CN117802771A - Cotton fabric with one-way moisture absorption and perspiration removal and antibacterial functions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cotton fabric with one-way moisture absorption and perspiration removal and antibacterial functions and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117802771A
CN117802771A CN202311829839.1A CN202311829839A CN117802771A CN 117802771 A CN117802771 A CN 117802771A CN 202311829839 A CN202311829839 A CN 202311829839A CN 117802771 A CN117802771 A CN 117802771A
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cotton fabric
acid
antibacterial functions
metal
oxide
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刘其霞
陈钰
周水霞
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Kaisheng Textile Co ltd
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Kaisheng Textile Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. by ultrasonic waves, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/08—Organic compounds
    • D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D06M11/42—Oxides or hydroxides of copper, silver or gold
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
    • D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions and a preparation method thereof, the cotton fabric comprises cotton fabric grey cloth, hydrophobic polymers are sprayed on an A surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is close to a human body, after surface modification, inorganic metal nano particles are loaded on a B surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is far away from the human body, and the method comprises the following steps: cotton fibers are used as raw materials, and cotton fabric grey cloth is obtained through steps of spinning, weaving and the like; thoroughly cleaning cotton fabric grey cloth by adopting a first organic solvent, washing off surface impurities, and drying for later use; the two sides of the dried cotton fabric grey cloth are respectively marked as an A surface and a B surface, and inorganic metal nano particles are loaded on the A surface of the cotton fabric grey cloth by using a sol spraying growth method; and (3) sequentially carrying out surface modification and gas phase hydrophobic treatment on the surface B to finally obtain the cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions. The cotton fabric has the advantages of good heat and humidity control capability, good antibacterial effect and capability of guaranteeing the thermal comfort of a human body.

Description

Cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cotton fabric modification, in particular to a cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cotton fabric has good moisture absorption performance, but has poor perspiration performance, and when the perspiration of a human body is excessively secreted, if the fabric can not quickly guide the perspiration to the outer surface of the fabric and volatilize into the air, the fabric can cause the human body to generate sticky or stuffy feeling, so that the wearing is uncomfortable, and even the bacterial reproduction is promoted.
Comfort is a relatively complex concept, and is a subjective satisfaction degree according to the explanation of ISO 7730-2005, wherein the contribution rate of heat and humidity comfort to human comfort can reach more than 60%. The heat and humidity comfort of the human body is important for sleeping quality, and researches show that improving the microenvironment around an individual is more effective than changing the external environment. The textile with the heat and humidity adjusting function is used for improving personal comfort, the whole space is not required to be modified, and the textile is flexible, controllable and energy-saving.
In recent years, many studies have been made on textiles for developing a heat and humidity management function based on different heat regulating mechanisms and manufacturing methods, including radiation temperature regulating textiles, intelligent temperature regulating textiles, phase change materials, waterproof and moisture permeable films, unidirectional moisture conducting textiles, etc., but only some of these studies have been commercially available due to the difficulty in balancing in terms of comfort, functionality, cost, etc. However, the special-shaped fiber fabric cannot realize directional transportation of moisture, so that part of sweat stays on one side close to the skin, and long-term comfort is affected.
Against the background described above, many scholars have developed theoretical studies from different angles. Based on the concepts of reducing heat dissipation and the like, hsu and the like coat silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes on the surface of a fabric to form a metal network, have the function of resistance heating, simultaneously can keep the air permeability of the original fabric, and has excellent warm-keeping effect (HSU P C, LIU X G, LIU C, et al Personal thermal management by metallic nanowire-coated text. Zhang et al developed an intelligent response textile by compounding hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials to develop an infrared radiation dynamic control textile, which after sweat stimulation, the warp of the fibers resulted in tight bonding of the yarns, opening the fabric pores, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the human body and the environment (Zhang T, LI K W, zhang J, et al, high-performance, flexible and ultralong crystalline thermoelectric fibers, nano Energy, 2017). Miao et al have carried out bionic structure studies, and have prepared hygroscopic textiles with a multistage interconnected mesh structure with reference to the transpiration of plants, which can achieve excellent heat dissipation properties both in dry and wet states, with significant improvements over conventional textiles (MIAO D Y, WANG X F, YU J Y, et al A biomimetic transpiration textile for highly efficient personal drying and cool. Advanced Functional Materials, 2021). In addition, the most commonly used method is to change the thermal conductivity of the material, and coating the thermal conductive material on the surface of the fiber is a very simple method, for example, the mixed solution of alumina and acetate fiber is coated on the textile to achieve the effects of cooling and moisture absorption, but the coating time, the coating method, the water resistance and the softness are all affected (WEI W, ZHU Y, LI Q, et Al, an Al2O3-cellulose acetate-coated textile for human body cooling. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2020). Chen Fan the surface of a cotton fabric is modified by spraying, screen printing and other methods to prepare a composite fabric with SiC nano particles loaded on the cotton fabric, which has excellent directional water-repellent capacity (Chen Fan, preparation of a thermal-humidity management composite cotton fabric with a Janus structure and performance research thereof, zhejiang university, 2023). In general, the current research method can only simply control the temperature or the humidity, and the balance of the temperature and the humidity is difficult to achieve.
