CN110983810A - A kind of high moisture permeability and breathable fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high moisture permeability and breathable fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983810A CN110983810A CN201911386387.8A CN201911386387A CN110983810A CN 110983810 A CN110983810 A CN 110983810A CN 201911386387 A CN201911386387 A CN 201911386387A CN 110983810 A CN110983810 A CN 110983810A
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 IPDI aliphatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/147—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes characterised by the isocyanates used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
- D06N3/0045—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by applying a ready-made foam layer; obtained by compressing, crinkling or crushing a foam layer, e.g. Kaschierverfahren für Schaumschicht
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
- D06N2209/121—Permeability to gases, adsorption
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
- D06N2209/126—Permeability to liquids, absorption
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/28—Artificial leather
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及纺织品领域，具体涉及一种高透湿透气面料及其制备方法。所述制备方法包括步以DMF为溶剂，制备聚氨酯树脂；选择底布，在底布上采用刮刀将聚氨酯树脂刮涂在布面上；刮涂后的布进入水槽浸水，聚氨酯中的DMF溶剂被水置换析出，聚氨酯树脂凝固，形成多孔性皮膜；烘干，经冷却筒冷却，出布。本发明所提供面料制备方法，将干法涂层机台与湿法仿皮革机台的优势相结合，即干法涂层均匀、涂饰量可控性高，湿法涂层工艺的能够将聚氨酯树脂中的溶剂与水交换形成微孔，从而所得涂层面料，用于羽绒服面料时，既达到了防钻绒性，又能保证高透气透湿性，同时还具有防水防风性能，且对底布种类无限制，应用范围广，有效减少了复合贴膜工艺。
The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a highly moisture-permeable and breathable fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing polyurethane resin by using DMF as a solvent; selecting a base cloth, and using a scraper to scrape the polyurethane resin on the cloth surface on the base cloth; Water is replaced and precipitated, and the polyurethane resin solidifies to form a porous film; it is dried, cooled by a cooling cylinder, and the cloth is released. The fabric preparation method provided by the invention combines the advantages of a dry coating machine and a wet imitation leather machine, that is, the dry coating is uniform, the coating amount is highly controllable, and the wet coating process can The solvent in the resin is exchanged with water to form micropores, so that the obtained coated fabric, when used in down jacket fabrics, not only achieves anti-drilling properties, but also ensures high air permeability and moisture permeability, and also has waterproof and windproof performance, and is suitable for the base fabric. Unlimited types and wide application range, effectively reducing the composite filming process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric are important evaluation indexes of materials for clothing, and poor air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric can cause that sweat and steam cannot be discharged in time, and the clothing is stuffy and hot when worn, and the clothing is sticky, so that the comfort is seriously influenced. Particularly, on the fabrics used for down jackets in winter, the down jacket needs to have both down penetration prevention and air and moisture permeability. The method adopted by the existing down jacket fabric for realizing the performances comprises the following steps: 1. coating the fabric, wherein the fabric obtained by the method is windproof, moisture permeable and airtight, and has hard hand feeling; 2. the leather-like wet process is adopted for achieving the ventilation effect, but the method is complex and has higher cost; 3. the surface of the fabric is coated with the film, so that the obtained fabric has good moisture permeability, simple process, poor air permeability and higher cost; 4. the suede prevention is achieved through a calendering process at high temperature and high pressure, but the selection limitation on the base fabric of the fabric is large. Namely, the prior art has limitations in many aspects, and research or production of the high moisture permeable and breathable fabric is limited, and the problem needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric and the preparation method thereof, the high-moisture-permeability breathable down fabric effectively improves the phenomenon that the traditional coating fabric has a non-breathable hand feeling, is deviated from a plate, solves the problem of high complexity and cost of a wet leather-like process, and changes the limitation of selection of a base fabric of the traditional fabric which is calendered at high temperature and high pressure to prevent down, so that the high-cost performance requirement of a consumer is better met.
A preparation method of a high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric comprises the following steps:
step S1: preparing polyurethane resin by taking DMF as a solvent;
step S2: selecting base cloth, and coating the polyurethane resin on the surface of the cloth by adopting a scraper;
step S3: putting the spread cloth into a water tank for soaking, replacing and precipitating a DMF solvent in polyurethane by water, and solidifying polyurethane resin to form a porous membrane;
step S4: drying, cooling by a cooling cylinder, and discharging.
