CS263190A3 - Method for lining inner walls of a metallurgical vessel and apparatus for making same - Google Patents

Method for lining inner walls of a metallurgical vessel and apparatus for making same Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CS263190A3
Authority: CS; Czechoslovakia
Prior art keywords: wall; composition; metallurgical vessel; movable wall; movable
Prior art date: 1989-05-31

Application number

CS902631A

Other languages

Czech (cs)

English (en)

Inventor

Jean-Charles Daussan

Gerard Daussan

Andre Daussan

Original Assignee

Daussan & Co

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1989-05-31

Filing date

1990-05-29

Publication date

1992-03-18

1990-05-29 Application filed by Daussan & Co filed Critical Daussan & Co

1992-03-18 Publication of CS263190A3 publication Critical patent/CS263190A3/cs

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 1
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 claims 1
238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims 1
235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 13
238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cr] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cr] NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
- B22D41/023—Apparatus used for making or repairing linings
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0087—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for metallurgical applications
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00939—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for the fabrication of moulds or cores
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

CS902631A 1989-05-31 1990-05-29 Method for lining inner walls of a metallurgical vessel and apparatus for making same CS263190A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FR8907150A FR2647779B1 (fr)	1989-05-31	1989-05-31	Procede pour realiser un revetement sur un recipient metallurgique, composition et machine pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CS263190A3 true CS263190A3 (en)	1992-03-18

Family

ID=9382202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CS902631A CS263190A3 (en)	1989-05-31	1990-05-29	Method for lining inner walls of a metallurgical vessel and apparatus for making same

Country Status (10)

Country	Link
US (1)	US5176873A (de)
EP (1)	EP0426834B1 (de)
AT (1)	ATE109048T1 (de)
AU (1)	AU5747390A (de)
CA (1)	CA2033201A1 (de)
CS (1)	CS263190A3 (de)
DE (1)	DE69011041T2 (de)
FR (1)	FR2647779B1 (de)
RO (1)	RO110794B1 (de)
WO (1)	WO1990014909A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
FR2695582B1 (fr) *	1992-09-11	1994-12-23	Lorraine Laminage	Dispositif de coulée du béton dans un réacteur métallurgique.
FR2732915B1 (fr) *	1995-04-14	1997-06-13	Daussan & Co	Procede pour appliquer a l'interieur d'un recipient metallurgique un revetement de protection comportant au moins deux couches
US7092520B2 (en) *	1996-02-28	2006-08-15	Nokia Corporation	Radiotelephone
FR2749200B1 (fr) *	1996-05-29	1998-07-31	Daussan & Co	Procede pour realiser un revetement comportant au moins deux couches sur les faces interieures d'un recipient tel qu'un recipient metallurgique et revetement ainsi obtenu
CH699405B1 (de) *	2008-08-26	2021-06-15	Mokesys Ag	Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
JP5754295B2 (ja) *	2011-08-17	2015-07-29	品川リフラクトリーズ株式会社	ドライコーティング材
CN107999732B (zh) *	2017-11-07	2019-10-18	河钢股份有限公司承德分公司	超低碳涂抹料中间包的修砌方法
CN110280750A (zh) *	2019-08-02	2019-09-27	武汉精鼎科技股份有限公司	钢水罐罐壁工作层局部的修补方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE1483584B2 (de) *	1965-08-27	1971-03-11		Schleuderformmaschine zum einbringen von beschichtungs material in eine giesspfanne
DE1927816A1 (de) *	1969-05-31	1970-12-03	Plibrico Co Gmbh	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausbessern profilierter Wand- oder Deckenteile von Industrieoefen
FR2220163A5 (de) *	1973-03-02	1974-09-27	Garreau Jean
US3876354A (en) *	1973-09-12	1975-04-08	Shin Nippon Koki Co Ltd	Apparatus for automatically lining containers
GB1426135A (en) *	1974-03-19	1976-02-25	Novolipetsky Metall Z	Lining metallurgical vessels
US4218050A (en) *	1974-11-22	1980-08-19	Spribag Aktiengesellschaft	Apparatus and methods for automatically lining containers, especially casting ladles
US4117052A (en) *	1975-03-19	1978-09-26	Dorentruper Sand- Und Thonwerker G.M.B.H.	Method and arrangement for use in lining articles, particularly melting oven
US4589633A (en) *	1984-01-26	1986-05-20	Jacques Gilson	Process and installation for moulding a refractory lining of a container for liquid metal
SU1258608A2 (ru) *	1985-05-22	1986-09-23	Всесоюзный Проектно-Технологический Институт Литейного Производства	Машина дл футеровки металлургических ковшей

