CN102995011B - Laser-induced metal surface composite TiN strengthening method with TiO2, urea and N2 gas as components - Google Patents
Laser-induced metal surface composite TiN strengthening method with TiO2, urea and N2 gas as components Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001087029 Chironomus tentans 60S ribosomal protein L15 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001097774 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 40S ribosomal protein S21-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001097805 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 40S ribosomal protein S21-B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000724270 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 60S ribosomal protein L15-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000724281 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) 60S ribosomal protein L15-B Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200133015 rs2234916 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220041874 rs587780791 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102200082901 rs713040 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220060547 rs786203080 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及金属表面强化工艺技术领域。 The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface strengthening technology.
背景技术 Background technique
氮化钛（TiN)是一种非计量化合物，同时具有金属晶体和共价晶体的特点，熔点高达2955℃。作为表面涂层，TiN具有高硬度、耐磨损、耐高温、抗热震、摩擦系数低等优良的综合力学性能，是目前研究和应用最为广泛的薄膜材料之一。TiN作为涂层成功地应用于刀具、钻头等工具上，被认为是金属切削刀具技术发展史上的一次革命。 Titanium nitride (TiN) is a non-stoichiometric compound, which has the characteristics of both metal crystals and covalent crystals, with a melting point as high as 2955°C. As a surface coating, TiN has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, and low friction coefficient. It is one of the most widely researched and applied thin film materials at present. TiN has been successfully applied to tools such as cutting tools and drills as a coating, and is considered to be a revolution in the history of metal cutting tool technology development.
TiN涂层的制备技术目前主要是物理气相沉积（PVD）和化学气相沉积(CVD)。PVD 法形成温度较低、涂层较薄，与基体的结合强度低，涂层易于从基底剥落，且绕镀性较差。CVD法沉积温度高，但超过了绝大多数常用刀具材料的热处理温度，因而可用来进行镀层的刀具材料种类极为有限；其次，CVD 以氯化物为原料，需要一套提供制备含Ti 卤化物气体的设备，工艺复杂，成本较高，与目前提倡的绿色工业相抵触。 The preparation technologies of TiN coating are mainly physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The PVD method has a lower formation temperature, a thinner coating, and a lower bonding strength with the substrate. The coating is easy to peel off from the substrate, and the coating is poor. The deposition temperature of the CVD method is high, but it exceeds the heat treatment temperature of most commonly used tool materials, so the types of tool materials that can be used for coating are extremely limited; Advanced equipment, complicated process and high cost conflict with the green industry currently advocated.
不论是PVD法还是CVD法，所获得的TiN涂层都较薄，厚度只有几个微米（μm），并且涂层与基体是机械结合，结合面强度低，使用中涂层易发生剥落。 Regardless of the PVD or CVD method, the TiN coating obtained is relatively thin, with a thickness of only a few microns (μm), and the coating is mechanically bonded to the substrate, and the strength of the bonding surface is low, and the coating is prone to peeling off during use.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的旨在提供一种以TiO2、尿素和N2气体为组元的激光诱导金属表层复合TiN强化方法，可以使金属表面层原位复合生成TiN，从而对金属表面进行强化与提高耐磨性。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser-induced metal surface composite TiN strengthening method with TiO 2 , urea and N 2 gas as components, which can make the metal surface layer composite in situ to form TiN, thereby strengthening and improving the metal surface. abrasion resistance.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的： The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
在金属表面敷以TiO2与尿素的混合粉末，在N2气体氛围中，用激光束在敷TiO2与尿素的混合粉末的金属表面进行扫描。 The mixed powder of TiO 2 and urea is coated on the metal surface, and the laser beam is used to scan the metal surface coated with the mixed powder of TiO 2 and urea in the N 2 gas atmosphere.
通过以上工艺可以在金属表层原位复合生成TiN，实现对金属表面的强化与提高耐磨性。 Through the above process, TiN can be compounded in situ on the metal surface to realize the strengthening of the metal surface and improve the wear resistance.
本发明具有以下优点： The present invention has the following advantages:
1、TiN是在金属表层原位复合生成，而不是在表面沉积，因此不存在涂层与基体的结合力问题； 1. TiN is formed in situ on the surface of the metal, rather than deposited on the surface, so there is no problem of bonding between the coating and the substrate;
2、原位复合有TiN的金属表层厚度可达500至600微米，显微硬度可达HV1700至HV1800以上，因此即使表面在使用过程中有微磨损，仍然具有很好的硬度和耐磨性； 2. The thickness of the metal surface compounded with TiN in situ can reach 500 to 600 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1700 to HV1800, so even if the surface is slightly worn during use, it still has good hardness and wear resistance;
3、反应组元为TiO2、尿素和N2气体，以激光为能量源，不会对环境造成任何污染，是一种环保的金属表面强化与耐磨方法。 3. The reaction components are TiO 2 , urea and N 2 gas, and the laser is used as the energy source, which will not cause any pollution to the environment. It is an environmentally friendly metal surface strengthening and wear-resistant method.
另外，本发明所述TiO2为工业纯TiO2，所述工业纯TiO2与尿素的混合质量比为6:4。 In addition, the TiO 2 in the present invention is industrial pure TiO 2 , and the mixing mass ratio of the industrial pure TiO 2 to urea is 6:4.
还可根据不同的金属材质，选择以下不同的各参数： The following parameters can also be selected according to different metal materials:
在所述金属表面涂敷的TiO2与尿素的混合粉末的厚度为1.5～2毫米。 The thickness of the mixed powder of TiO 2 and urea coated on the metal surface is 1.5-2 mm.
N2气体流量为7～11L/min。 The flow rate of N 2 gas is 7~11L/min.