Further, the preparation raw materials of the polyurethane resin comprise IPDI aliphatic isocyanate, neopentyl glycol, isophthalic acid, trimethylolpropane, dimethylformamide and butanone.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the polyurethane resin comprise 35-45 parts of IPDI aliphatic isocyanate, 3-5 parts of neopentyl glycol, 1-3 parts of isophthalic acid, 0.5-2 parts of trimethylolpropane, 25-30 parts of dimethylformamide and 5-10 parts of butanone.
Further, one or more of nano calcium carbonate, nano aluminum oxide and nano zinc oxide are added into the polyurethane resin.
Further, one or more of long-chain fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylamine polyoxyethylene ether are added into the polyurethane resin.
Further, in step S2, the base fabric is stretched 2% to 5% in the weft direction while the resin is being doctored.
Further, in step S4, a five-section oven is used for drying.
Preferably, the first-stage temperature is 70-90 ℃, the second-stage temperature is 100-;
preferably, the drying time is 2-3 min.
Preferably, in the step S2, the thickness of the coating is 0.05-1 mm.
Preferably, in the step S3, the water inlet time of the blade-coated cloth after entering the water tank is 10S-40S.
Preferably, in step S3, the cloth guide rollers in the water tank are divided into two layers, i.e., an upper layer with 3 cloth guide rollers and a lower layer with 4 cloth guide rollers.
The invention also protects the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric prepared by the preparation method, and the fabric has the air permeability of 5.5-7mm/s and the moisture permeability of 5500-6000 g/m2·24h。
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation method of the fabric provided by the invention combines the advantages of a dry coating machine and a wet leather-like machine, namely, the dry coating is uniform, the coating amount is high in controllability, and the wet coating process can exchange the solvent in the polyurethane resin with water to form micropores, so that the coated fabric is obtained. When the down coat fabric is used for down coat fabrics, the down penetration resistance is achieved, the high air permeability and moisture permeability are ensured, meanwhile, the waterproof and windproof performance is realized, the variety of base fabrics is not limited, the application range is wide, and the composite film pasting process is effectively reduced.
2. The polyurethane resin adopted by the coating is innovatively adjusted in preparation process and raw materials, so that the coating is more stable and uniform, strong in film forming property, ageing-resistant and discoloration-resistant, soft, tough and not brittle, and the formed film is controllable in micropores and proper in air permeability after water immersion exchange, but can ensure the penetration resistance; in the coating process, micropores can be formed quickly and uniformly by innovatively adjusting the process, the coating can be formed by quick solidification, the coating has high fastness, the fabric is smooth, and the edge curling is difficult.
3. Compared with the traditional down-proof fabric, the finished fabric product obtained by the invention has soft and smooth hand feeling, is easy to control the thickness of the coating, can be thin or thick, can ensure the original hand feeling of the fabric when being thin, does not influence the original printing, jacquard weave and the like of the fabric, does not have leather feeling, and can meet the requirement of glue pressing and lining for down filling of subsequent ready-made clothes; color paste can be further added into the polyurethane to adjust the same color or different color effect of the front and the back; the fabric is light, thin, soft and breathable, and when the fabric is used as a down fabric, the weight of the down jacket can be effectively reduced, and the down jacket which is light, thin and convenient to store can be manufactured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a machine table adopted in the preparation method of the highly moisture permeable and breathable fabric
The cloth feeding device comprises a cloth feeding device 1, a cloth base 11, a base cloth 2, a coating knife holder 21, a scraper 3, a coagulating groove 31, a cloth guide roller 4, an oven 5, a cooling cylinder 6 and a cloth discharging device.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described in the following detailed description and drawings, which are examples to be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation of the scope of the invention. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
The coating finishing is a surface treatment technology which is used for uniformly coating one or more layers of coating agents such as high molecular compounds and the like on one side or two sides of the surface of the fabric so that the front side and the back side of the fabric can generate different functions. The coating finishing comprises a dry coating and a wet imitation leather coating. The dry coating is to dissolve the coating agent in water or organic solvent, add certain assistant to make coating slurry, directly and uniformly coat the slurry on the fabric by a coater, then heat-dry and bake to evaporate the water and solvent, and the coating agent forms a film on the surface of the fabric through self-cohesion or cross-linking of resin. The dry coating machine is divided into four sections: feeding cloth, coating with a scraper, drying and shaping, discharging cloth, rolling and cropping. The wet coating is to uniformly apply a coating agent to a fabric and then to form a microporous film on the fabric by passing through a water coagulation bath. The wet-process leather-like machine is divided into seven sections: the method comprises the following steps of fabric feeding, pre-dipping, rolling and ironing, rubber roll coating, solidification and washing, pressing and ironing, drying and shaping and fabric discharging.
