CN102995004B - Laser Induced Metal Surface Composite TiC Strengthening Method Using TiO2 and Methane as Components - Google Patents
Laser Induced Metal Surface Composite TiC Strengthening Method Using TiO2 and Methane as Components Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001087029 Chironomus tentans 60S ribosomal protein L15 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001097774 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 40S ribosomal protein S21-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001097805 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 40S ribosomal protein S21-B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000724270 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 60S ribosomal protein L15-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000724281 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 60S ribosomal protein L15-B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102200133015 rs2234916 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220041874 rs587780791 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102200082901 rs713040 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220060547 rs786203080 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
以TiO2和甲烷为组元的激光诱导金属表层复合TiC强化方法，本发明涉及金属表面的强化技术领域。在金属表面涂敷TiO2粉末，在甲烷的氛围中，用激光束在涂敷TiO2粉末的金属表面进行扫描。通过以上方法可以在金属表层原位复合生成TiC，实现对金属表面的强化与提高耐磨性。A laser-induced metal surface layer composite TiC strengthening method with TiO2 and methane as components, the invention relates to the technical field of metal surface strengthening. Coat TiO 2 powder on the metal surface, scan the metal surface coated with TiO 2 powder with laser beam in methane atmosphere. Through the above method, TiC can be compounded in situ on the metal surface, so as to strengthen the metal surface and improve the wear resistance.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及金属表面的强化技术领域。 The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface strengthening.
背景技术 Background technique
碳化钛（TiC)是典型的过渡金属碳化物，键型由离子键、共价键和金属键混合在同一晶体结构中，熔点高达3160℃。作为表面涂层，TiC具有高硬度、高熔点、耐磨损、高温抗氧化等优良的综合力学性能，是目前研究和应用最为广泛的薄膜材料之一。 Titanium carbide (TiC) is a typical transition metal carbide, the bond type is mixed in the same crystal structure by ionic bonds, covalent bonds and metal bonds, and its melting point is as high as 3160 °C. As a surface coating, TiC has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties such as high hardness, high melting point, wear resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance. It is one of the most widely researched and applied thin film materials at present.
TiC涂层的制备技术目前主要是化学气相沉积(CVD) 和物理气相沉积（PVD）。CVD法沉积温度高，超过了绝大多数钢材的热处理温度，并且CVD 以氯化物为原料，需要一套提供制备含Ti 卤化物气体的设备，工艺复杂，成本较高，与目前提倡的绿色工业相抵触。PVD 法形成温度较低、涂层较薄，与基体的结合强度低，涂层易于从基底剥落，且绕镀性较差。 The preparation technologies of TiC coating are mainly chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD). The deposition temperature of the CVD method is high, which exceeds the heat treatment temperature of most steel materials, and CVD uses chlorides as raw materials, and requires a set of equipment for preparing Ti-containing halide gases. The process is complicated and the cost is high, which is different from the currently advocated green industry contradict. The PVD method has a lower formation temperature, a thinner coating, and a lower bonding strength with the substrate. The coating is easy to peel off from the substrate, and the coating is poor.
不论是CVD法还是PVD法，所获得的TiC涂层都较薄，厚度只有几个微米（μm），并且涂层与基体是机械结合，结合面强度低，使用中涂层易发生剥落。 Regardless of the CVD method or the PVD method, the TiC coating obtained is relatively thin, with a thickness of only a few microns (μm), and the coating is mechanically bonded to the substrate, and the strength of the bonding surface is low, and the coating is prone to peeling off during use.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的旨在提供一种以TiO2和甲烷为组元的激光诱导金属表层复合TiC强化方法，可以使金属表面层原位复合生成TiC，从而对金属表面进行强化与提高耐磨性。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser-induced metal surface composite TiC strengthening method with TiO2 and methane as components, which can make the metal surface layer composite in situ to generate TiC, thereby strengthening the metal surface and improving wear resistance.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的： The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
在金属表面涂敷TiO2粉末，在甲烷的氛围中，用激光束在涂敷TiO2粉末的金属表面进行扫描。 Coat TiO 2 powder on the metal surface, scan the metal surface coated with TiO 2 powder with laser beam in methane atmosphere.
通过以上方法可以在金属表层原位复合生成TiC，实现对金属表面的强化与提高耐磨性。 Through the above method, TiC can be compounded in situ on the metal surface, so as to strengthen the metal surface and improve the wear resistance.
本发明具有以下优点： The present invention has the following advantages:
1、TiC是在金属表层原位复合生成，而不是在表面沉积，因此不存在涂层与基体的结合力问题； 1. TiC is formed in situ on the surface of the metal, rather than deposited on the surface, so there is no problem of bonding between the coating and the substrate;
2、原位复合有TiC的金属表层厚度可达500至600微米，显微硬度可达HV2600至HV2700以上，因此即使表面在使用过程中有微磨损，仍然具有很好的硬度和耐磨性； 2. The thickness of the metal surface compounded with TiC in situ can reach 500 to 600 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV2600 to HV2700, so even if the surface is slightly worn during use, it still has good hardness and wear resistance;
3、反应组元为TiO2和甲烷，以激光为能量源，不会对环境造成任何污染，是一种环保的金属表面强化与耐磨方法。 3. The reaction components are TiO 2 and methane, and the laser is used as the energy source, which will not cause any pollution to the environment. It is an environmentally friendly metal surface strengthening and wear-resistant method.