However, the surface of the hydrophobic coating is generally prepared by a spraying method and a coating method at present, and although the methods improve the hydrophobic performance of the fiber, the hydrophobic agent also can form a layer of film with poor air permeability on the surface of the fiber to cover gaps among fabrics, thereby affecting the air permeability of the fabrics and further affecting the thermal comfort of a human body. The antibacterial performance is often prepared by adding an antibacterial agent in a post-finishing mode, the sewage is generated to be large, the environmental cost is high, the MOF material is used as a novel antibacterial material, the novel antibacterial material is often synthesized by an in-situ growth method or a layer-by-layer self-assembly method, however, the methods are unfavorable for mass production, and oxygen is required to be completely isolated when partial MOF types (Cu-MOF and Fe-MOF) with good antibacterial performance are produced, the difficulty of the production process is high, the cost is high, and the purity of the obtained product is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption and sweat release and antibacterial functions and a preparation method thereof, and provides the cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption and sweat release and antibacterial functions, which has good heat and humidity control capability, has good antibacterial effect on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and can prolong the service life of the fabric; the material has good air permeability and high moisture permeability, and ensures the thermal comfort of a human body.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the cotton fabric with the functions of unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial is characterized by comprising cotton fabric grey cloth, wherein hydrophobic polymers are sprayed on the A surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is close to a human body, after surface modification, and inorganic metal nano particles are loaded on the B surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is far away from the human body.
A preparation method of cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cotton fibers are used as raw materials, and cotton fabric grey cloth is obtained through steps of spinning, weaving and the like;
s2, thoroughly cleaning the cotton fabric grey cloth obtained in the S1 by adopting a first organic solvent, washing off surface impurities, and drying for later use;
s3, respectively marking two sides of the cotton fabric gray fabric dried in the S2 as an A surface and a B surface, and loading inorganic metal nano particles on the A surface of the cotton fabric gray fabric by using a sol spraying growth method;
s4, carrying out surface modification and gas phase hydrophobic treatment on the B side of the cotton fabric grey cloth with the inorganic metal nano particles loaded on the A side in sequence to finally obtain the cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial functions.
Preferably, the first organic solvent in S1 is one or a mixture of several of absolute ethanol, acetone, methanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, petroleum ether or ethyl acetate.
Preferably, the specific cleaning manner in S2 is as follows: ultrasonic washing is performed for 10min by first washing with the first organic solvent, followed by three washes with deionized water.
Preferably, the inorganic metal nano particles in the S3 are a mixture of transition group metal oxide and transition group metal organic frame material, wherein the transition group metal oxide is selected from one or two of calcium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, barium oxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide or zinc oxide, and the transition group metal organic frame material is selected from HKUST-1, MOF-74, MIL-101, MOF-704, ZIF-8, CIP-UIO-66, [ (AgI) CF 3 SO 3 ]·2H 2 O, MOF-5 IRMOF-3-AC or H-TiO 2-x One of the @ MOFs.
Preferably, the specific steps of the sol spray growing method in S3 are as follows: slowly dripping metal alkoxide solution of corresponding metal into a second organic solvent, adding organic acid or organic alkali, respectively controlling the pH value to be 2.7-5.4 or 9.1-11.6 according to the metal acidity and alkalinity, obtaining metal sol after hydrolytic condensation, vigorously stirring to uniformly disperse the metal sol, adding the metal sol into a spray can for standby, vertically spraying the metal sol on the upper surface of the A-side of cotton fabric grey cloth, controlling the spraying distance to be 20-40cm and the flow rate to be 0.4-1.5L/min to ensure that the metal alkoxide solution cannot permeate to the other side, preparing corresponding metal ligand solution, spraying the metal ligand solution on the upper surface of fiber by the same method, and curing the metal sol at the high temperature of 60-150 ℃ for 24-48h to obtain the A-side inorganic metal nanoparticle loaded cotton fabric grey cloth.