The existing wet-process leather-like machine is directed at leather-like fabrics, so that the coating is thicker through rubber roll coating, the thickness is difficult to control, the hand feeling of the obtained fabrics is hard, the application range is small, the process is complex, and the cost is higher. The invention combines the advantages of the dry coating process and the wet leather-like process to obtain the preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric with the beneficial effects. The combined preparation machine table of the high moisture permeable and breathable fabric is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a cloth feeding device 1, a coating knife holder 2, a coagulating tank 3, an oven 4, a cooling cylinder 5 and a cloth discharging device 6, wherein a cloth guide roller 31 is further arranged in the coagulating tank. During preparation, the base fabric 11 enters from the fabric feeding device 1, polyurethane resin is scraped and coated at the position of the coating tool apron 2 by a scraper 21, then the base fabric enters the coagulating tank 3 for soaking, exchanging and coagulating, then the base fabric is dried and shaped by the drying oven 4, and finally the base fabric is taken out and rolled or dropped.
A preparation method of a high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric comprises the following steps:
step S1: DMF is used as a solvent to prepare polyurethane resin.
The solidification speed of the fabric is influenced by the excessively high content of DMF, so that the drying and shaping speed is low, the coating surface fastness of the finished fabric is low, and the shrinkage of the fabric coating is large and the fabric is easy to curl due to the excessively low content of DMF. Preferably, DMF is used in an amount of 25% to 30%.
The preparation raw materials of the polyurethane resin comprise IPDI aliphatic isocyanate, neopentyl glycol, isophthalic acid, trimethylolpropane, dimethylformamide and butanone; further preferably, the IPDI aliphatic isocyanate is used in 35-45 parts, neopentyl glycol is used in 3-5 parts, isophthalic acid is 1-3 parts, trimethylolpropane is 0.5-2 parts, DMF25-30 parts and butanone is 5-10 parts.
Further, one or more of nano calcium carbonate, nano aluminum oxide and nano zinc oxide are added into the polyurethane resin, and the preferable addition amount is 0.5-2 parts; furthermore, one or more of long-chain fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and alkylamine polyoxyethylene ether can be added into the polyurethane resin, and the preferable addition amount is 3-5 parts. So as to effectively adjust the film forming property, the micropore size, the density and the permeability.
Furthermore, according to the appearance requirement, an oily pigment can be added into the polyurethane resin to adjust the color of the resin, and the color of the polyurethane resin can be adjusted according to the requirement along with the color of the base fabric of the fabric, so that the effect of consistent color or obvious contrast of double-side color is formed.
After different additives are added into the polyurethane resin used for finishing the coating, the fabric can have various appearances and functionalities.
Step S2: selecting a base fabric, and coating the polyurethane resin on the surface of the cloth by a scraper.
The base fabric can be selected at will, and is preferably made of pongee, nylon, imitation memory, cotton-nylon fabric, nylon fabric or terylene fabric.
The preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric provided by the invention has low requirements on the base fabric, and when the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric is used for the down jacket fabric, compared with the traditional method for obtaining the down-proof effect through fabric calendering, the preparation method has the advantages of no limitation on the process and wide applicability, and can be used for various fabrics, so that the requirements of consumers are better met.
Preferably, when the down coat fabric is used as a down coat fabric, the coating is coated on the reverse side of the base fabric, so that the down prevention effect is better, and the original style of the cloth cover is not influenced.
The existing wet-process leather-like machine is directed at leather-like fabrics, so that the coating is thicker through rubber roll coating, the thickness is difficult to control, the hand feeling of the obtained fabrics is hard, the application range is small, the process is complex, and the cost is higher. According to the invention, the advantages of the dry coating process of coating polyurethane by scraping and coating a scraper and the wet leather-like soaking exchange solidification process are combined, so that the polyurethane is coated uniformly and controllably in thickness, and the porous membrane can be obtained, thereby obtaining the preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric with the beneficial effects.
