach teile auf 1.. Die äusserst kompliziert zusamrnengesetz- ten und teilweise sehr empfindlichen, pflanz lichen Inhaltsstoffe erleiden bei der Extrak tion und Konzentration zum Teil wesentliche, Veränderungen.
2. Die pflanzlichen Inhaltsstoffe können nach den bekannten Verfahren nicht voll er fasst. werden und es ergeben sieh Verluste durch ungenügendes Eindringen des Extrak tionsmittels in das Pflanzenmaterial und durch Verdampfen bei der Konzentration.
3. Die na,elr bekannten Verfahren her gestellten Extrakte sind ungenügend haltbar, erleiden leicht Zersetznmgen durch Tempera tur, Luft. Lieht, Feuchtigkeit oder hlikr#oorga- nisnren; sie neigen ferner zum Trübwerden und verlieren beim Lagern die Löslichkeit.. Ein nachträgliches Konservieren durch Che mikalien kann unerwünschte Nebenreaktionen zur Folge haben und die Qualität schädigen.
Das Verfahren nach vorliegender Erfin dung, welches die Beseitigung der genannten -Mängel hezweckt. ist. dadurch gekennzeichnet., dass man das Pflanzenmaterial röstet, die beim Rösten entweichenden Aromastoffe mit Hilfe eines Sacclraricls auffängt,
das geröstete Pflan zenmaterial mit einer das Saccharid und die aufgefangenen Aromastoffe enthaltenden wäs- serigen Lösung- bei einer Temperatur zwischen 40 und SO" extrahiert und den Extrakt bei nicht über 60 auf mindestens 10'B6 eindickt.
Es hat sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, dass die sub 1 und 3 genannten Veränderungen auf diese Weise ganz oder doch grösstenteils ver mieden werden können und da.ss die Extrak tion mit Leichtigkeit und vollständig und die Konzentration des Extraktes ohne Verlust vorn Aromastoffen erfolgen kann.
Man verwendet zweckmässig Aionosaecharide oder Disaeeharide mit. Monokarbon-,#rlbindung. Dass Eindicken aiur mindestens 10 B6 ist notwendig, weil Extrakte niedriger Dichte nur eine begrenzte Haltbar keit zeigen. Die nach diesem Verfahren her gestellten Extrakte sind beständig, trüben nicht nach und behalten ihre Wasserlöslichkeit bei; überdies sind sie gegenüber äussern Ein flüssen ausserordentlich widerstandsfähig.
Es ist möglich, dass sieh in gewissen Pä:llen zwi schen einzelnen pflanzlichen Extraktivstoffen und den Sacchariden chemische Reaktionen abspielen.
<I>Beispiel:</I> 120 kg Rohkaffee werden geröstet. Sobald Aronrastoffe entweichen, lässt man die Röst- gase durch 30 kg trockene 31altose (oder eine 30, oigve llaltoselösung in Wasser) passieren. Nach dem Rösten verbleiben noch etwa 100 kg Kaffee;
diese werden mit 300 Liter einer 10%igen Maltoselösung, erhalten durch Auf lösen der verwendeten Maltose in Wasser bzw. durch Verdünnen der 3070i,-,en Lösung, wäh rend 3 Stunden bei 60 im geschlossenen Kes sel extrahiert. Dann wird al),gepresst rund mit wenig Wasser von 80 ein zweites Mal extra hiert.
Die Flüssigkeiten werden bei 55 im Vakuum auf mindestens 100 B6 eingedickt oder auch zu Trockenpulver versprüht. Man kann auch beide Massnahmen kombinieren. Das Pulver kann zu Tabletten gepresst wer den. Der getrocknete Rückstand wird bei ver minderter Luftmüuhr auf Aktivkohle ver arbeitet. Es resultiert eine äusserst feinporige kohle von grossem Absorptionsvermögen und ausserordentlicher Reinheit.
An Stelle von Mattase können auch Traubenzucker oder 1Ii- schungen von Traubenzucker mit Maltose ver- wen Jet werden. Allgemein kommen vor allem iNIonosa,eeharide oder Disaecharide oder 14Ii- schungen beider in Betracht, wobei die Di- saccharide zweckmässig iUonokarbonylbindurrg aaif-%i,eisen.
Process for the production of long-lasting extracts from plant material. A large number of processes for the production of extracts from plant substances are known. The known processes, however, essentially have the following disadvantages: Extraction and concentration changes, some of which are substantial.
2. The herbal ingredients cannot be fully grasped by the known methods. and there are losses due to insufficient penetration of the extraction agent into the plant material and due to evaporation during concentration.
3. The extracts produced in the well-known processes are insufficiently durable and easily suffer from decomposition due to temperature and air. Lies, moisture, or hlikr # oorganisnren; they also tend to become cloudy and lose their solubility on storage. Subsequent preservation by chemicals can result in undesirable side reactions and damage the quality.
The method according to the present invention, which aims to eliminate the mentioned deficiencies. is. characterized in that the plant material is roasted, the flavoring substances escaping during roasting are caught with the help of a saccharicl,
the roasted plant material is extracted with an aqueous solution containing the saccharide and the captured aroma substances at a temperature between 40 and 50 "and the extract is thickened at not more than 60 to at least 10'B6.
Surprisingly, it has been shown that the changes mentioned in sub 1 and 3 can be completely or largely avoided in this way and that the extraction can be carried out easily and completely and the concentration of the extract without loss of flavoring substances.
It is useful to use Aionosaecharide or Disaeeharide with. Monocarbon, # binding. Thickening of at least 10 B6 is necessary because low-density extracts only have a limited shelf life. The extracts produced by this process are stable, do not cloud and retain their water solubility; In addition, they are extremely resistant to external influences.
It is possible that, in certain cases, chemical reactions take place between individual plant extractives and the saccharides.
<I> Example: </I> 120 kg of green coffee are roasted. As soon as the aron substances escape, the roasting gases are allowed to pass through 30 kg of dry 31altose (or a 30, oigve llaltose solution in water). About 100 kg of coffee remain after roasting;
these are extracted with 300 liters of a 10% maltose solution, obtained by dissolving the maltose used in water or by diluting the 3070i, -, en solution for 3 hours at 60 in a closed kettle. Then al), pressed round with a little water of 80, is pressed a second time.
The liquids are thickened at 55 in a vacuum to at least 100 B6 or sprayed into dry powder. You can also combine both measures. The powder can be compressed into tablets. The dried residue is processed on activated charcoal with reduced air pressure. The result is an extremely fine-pored carbon of great absorption capacity and extraordinary purity.
Dextrose or mixtures of dextrose with maltose can also be used instead of Mattase. Jet. In general, iNionosa, eeharide or disaecharide or mixtures of both come into consideration, the disaccharides expediently being iUonocarbonylbindurrg aaif-% i, iron.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH266358T | 1945-03-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH266358A true CH266358A (en) | 1950-01-31 |
Family
ID=4476062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH266358D CH266358A (en) | 1945-03-31 | 1945-03-31 | Process for the production of long-lasting extracts from plant material. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH266358A (en) |
-
1945
- 1945-03-31 CH CH266358D patent/CH266358A/en unknown
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