Preferably, the metal alkoxide is selected from one or more of copper nitrate pentahydrate, indium nitrate hydrate, titanium isopropoxide, zinc hydroxide, titanium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, ferric trichloride hexahydrate, manganese nitrate tetrahydrate, aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide, the mass fraction of the metal alkoxide is 1-15%, the mass fraction of the metal sol is 0.1-3%, the mass ratio of the metal sol to the cotton fabric grey cloth is 0.5:1-5:1, the concentration of the ligand solution is 15-45 mmol/L, the solvent of the ligand solution is a mixed solution of N, N-dimethylformamide and absolute ethyl alcohol, the volume ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:1-5:1, and the solute of the ligand solution is selected from one of 2,3,5, 6-tetrafluoroterephthalic acid, tetra [4- (4' -carboxyphenyl) phenyl ] ethylene, terephthalic acid, 2-amino-terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, 4-carboxyphenyl porphyrin or tetratrigeminic acid.
Preferably, the second organic solvent is selected from one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, ethanol, dimethyl ether or chloroform, and the pH of the second organic solvent is 5.3-6.1.
Preferably, the organic acid is selected from one or more of HCl, tartaric acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, formic acid, ascorbic acid or citric acid, and the organic base is selected from NH 4 OH, naOH, KOH or LiOH.
Preferably, the surface modification mode in S4 is plasma modification, and inert gas is used to generate plasma, wherein the inert gas is one of nitrogen, argon and helium, the gas phase hydrophobic treatment is spraying of hydrophobic polymer, and the hydrophobic polymer is one of PDMS, PVDF or PMMA.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the unilateral hydrophobic cotton fabric prepared by the preparation method can unidirectionally convey sweat from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side of the cotton fabric, so that the comfort of a human body is ensured, and the cotton fabric has excellent heat and humidity management performance.
The invention synthesizes the transition metal oxide and the transition metal organic frame material by adopting a sol spray growth method, wherein the metal sol is adopted as a precursor and an active site of the transition metal organic frame material, so that the load capacity and the binding fastness can be improved, the contact between the central metal and oxygen can be isolated, the production cost is saved, and the composite method with high purity and convenient preparation is provided, and finally the service life of the fabric is prolonged.
The fabric can realize long-time heat and humidity control, and meanwhile, the surface coating method can form a tissue structure of the film covered fabric with poor air permeability by hydrophobic modification, so that the air permeability and comfort level are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the results of the hydrophobic side contact angle test of comparative example 2 and examples 1 and 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the invention is further illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and the examples are not meant to limit the invention.
The cotton fabric with the functions of unidirectional moisture absorption, sweat release and antibacterial comprises cotton fabric grey cloth, wherein hydrophobic polymers are sprayed on the A surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is close to a human body, after surface modification, and inorganic metal nano particles are loaded on the B surface of one side of the cotton fabric grey cloth, which is far away from the human body.
Examples
S1, cotton fibers are used as raw materials, and cotton fabric grey cloth is obtained through steps of spinning, weaving and the like;
s2, soaking the grey cloth in an acetone solution, ultrasonically washing for 10min, then washing with deionized water for three times, and then drying in an electrothermal constant-temperature blast drying oven at 50 ℃ for later use;
s3, loading ZnO sol on the surface of cotton fabric by adopting a sol spray coating growth method, firstly dissolving 3.6251 g zinc sulfate heptahydrate in 50 mL petroleum ether, adding ascorbic acid to adjust the pH to 4.1, stirring at 50 ℃ for 1h until the solution is concentrated to 30mL, then adding the solution into a spray gun, keeping the fabric vertically, slowly and uniformly spraying the obtained solution, controlling the spraying distance to be 20cm and the flow rate to be 0.4L/min, ensuring that the solution cannot permeate to the other surface, and ensuring that the mass ratio of the use amount of the metal sol to the gray fabric of the cotton fabric to be 0.5:1. Then preparing a ligand solution with a volume ratio of 1:1 of N, N-dimethylformamide and absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent and trimesic acid as a solute, wherein the concentration of the ligand solution is 15 mmol/L, and spraying the ligand solution by the same method; then keeping the surface A of the fabric vertical, and placing the fabric in an oven at 120 ℃ for heat preservation for 24 hours;
s4, carrying out surface plasma modification treatment on cotton fabric grey cloth by using argon, then placing PDMS solution in a high-temperature environment of 300 ℃, isolating air, collecting PDMS steam in a spraying device, placing the B surface of the fabric in an environment of 80 ℃, covering the B surface with PDMS spray for 30S, and standing and cooling at room temperature to obtain the product of the example 1.