激光束的扫描速度为400～600mm/min，激光功率为700～1200W，激光波长为1.06μm或10. 6μm，光斑直径为2～3毫米。 The scanning speed of the laser beam is 400-600mm/min, the laser power is 700-1200W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm or 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 2-3mm.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
一、对Q235A、20钢、40钢、45钢、20G、20Mn、40Mn和60Mn碳素结构钢分别进行表面处理： 1. Surface treatment of Q235A, 20 steel, 40 steel, 45 steel, 20G, 20Mn, 40Mn and 60Mn carbon structural steel:
1、在碳素结构钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Coat the surface of carbon structural steel with mixed powder of industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO), the mass ratio is 6:4, and the thickness is 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为7L/min； 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 7L/min;
3、激光光束以400mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为900W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 400mm/min, the laser power is 900W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各碳素结构钢原位复合有TiN的厚度可达500微米，显微硬度可达HV1700以上。 Through testing, the thickness of the above-mentioned carbon structural steels compounded with TiN in situ can reach 500 microns, and the microhardness can reach more than HV1700.
二、对20MnV、40Cr、35CrMoV和20CrMnSi合金结构钢分别进行表面处理： 2. Surface treatment of 20MnV, 40Cr, 35CrMoV and 20CrMnSi alloy structural steel respectively:
1、在合金结构钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Coat the surface of alloy structural steel with mixed powder of industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO), the mass ratio is 6:4, and the thickness is 1.5mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为7L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 7L/min;
3、激光光束以400mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为700W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 400mm/min, the laser power is 700W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各合金结构钢原位复合有TiN的厚度可达500微米，显微硬度可达HV1750以上。 Through testing, the thickness of the above alloy structural steels compounded with TiN in situ can reach 500 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1750.
三、对65Mn、60Si2Mn和50CrVA弹簧钢分别进行表面处理： 3. Surface treatment of 65Mn, 60Si2Mn and 50CrVA spring steel respectively:
1、在弹簧钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为2毫米； 1. Coat the surface of spring steel with mixed powder of industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO), the mass ratio is 6:4, and the thickness is 2 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为11L/min； 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 11L/min;
3、激光光束以600mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为800W，激光波长为1.06μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 600mm/min, the laser power is 800W, the laser wavelength is 1.06μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各弹簧钢原位复合有TiN的厚度可达500微米，显微硬度可达HV1800以上。 Through testing, the thickness of the above spring steels compounded with TiN in situ can reach 500 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1800.
四、对T8A、T9A、T10A、T11A、9SiCr、Cr12MoV和3Cr2Mo工具钢分别进行表面处理： 4. Surface treatment of T8A, T9A, T10A, T11A, 9SiCr, Cr12MoV and 3Cr2Mo tool steels respectively:
1、在工具钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO) mixed powder on the surface of the tool steel, with a mass ratio of 6:4 and a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为7L/min； 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 7L/min;
3、激光光束以400mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1000W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 400mm/min, the laser power is 1000W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各工具钢原位复合有TiN的厚度可达500微米，显微硬度可达HV1800以上。 Through testing, the thickness of the above tool steels compounded with TiN in situ can reach 500 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1800.
五、对W18Cr4V、W6Mo5Cr4V2和W6Mo5Cr4V2Al高速钢分别进行表面处理： 5. Surface treatment of W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W6Mo5Cr4V2Al high-speed steel:
1、在高速钢表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为1.5毫米； 1. Coat the surface of high-speed steel with mixed powder of industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO), with a mass ratio of 6:4 and a thickness of 1.5 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为11L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 11L/min;
3、激光光束以500mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1100W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为2毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 500mm/min, the laser power is 1100W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 2mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各高速钢原位复合有TiN的厚度可达600微米，显微硬度可达HV1800以上。 Through testing, the thickness of the above high-speed steels compounded with TiN in situ can reach 600 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1800.
六、对YG3X、YG6X、YK15、YG20、YT15、YS25、YW1、YW2和YL10硬质合金分别进行表面处理： 6. Surface treatment of YG3X, YG6X, YK15, YG20, YT15, YS25, YW1, YW2 and YL10 cemented carbide respectively:
1、在硬质合金表面敷以工业纯TiO2与尿素（(NH2)2CO）混合粉末，其质量比为6:4，厚度为2毫米； 1. Apply industrial pure TiO 2 and urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO) mixed powder on the surface of the cemented carbide, with a mass ratio of 6:4 and a thickness of 2 mm;
2、随激光光斑移动，通以氮气，氮气流量为11L/min; 2. With the movement of the laser spot, nitrogen gas is passed through, and the flow rate of nitrogen gas is 11L/min;
3、激光光束以600mm/min速度进行扫描，激光功率为1200W，激光波长为10.6μm，光斑直径为3毫米。 3. The laser beam scans at a speed of 600mm/min, the laser power is 1200W, the laser wavelength is 10.6μm, and the spot diameter is 3mm.
4、检测： 4. Detection:
通过检测，以上各硬质合金原位复合有TiN的厚度可达600微米，显微硬度可达HV1800以上。 Through testing, the in-situ compounded TiN thickness of each of the above cemented carbides can reach 600 microns, and the microhardness can reach above HV1800.
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| CN106868387A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏汇诚机械制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of tough ultra-high manganese steel base TiN steel bonded carbide high |
| CN106868388A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏汇诚机械制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of monikrom cast iron base TiN steel bonded carbide high |
| CN106868386A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏汇诚机械制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of tough medium managese steel base TiC/TiN steel bonded carbide high |
| CN107058901A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏汇诚机械制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-toughness heat-resistant TiC/TiN steel bonded carbide |
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| CN102013476A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-04-13 | 苏州大学 | Method for preparing lithium titanate/titanium nitride composite material |
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