1989
- 1989-05-31 FR FR8907150A patent/FR2647779B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
1990
- 1990-05-29 CS CS902631A patent/CS263190A3/cs unknown
- 1990-05-30 DE DE69011041T patent/DE69011041T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-30 AU AU57473/90A patent/AU5747390A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-30 CA CA002033201A patent/CA2033201A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-30 EP EP90908955A patent/EP0426834B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-30 US US07/635,546 patent/US5176873A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-30 RO RO146849A patent/RO110794B1/ro unknown
- 1990-05-30 WO PCT/FR1990/000375 patent/WO1990014909A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1990-05-30 AT AT90908955T patent/ATE109048T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE69011041T2 (de)	1995-03-30
DE69011041D1 (de)	1994-09-01
CA2033201A1 (en)	1990-12-01
US5176873A (en)	1993-01-05
FR2647779B1 (fr)	1993-06-25
FR2647779A1 (fr)	1990-12-07
ATE109048T1 (de)	1994-08-15
WO1990014909A1 (fr)	1990-12-13
EP0426834B1 (de)	1994-07-27
EP0426834A1 (de)	1991-05-15
AU5747390A (en)	1991-01-07
RO110794B1 (ro)	1996-04-30

Publication	Publication Date	Title
KR100241129B1 (ko)	2000-02-01	내화물 조성물
EP0064863B1 (de)	1986-07-09	Monolithische feuerfeste Schicht für metallurgische Gefässe und Anwendungsverfahren
KR0156553B1 (ko)	1999-02-18	건식 내화성 조성물
CS263190A3 (en)	1992-03-18	Method for lining inner walls of a metallurgical vessel and apparatus for making same
RS57885B1 (sr)	2019-01-31	Proizvod otporan na vatru i upotreba proizvoda
US5160692A (en)	1992-11-03	Process and plant for producing a lining on the inner walls of a metallurgical vessel
US5217929A (en)	1993-06-08	Refractory composition
US4977115A (en)	1990-12-11	Thixotropic refractory material and a process and apparatus for lining metallurgical vessels with this material by a vibration method
US3368010A (en)	1968-02-06	Process for making hydration resistant refractory brick
CA1125791A (en)	1982-06-15	Compositions suitable for producing ceramic coatings
EP0857704B1 (de)	2001-01-24	Verfahren zur Herstellung feuerfester Körper
JPS54161503A (en)	1979-12-21	Repairing method for wall of refractory vessel
JPS5518557A (en)	1980-02-08	Ladle for carrying molten slag
JPS59137163A (ja)	1984-08-07	耐火断熱性製品及び溶融金属取扱容器
JPS60152361A (ja)	1985-08-10	取鍋の注出孔充填体
CA2165143A1 (en)	1996-06-20	Method of applying to the interior faces of a metallurgical container a protective coating comprising at least two layers
JPS6133741A (ja)	1986-02-17	ダンディッシュ用石灰質被覆材
HUT60789A (en)	1992-10-28	Furnace pot for steel production and process for forming fireproof bottom lining of furnace pot
Nemets et al.	1976	The use of esters of orthosilicic acid in refractory compositions production
Shikano et al.	1981	Refractory Brick for Molding Molten Steel
EP1814683A2 (de)	2007-08-08	Herzanalyseverfahren und gerät
AU6177394A (en)	1994-09-14	Insulating/metallurgical composite and method of manufacturing same
Smolyanski	1980	Siliceous Concrete Products for Steel-Pouring Ladles
Mukhin et al.	1971	Using production scrap from alumina insulating refractories
Kjellberg et al.	1987	Induction Heated Ladles for Steel Foundries: Recent Developments.(Retroactive Coverage)