Examples
S1, cotton fibers are used as raw materials, and cotton fabric grey cloth is obtained through steps of spinning, weaving and the like;
s2, soaking the grey cloth in an ethanol solution, ultrasonically washing for 10min, then washing with deionized water for three times, and then drying in an electrothermal constant-temperature blast drying oven at 50 ℃ for later use;
s3, loading CuO sol on the surface of cotton fabric by adopting a sol spraying growth method, firstly dissolving 1.9516 g copper nitrate pentahydrate in a mixture of 30mL ethanol and 20mL of deionized water, adding anti-nitric acid to adjust the pH to 3, stirring for 1h at 40 ℃ until the solution is concentrated to 30mL, then adding the solution into a spray can, keeping the fabric vertically, slowly and uniformly spraying the obtained solution, controlling the spraying distance to be 40cm and the flow rate to be 1.5L/min, ensuring that the copper nitrate pentahydrate cannot permeate to the other surface, and ensuring that the mass ratio of the metal sol to the cotton fabric grey cloth is 5:1. Then preparing a ligand solution with a volume ratio of 5:1 of N, N-dimethylformamide and absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent and trimesic acid as a solute, wherein the concentration of the ligand solution is 45 mmol/L, and spraying the ligand solution by the same method; then keeping the surface A of the fabric vertical, and placing the fabric in an oven at 80 ℃ for heat preservation for 48 hours;
s4, carrying out surface plasma modification treatment on the B surface of the cotton fabric blank by using argon, then placing the PVDF solution in a high-temperature environment of 200 ℃, isolating air, collecting PVDF steam in a spraying device, placing the B surface of the fabric in the environment of 60 ℃, covering the B surface by using PDMS spray for 30S, and standing and cooling at room temperature to obtain the example 1.
Comparative example 1
In order to investigate the effect of single-sided inorganic metal nanoparticle loading on the antibacterial performance of the fabric, comparative example 1 was prepared, and comparative example 1 was identical to example 1 except that step 3 was not included.
The cotton fabrics prepared in example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to bacteriostasis test with the initial cotton fabric, and specific test data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparison of bacteriostasis rates of initial cotton fabric, example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1
Cotton fabric Example 1 Example 2 Comparative example 1
Coli bacterium 4.13% 81.56% 89.22% 4.06%
Staphylococcus aureus 5.27% 84.98% 92.61% 5.30%
From table 1, it is obvious that the cotton grey cloth prepared by the method has good antibacterial effect on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and the service life of the fabric can be prolonged.
Comparative example 2
To investigate the effect of surface hydrophobic modification on the hydrophobic properties of the fabric, comparative example 2 was made, comparative example 2 being identical to example 1 except that step 4 was not present.
