CS260181B1

CS260181B1 - the method of welding the sleeve to the container surface

Info

Publication number: CS260181B1
Application number: CS534286A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Elemir Ehrenstein; Josef Vrbensky; Karol Pawera; Zdenek Buzek
Original assignee: Elemir Ehrenstein; Josef Vrbensky; Karol Pawera; Zdenek Buzek
Priority date: 1986-07-14
Filing date: 1986-07-14
Publication date: 1988-12-15

Abstract

Spflsob rieši ipriváranie nátrubku k povrchu nádoby s válcovým, guldvým alebo eliptickým tvarom. Jeho podstata je v tom, že zvarové plochy sú tvořené povrchom nádoby v mieste jeho prienlku s telesom nátrubku a čelom nátrubku ospracovaným do tvaru zhodného s povrchom priestorového pireniku nátrubku s nádobou. Upravená zvarová plocha na nátrubku sa nastaví a zafixuje voči nádobě s požadovanou zvarovou medzerou a polohou nátrubku. Táto sa vyplňuje zvarovým kovom elektrotroskovým zváraním s příslušné tvarovanými taviacimi sa hubicemi naraz alebo po viacerých častiach zvarových plňch.The method solves the welding of the nozzle to the surface of a container with a cylindrical, spherical or elliptical shape. Its essence is that the weld surfaces are formed by the surface of the container in the place of its connection with the body of the nozzle and the face of the nozzle machined into a shape identical to the surface of the spatial pyrene of the nozzle with the container. The adjusted welding area on the nozzle is adjusted and fixed against the vessel with the required welding gap and position of the nozzle. This is filled with weld metal by electroslag welding with the appropriate shaped melting nozzles at once or after several parts of the weld fillers.

Description

260181

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of welding a tube to a surface of a cylindrical, spherical, or elliptical shape container having an arbitrary spatial position relative to the axis and top of the container or bottom of the container.

Welding of sleeves, in particular of larger diameters and thicknesses, is usually carried out by manual electric arc welding or mechanized welding under the flux, preferably in protective atmospheres, according to the design of the welded joint, the pipes and the orientation of their axis relative to the housing or bottom. Manual arc welding is, in addition to a considerable amount of substantiality, also influenced by a human factor, especially when it comes to ensuring high homogeneity of the weld metal, and thus is highly dependent on the high quality, experience and responsibility of the involved welders. In this way, weld errors cannot be excluded, repairs that are very technology-intensive, capacity-consuming, and technical control.

The mechanized welding methods are particularly demanding in terms of precision control and welding process control, and as a rule require a high technical level and complexity of the welding equipment, maximum precision of the welding parts assembly, and the consistency and attention of the operator during the entire welding time.

Moreover, in these methods of welding the casings for spatially curved joints, it requires complex and precise machining of the sleeve welds, which increases the demands on the machine tools, the technological preparation of the production and the qualification of the workers. With regard to the multi-layer welded joints, especially the larger cross-sections and complex shapes corresponding to the penetration curves of the tubes with the welded shell or bottom portions, the potential possibility of error occurrence, which is generally associated with it, is difficult to eliminate labor.

The above drawbacks are largely prevented by the welding of the sleeve to the top of the container with a cylindrical, spherical or elliptical shape, which has a self-contained spatial position relative to the axis and surface of the shell or bottom of the container according to the invention. they are formed by the surface of the container at the point of its cross-section with the sleeve body and the sleeve-shaped body, which conforms to the surface of the sleeve-to-container penetration, the welded surface of the sleeve being set and fixed to the container by the weld gap and the sleeve. Further, the weld gap is filled with a weld metal by electroslag welding with the respective molded depressant nozzles at one or more times, thereby forming a welded joint between the container surface and the adjacent mouthpiece face. The advantages of this method of welding of the invention are that it makes it possible to substantially simplify the shapes of the weld surfaces of the tube, thereby reducing the production time and cost of their mechanical machining, and in particular the application of the tube-to-metal, axis which are oriented at a general angle to the surface and to the axis of the cylindrical shell or spherical bottom, possibly to their parts or segments. The electrosurface welding process is very good controllable, guarantees the homogeneity and high-purity of the weld metal, eliminates the influence of the human factor on the quality of the welded joint, and guarantees maximum quality in its entire volume.

1 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 2; FIG.

As an example of the welding method according to the invention, the welding joint of the sleeve with the cylindrical sleeve of the pressure vessel is carried out by means of an electric-tube process using melting nozzles. The weld joint is circumferentially divided into four sections A, B, C, D. The joint forms between the weld surfaces of the welded portion and the sleeve 3 which are equidistant between the inner backing ring 1, which also serves as a centerpiece. the nozzle element and the water-cooled coil shims 2 successively inclined during the welding to the outer circumference. A suitable shape of the shims 2 forms the desired shape of the transition between the sleeve 3 and the sheath 4. The start and end of the welding process in the welding of the individual sections of the joint serve the starting molds 5a of the outlet mold 6 which can be repeatedly used if they are chilled with water or uncooled in a single use. The welding process is such that, for example, sections A and B are welded first using two symmetrical and correspondingly corresponding melting nozzles 7. Adjusting the lower and upper gaps between the sections A and B are then in the second and third regions. reassigns section C, at the bottom and D, at the top of the circuit. In this way, the closed circuit of the circuit, where the order of welding of the individual sections of the circuit, can be varied, depending on the shape and dimensions of the welded joint and the effective execution of the operational modifications.

For forming the weld from the inner side of the tube, in addition to the inner backing ring 1 serving as the centering element, it is also possible to use molding shims, or molding shells, which are still and resistant to the effect of molten material and metal. .

In order to form the outer surface of the weld, it is permanently used in addition to the water-cooled molding pads 2 described.

Claims

A method of welding a sleeve to a container surface having a cylindrical, spherical or elliptical shape having a tubular spatial position relative to the axis and surface of the shell or bottom of the container, characterized in that the weld surfaces are formed by the container surface at its intersection with the sleeve body and the face of the sleeve to the shape identical to the spatial intersection of the YNALEZ socket with the vessel, wherein the adjusted weld surface on the socket is set and fixed relative to the vessel with the desired weld gap and the position of the socket and the weld gap is filled with weld metal by electroscrosion welding several parts of welded surfaces.