EP0000728A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour évacuer des produits volatiles libérés pendant l'extrusion de masses fondues de matières synthétiques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour évacuer des produits volatiles libérés pendant l'extrusion de masses fondues de matières synthétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000728A1
EP0000728A1 EP7878100499A EP78100499A EP0000728A1 EP 0000728 A1 EP0000728 A1 EP 0000728A1 EP 7878100499 A EP7878100499 A EP 7878100499A EP 78100499 A EP78100499 A EP 78100499A EP 0000728 A1 EP0000728 A1 EP 0000728A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic melt
extrusion
opening
heated
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP7878100499A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0000728B1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dr. Hoerauf
Guenter Valentin
Robert Kegel
Helmut Kuhn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0000728A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000728A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000728B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000728B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

Definitions

  • volatile components escape from them after exiting the shaping opening and have to be removed.
  • volatile components are sometimes malodorous and irritate the respiratory tract or are harmful in the long run.
  • caprolactome vapors occur which have to be removed since caprolactam has a MAX value of 25 mg / m 3 (maximum workplace concentration).
  • Such volatile constituents which consist of monomers and oligomers or degradation products of polymers and are solid or liquid at room temperature, often separate out in the lines and devices provided for this purpose. This leads to malfunctions, the elimination of which takes considerable time and effort.
  • This object is achieved in a method for removing 'volatile constituents which escape from the extrusion of plastic melts, the volatile constituents being suctioned off with the surrounding air by immediately sucking off the volatile constituents as they emerge from the plastic melt and the air containing such volatile constituents is heated immediately after entering the suction opening.
  • the invention also relates to a device for extracting volatile constituents which escape from them during the extrusion of plastic melts, characterized by a conical inlet (1) for the plastic melt with a heating jacket (2) of a nozzle plate arranged at the tip of the cone ( 3) with at least one nozzle opening (4) for the exit of the plastic melt and at least one suction opening (5), the jacket (6) together with the heating jacket (2) and the nozzle plate (3) forming a heated cavity (7) which has an outlet (8).
  • the new method and the new device have the advantage that no blockages occur in the suction lines and the harmful vapors are effectively removed from the work area. Furthermore, the new method and the new device have the advantage that the extracted air is heated to the required temperature by the heating media for the nozzle plate and plastic melt immediately after being drawn in, without any additional aids.
  • thermoplastic, organic polymers for example polystyrene, whose copolymers, for example with acrylic tril or rubber-modified polystyrenes, also polyvinyl chloride, rubber-modified polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyoxymethylene and polyamides such as polyamide-66 or polyamide-6.
  • Such polymers are melted, e.g. at temperatures of 180 to 300 ° C, shaped.
  • the type and composition of the volatile components emerging from the melt are only partially known.
  • Such volatile constituents contain monomers, furthermore oligomers which result from the polymerization or oligomers which result from degradation by the thermal treatment, furthermore decomposition products.
  • the method can be used particularly advantageously if the volatile constituents are liquid or solid at room temperature.
  • the process according to the invention has particular technical importance in the extrusion of polycaprolactam. The caprolactam vapors generated during extrusion are removed.
  • Extrusion is to be used to discharge a plastic melt during its manufacture, but also to shape a plastic melt during its further processing, e.g. to endless profiles such as pipes.
  • the volatile fractions are sucked off with the surrounding air, in such a way that the volatile fractions are sucked off as soon as they exit the plastic melt.
  • An essential feature is that the air containing such volatile components is heated immediately after entering the suction opening.
  • the temperatures depend on the type of volatile components. Usually is. to assume that one. the extracted air is heated to a temperature which is at least 20 ° C., advantageously 30 ° C., above the melting point of the extracted volatile components.
  • suctioning caprolactam vapors one heats up the extracted air, for example, to at least 90 C in order to avoid the separation of solid caprolactam
  • the upper temperature limit is determined by economic considerations because unnecessary heating consumes unnecessary energy.
  • a temperature of 200 ° C is generally to be regarded as the upper temperature limit. However, this value is not a limitation with regard to the variety of possible volatile components. It has proven to be particularly expedient if the extracted air containing the volatile components is used with the heating medium for the plastic melt, for example the electrical heating or liquid heating, for temperature control the plastic melt is used, heated.
  • caprolactam vapors When aspirating water-soluble vapors, such as caprolactam vapors, it has proven to be advantageous to generate the vacuum for aspiration using water injectors.
  • the volatile components such as caprolactam are washed out of the extracted air and enriched in the water that is circulated. In this way the extracted caprolactam is used as e.g. Get 20 weight percent solution from which caprolactam is recovered.
  • the suction opening is conveniently located in the immediate vicinity, for example at a distance of 3 to 10 cm, from the nozzle opening from which the plastic melt emerges, in order to ensure that the volatile constituents are removed from the plastic melt as soon as it exits. It has proven itself if the direction of the suction does not run parallel to the emerging plastic melt, but rather has an inclination to the axis of the emerging plastic melt, for example at an angle of 25 to 60 °, so that the volatile components move away from the plastic melt. be sucked.
  • FIG. 1 shows the cross section of a device suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the figure shows the discharge part of any device that is not further developed and contains plastic melt.
  • the discharge part consists of a conical inlet 1 for the plastic melt.
  • the cone need not be tapered, but can also have any other initial shape, such as oval or rectangular shapes.
  • the conical inlet 1 is surrounded by a heating jacket 2. These are electrical induction heaters or steam or liquid heaters.
  • a nozzle plate 3 is attached to the lower end of the conical inlet. This nozzle plate has at least one outlet opening for the plastic melt 4. The shape and number of the outlet openings depend on the task in the extrusion of plastic melts.
  • the nozzle plate 3 additionally has at least one suction opening 5.
  • the volatile components which escape when the plastic melt emerges from the nozzle opening 4 are immediately sucked off through this suction opening. It has proven to be advantageous if the suction opening 5 is arranged as close as possible to the nozzle opening 4. Furthermore, it has proven to be expedient if the nozzle opening 5 is inclined towards the nozzle opening 4 in the direction of the plastic discharge.
  • suction openings 5 are provided on both sides of the nozzle opening 4.
  • the suction opening 5 can be arranged in the form of a plurality of nozzle openings or slots or annular slots which are adapted to the nozzle opening 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
EP78100499A 1977-08-03 1978-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour évacuer des produits volatiles libérés pendant l'extrusion de masses fondues de matières synthétiques Expired EP0000728B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2734946 1977-08-03
DE2734946A DE2734946B2 (de) 1977-08-03 1977-08-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von flüchtigen Anteilen, die bei der Extrusion von Kunststoffschmelzen aus diesen entweichen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000728A1 true EP0000728A1 (fr) 1979-02-21
EP0000728B1 EP0000728B1 (fr) 1981-04-29