The cotton fabrics prepared in the above examples 1 and 2 and comparative example 2 were subjected to hydrophobic side contact angle test, the test results are shown in fig. 1, wherein (a) is the hydrophobic side contact angle test result of comparative example 2, (b) is the hydrophobic side contact angle test result of example 1, and (c) is the hydrophobic side contact angle test result of example 2, and it is apparent from fig. 1 that the cotton fabric grey cloth prepared in the invention has good hydrophobic performance on the side close to the human body, thereby realizing single-side hydrophobicity, being capable of unidirectionally conveying sweat from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side of the cotton fabric, ensuring the comfort of the human body, and enabling the cotton fabric to have excellent heat and humidity management performance.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and various modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and equivalents are to be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物，其特征在于，包括棉织物坯布，所述棉织物坯布靠近人体一侧的Ａ面上通过表面改性后喷涂有疏水性高分子，所述棉织物坯布远离人体一侧的Ｂ面上负载无机金属纳米颗粒。1. A cotton fabric with both one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions, which is characterized in that it includes a cotton fabric gray cloth, and the surface A of the cotton fabric gray cloth close to the human body is sprayed with a highly hydrophobic material after surface modification. Molecule, the B surface of the cotton fabric gray fabric on the side away from the human body is loaded with inorganic metal nanoparticles. 2.一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：2. A method for preparing cotton fabric with both one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1.以棉纤维作为原料，通过纺纱、织造等步骤，得到棉织物坯布；S1. Using cotton fiber as raw material, obtain cotton fabric gray cloth through spinning, weaving and other steps; S2.对S1中得到的棉织物坯布采用第一有机溶剂进行彻底清洗，洗去表面杂质，烘干后备用；S2. Use the first organic solvent to thoroughly clean the cotton fabric gray cloth obtained in S1, wash away surface impurities, and dry it for later use; S3.将S2中烘干后的棉织物坯布两侧分别记作A面、B面，使用溶胶喷涂生长法，在棉织物坯布A面负载无机金属纳米颗粒；S3. Mark the two sides of the cotton fabric gray cloth dried in S2 as side A and side B respectively, and use the sol spray growth method to load inorganic metal nanoparticles on side A of the cotton fabric gray cloth; S4.对A面负载无机金属纳米颗粒的棉织物坯布B面依次进行表面改性与气相疏水处理，最终得到兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物。S4. Surface modification and gas-phase hydrophobic treatment are performed on the cotton fabric gray fabric B loaded with inorganic metal nanoparticles on the A side, and finally a cotton fabric with both one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions is obtained. 3.根据权利要求２所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述S1中第一有机溶剂选自无水乙醇、丙酮、甲醇、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、石油醚或乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种混合物。3. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first organic solvent in S1 is selected from the group consisting of absolute ethanol, acetone, methanol, and dimethyl alcohol. One or several mixtures of methyl chloride, chloroform, petroleum ether or ethyl acetate. 4.根据权利要求２所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述S2中具体清洗方式为：先通过第一有机溶剂洗涤超声洗涤10min，随后用去离子水洗涤三次。4. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with one-way moisture absorption and perspiration removal and antibacterial functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the specific cleaning method in S2 is: first washing with a first organic solvent and ultrasonic washing for 10 minutes, and then washing with deionized water three times. 5.根据权利要求２所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述S3中无机金属纳米颗粒为过渡族金属氧化物与过渡族金属有机框架材料的混合物，所述过渡族金属氧化物选自氧化钙、氧化钠、氧化镁、氧化钡、氧化铁、氧化铜、氧化铝或氧化锌其中的一种或两种，过渡族金属有机框架材料选自HKUST-1、MOF-74、MIL-101、MOF-704、ZIF-8、CIP-UIO-66、[(AgI)CF3SO3]·2H2O、MOF-5、IRMOF-3-AC或H-TiO2-x@MOF中的一种。5. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with both one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inorganic metal nanoparticles in the S3 are transition metal oxides and transition metal organic A mixture of framework materials, the transition metal oxide is selected from one or two of calcium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, barium oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide or zinc oxide, transition metal organic framework Materials are selected from HKUST-1, MOF-74, MIL-101, MOF-704, ZIF-8, CIP-UIO-66, [(AgI)CF 3 SO 3 ]·2H 2 O, MOF-5, IRMOF-3 -One of AC or H-TiO 2-x @MOF. 6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述S3中溶胶喷涂生长法的具体步骤为：将对应金属的金属醇盐溶液缓慢滴加到第二有机溶剂中，并添加有机酸或有机碱，根据金属酸碱性分别控制pH为2.7-5.4或9.1-11.6，经水解缩合后得到金属溶胶，剧烈搅拌使其分散均匀，将其加入喷壶中备用，随后将其垂直喷涂在棉织物坯布A面的上表面，控制喷涂距离为20-40cm和流速为0.4-1.5 L/min，确保其不会渗透至另一面，随后配制对应的金属配体溶液，用同样的方法将其喷涂到纤维上表面，60-150℃高温固化24-48h后得到A面负载无机金属纳米颗粒的棉织物坯布。