Preferably, when the thickness of the coating is 0.05-1mm, the down-proof effect and the air permeability and moisture permeability are optimal; soaking the spread cloth in a water tank for 10-40 s; the cloth guide rollers in the water tank are divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the upper layer is preferably 3, and the lower layer is preferably 4.
According to the requirements of the thickness and the uniformity of polyurethane blade coating, in the aspect of selecting the scraper, the hand feeling requirement of a finished product can be seen, the types of the edges can be selected from 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and the like, different scrapers can be selected according to the difference of the required coating weight, a U-shaped cutter is selected for low coating weight, a J-shaped cutter is selected for medium coating weight, and a Shose-shaped cutter is selected for high coating weight. Preferably, in the preparation method provided by the invention, a U-shaped knife is adopted.
Step S3: and (3) putting the spread cloth into a water tank for soaking, replacing and precipitating a DMF solvent in the polyurethane by water, solidifying the polyurethane resin and forming a porous film.
The base fabric coated with the polyurethane dimethylformamide is contacted with an aqueous solution, DMF in the surface of the coating is dissolved out to a water phase, and the polyurethane is not dissolved in water, so that the concentration is rapidly improved, the intermolecular cohesion is increased, and a semi-permeable membrane is formed. Through the semi-permeable membrane, DMF diffuses towards the water, which also diffuses and permeates towards the coating. Traces of DMF elution paths normal to the membrane surface appear at the outermost coating surface, eventually resulting in a microporous film.
Step S4: drying and discharging the cloth, cooling by a cooling cylinder and discharging the cloth.
The drying process can evaporate and evaporate the residual moisture in the micropores, and finally the micropores are left.
Preferably, drying is carried out by an oven, the drying oven comprises a multi-section oven, preferably, a five-section oven is adopted, the temperature of the first section is 70-90 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 100-; the drying time is controlled within 2-3 min. Further, a five-section oven is preferably adopted, wherein the temperature of the first section is 80 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 110 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 140 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 160 ℃, and the temperature of the fifth section is 120 ℃.
The high moisture-permeable breathable fabric prepared by the preparation method of the high moisture-permeable breathable fabric has the air permeability (GB/T5453-1997) of 5.5-7mm/s and the moisture permeability (GB/T5453-1997) of 5500-6000 g/m224h, down penetration resistance (GB/T12705.1-2009), wherein the number of down penetration roots of the fabric warp samples is 0-6, and the number of down penetration roots of the fabric weft samples is 0-4.
Test examples
The fabric obtained according to the preferred embodiment of the above embodiment was tested, and the preferred embodiment for testing was:
step S1: preparing polyurethane resin by using 25% of DMF as a solvent, wherein the polyurethane resin comprises 40 parts of IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate) aliphatic isocyanate, 4 parts of neopentyl glycol, 2 parts of isophthalic acid, 1 part of trimethylolpropane, 28 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 7 parts of butanone, 0.5 part of nano calcium carbonate and 4 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether;
step S2: the base fabric is made of nylon four-side stretch jacquard cloth, polyurethane resin is coated on the surface of the cloth in a scraping mode through a scraper, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1 mm;
step S3: the cloth after blade coating enters a water tank and is soaked for 30s, DMF solvent in polyurethane is replaced and precipitated by water, polyurethane resin is solidified to form a porous membrane, a cloth guide roller in the water tank is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is 3, and the lower layer is 4;
step S4: drying, cooling by a cooling cylinder, and discharging; a5-section drying oven is adopted, the temperature of the first section is 80 ℃, the temperature of the second section is 110 ℃, the temperature of the third section is 140 ℃, the temperature of the fourth section is 160 ℃, the temperature of the fifth section is 120 ℃, and the drying time is 3 min.
The test results and the adopted standards were as follows:
according to the test data, the fabric prepared by the preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability breathable fabric provided by the invention has excellent down penetration resistance and can ensure excellent breathability and moisture permeability. By combining the dry coating process and the wet leather-like process, the obtained fabric has excellent down penetration resistance of the material behind the coating, and is not stuffy when worn, sweat moisture can be timely discharged out of clothes, and the down penetration resistance and the breathability are realized.
Claims (10)
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