Family

ID=6015514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100499A Expired EP0000728B1 (fr) 1977-08-03 1978-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour évacuer des produits volatiles libérés pendant l'extrusion de masses fondues de matières synthétiques

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4233429A (fr)
EP (1) EP0000728B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5428364A (fr)
AT (1) AT368945B (fr)
AU (1) AU525107B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1124972A (fr)
DE (2) DE2734946B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES472323A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1097307B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022090526A1 (fr) * 2020-11-02 2022-05-05 Röhm Gmbh Dispositif de dégazage d'un matériau polymère-monomère multiphase à deux composants et son utilisation dans une extrudeuse de dégazage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5703203A (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-12-30 Montell North America Inc. Removal of oligomers from substantially crystalline, α-olefin polymers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1038355A (fr) * 1950-11-24 1953-09-28 Phrix Werke Ag Procédé et dispositif pour éliminer les composants volatils des masses de filage hautement polymérisées
US3110547A (en) * 1961-07-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Polymerization process
US3933958A (en) * 1971-03-22 1976-01-20 Reynolds Metals Company Method of making tubular plastic film

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL227654A (fr) * 1957-05-17
US3130180A (en) * 1957-09-18 1964-04-21 Glanzstoff Ag Continuous method and apparatus for the production of polyhexamethylene adipamide
US3109831A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-11-05 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Cooking polyesters of polybasic acids and polyhydric alcohols in the absence of solvents
LU48718A1 (fr) * 1964-06-01 1965-12-01
US3418286A (en) * 1965-08-02 1968-12-24 Interchem Corp Method of making polyesters under reduced pressure
JPS4944867B1 (fr) * 1969-09-16 1974-11-30
JPS5265561A (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-05-31 Ube Industries Method and device for heating evaporating substance in vent extruder
US4043968A (en) * 1976-01-30 1977-08-23 Mobil Oil Corporation Process for producing methylolated amide copolymers in concentrated organic solvent solution

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1038355A (fr) * 1950-11-24 1953-09-28 Phrix Werke Ag Procédé et dispositif pour éliminer les composants volatils des masses de filage hautement polymérisées
US3110547A (en) * 1961-07-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Polymerization process
US3933958A (en) * 1971-03-22 1976-01-20 Reynolds Metals Company Method of making tubular plastic film

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022090526A1 (fr) * 2020-11-02 2022-05-05 Röhm Gmbh Dispositif de dégazage d'un matériau polymère-monomère multiphase à deux composants et son utilisation dans une extrudeuse de dégazage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4233429A (en) 1980-11-11
AT368945B (de) 1982-11-25
AU3845878A (en) 1980-01-31
ES472323A1 (es) 1979-02-16
JPS5428364A (en) 1979-03-02
IT7826045A0 (it) 1978-07-24
ATA559378A (de) 1982-04-15
DE2734946A1 (de) 1979-02-15
DE2734946B2 (de) 1980-09-25
CA1124972A (fr) 1982-06-08
AU525107B2 (en) 1982-10-21
EP0000728B1 (fr) 1981-04-29
IT1097307B (it) 1985-08-31
DE2860648D1 (en) 1981-08-06

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