6. A kind of cotton fabric preparation method with both one-way moisture absorption and antibacterial functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the specific steps of the sol spray growth method in S3 are: adding the metal alcohol of the corresponding metal The salt solution is slowly dropped into the second organic solvent, and organic acid or organic alkali is added. The pH is controlled to 2.7-5.4 or 9.1-11.6 according to the acidity and alkalinity of the metal. After hydrolysis and condensation, the metal sol is obtained and stirred vigorously to disperse it. Evenly, add it to the watering can and then spray it vertically on the upper surface of the cotton fabric A side, control the spraying distance to 20-40cm and the flow rate to 0.4-1.5 L/min to ensure that it does not penetrate to the other side. Then the corresponding metal ligand solution is prepared, sprayed onto the upper surface of the fiber using the same method, and cured at a high temperature of 60-150°C for 24-48 hours to obtain a cotton fabric with inorganic metal nanoparticles loaded on side A. 7. 根据权利要求６所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述金属醇盐选自五水合硝酸铜、水合硝酸铟、异丙醇钛、氢氧化锌、氧化钛、氢氧化锆、六水三氯化铁、四水硝酸锰、氧化铝或氢氧化铝中的一种或多种，所述金属醇盐的质量分数为1-15%，所述金属溶胶的质量分数应为0.1-3%，，所述金属溶胶的使用量与棉织物坯布的质量比为0.5:1-5:1，所述配体溶液浓度为15-45 mmol/L，所述配体溶液的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇的混合溶液，所述N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇的体积比为1:1-5:1，所述配体溶液的溶质选自2,3,5,6-四氟对苯二甲酸、四[4-(4'-羧基苯基)苯基]乙烯、对苯二甲酸、2-氨基-对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸、4-羧基苯基卟啉、4,4’-三联苯二甲酸或均四苯甲酸中的一种。7. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with one-way moisture absorption and perspiration removal and antibacterial functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: the metal alkoxide is selected from one or more of copper nitrate pentahydrate, indium nitrate hydrate, titanium isopropoxide, zinc hydroxide, titanium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, ferric chloride hexahydrate, manganese nitrate tetrahydrate, aluminum oxide or aluminum hydroxide, the mass fraction of the metal alkoxide is 1-15%, the mass fraction of the metal sol should be 0.1-3%, the mass ratio of the metal sol to the cotton fabric is 0.5:1-5:1, and the concentration of the ligand solution is 15-45 mmol/L, the solvent of the ligand solution is a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and anhydrous ethanol, the volume ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide to anhydrous ethanol is 1:1-5:1, and the solute of the ligand solution is selected from one of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalic acid, tetrakis[4-(4'-carboxyphenyl)phenyl]ethylene, terephthalic acid, 2-amino-terephthalic acid, trimesic acid, 4-carboxyphenylporphyrin, 4,4'-terphenyldicarboxylic acid or pyrotetrabenzoic acid. 8.根据权利要求６所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述第二有机溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、石油醚、乙醚、乙醇、二甲醚或三氯甲烷中的一种或多种，所述第二有机溶剂的pH为5.3-6.1。8. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with both one-way moisture absorption and antibacterial functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: the second organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, petroleum One or more of ether, diethyl ether, ethanol, dimethyl ether or chloroform, and the pH of the second organic solvent is 5.3-6.1. 9.根据权利要求６所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述有机酸选自HCl、酒石酸、苯甲酸、乙酸、丁二酸、甲酸、抗坏血酸或柠檬酸中的一种或多种，所述有机碱选自为NH4OH、NaOH、KOH或LiOH中的一种或多种。9. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with one-way moisture absorption and perspiration removal and antibacterial functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: the organic acid is selected from one or more of HCl, tartaric acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, formic acid, ascorbic acid or citric acid, and the organic base is selected from one or more of NH4OH , NaOH, KOH or LiOH. 10.根据权利要求２所述的一种兼具单向吸湿排汗和抗菌功能的棉织物制备方法，其特征在于：所述S4中表面改性方式为等离子体改性，采用惰性气体发生等离子体，所述惰性气体选用氮气、氩气、氦气中的一种，所述气相疏水处理为喷涂疏水性高分子，所述疏水性高分子选自PDMS、PVDF或PMMA中的一种。10. A method for preparing a cotton fabric with both one-way moisture wicking and antibacterial functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface modification method in S4 is plasma modification, and an inert gas is used to generate plasma. body, the inert gas is selected from nitrogen, argon, and helium, and the gas phase hydrophobic treatment is spraying hydrophobic polymer, and the hydrophobic polymer is selected from one of PDMS, PVDF, or PMMA.
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CN119121629A (en) * 2024-11-12 2024-12-13 浙江理工大学 Method for preparing fine mist of Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions
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