另，本发明所述TiO2为工业纯TiO2，在金属表面涂敷的所述TiO2粉末厚度为1.5～2毫米。 In addition, the TiO 2 in the present invention is industrial pure TiO 2 , and the thickness of the TiO 2 powder coated on the metal surface is 1.5-2 mm.
所述甲烷的流量为14～16L/min。 The flow rate of the methane is 14-16 L/min.
所述激光束的扫描速度为400～600mm/min，激光功率为700～1200W，激光波长为1.06μm或10. 6μm，光斑直径为2～3毫米。 The scanning speed of the laser beam is 400-600 mm/min, the laser power is 700-1200 W, the laser wavelength is 1.06 μm or 10.6 μm, and the spot diameter is 2-3 mm.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
一、对Q235A、20钢、40钢、45钢、20G、20Mn、40Mn和60Mn碳素结构钢分别进行表面处理： 1. Surface treatment of Q235A, 20 steel, 40 steel, 45 steel, 20G, 20Mn, 40Mn and 60Mn carbon structural steel:
1、在碳素结构钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 powder on the surface of carbon structural steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为14L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 14L/min;
3、激光光束以500mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为900W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 500mm/min, the laser power is 900W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、经检测结果，在碳素结构钢表层原位复合生成厚度可达500微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2600以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 500 microns is formed in situ on the surface of carbon structural steel, and the microhardness can reach above HV2600.
二、对20MnV、40Cr、35CrMoV和20CrMnSi合金结构钢分别进行表面处理： 2. Surface treatment of 20MnV, 40Cr, 35CrMoV and 20CrMnSi alloy structural steel respectively:
1、在合金结构钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Coating industrial pure TiO 2 powder on the surface of alloy structural steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为14L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 14L/min;
3、激光光束以400mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为700W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 400mm/min, the laser power is 700W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、经检测结果，在合金结构钢表层原位复合生成厚度可达500微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2650以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 500 microns is formed in situ on the surface of the alloy structural steel, and the microhardness can reach above HV2650.
三、对65Mn、60Si2Mn和50CrVA弹簧钢分别进行表面处理： 3. Surface treatment of 65Mn, 60Si2Mn and 50CrVA spring steel respectively:
1、在弹簧钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为2毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 powder on the surface of spring steel, with a thickness of 2mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为16L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 16L/min;
3、激光光束以600mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为800W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 600mm/min, the laser power is 800W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、经检测结果，在弹簧钢表层原位复合生成厚度可达500微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2700以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 500 microns is formed in situ on the surface of the spring steel, and the microhardness can reach above HV2700.
四、对T8A、T9A 、T10A、T11A、9SiCr、Cr12MoV和3Cr2Mo工具钢分别进行表面处理： 4. Surface treatment of T8A, T9A, T10A, T11A, 9SiCr, Cr12MoV and 3Cr2Mo tool steels respectively:
1、在工具钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 powder on the surface of tool steel, with a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为14L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 14L/min;
3、激光光束以400mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1000W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 400mm/min, the laser power is 1000W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、经检测结果，在工具钢表层原位复合生成厚度可达500微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2700以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 500 microns is formed in situ on the surface of the tool steel, and the microhardness can reach above HV2700.
五、对W18Cr4V、W6Mo5Cr4V2和W6Mo5Cr4V2Al高速钢分别进行表面处理： 5. Surface treatment of W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W6Mo5Cr4V2Al high-speed steel:
1、在高速钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Coat the surface of high-speed steel with industrial pure TiO 2 powder, with a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为16L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 16L/min;
3、激光光束以500mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1100W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 500mm/min, the laser power is 1100W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、经检测结果，在高速钢表层原位复合生成厚度可达600微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2700以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 600 microns is formed in situ on the surface of the high-speed steel, and the microhardness can reach above HV2700.
六、对YG3X、YG6X、YK15、YG20、YT15、YS25、YW1、YW2和YL10硬质合金分别进行表面处理： 6. Surface treatment of YG3X, YG6X, YK15, YG20, YT15, YS25, YW1, YW2 and YL10 cemented carbide respectively:
1、在硬质合金表面敷以工业纯TiO2粉末，厚度为2毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 powder on the surface of cemented carbide with a thickness of 2 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以甲烷，甲烷流量为16L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, methane is passed through, and the flow rate of methane is 16L/min;
3、激光光束以600mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1200W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 600mm/min, the laser power is 1200W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、经检测结果，在硬质合金表层原位复合生成厚度可达600微米的TiC层，显微硬度可达HV2700以上。 4. According to the test results, a TiC layer with a thickness of up to 600 microns is formed in situ on the surface of the cemented carbide, and the microhardness can reach above HV2700.
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