EP0018491A2 - Armature fibreuse pour éléments de construction et revêtements à liant de ciment ou de bitume - Google Patents

Armature fibreuse pour éléments de construction et revêtements à liant de ciment ou de bitume Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018491A2
EP0018491A2 EP80101468A EP80101468A EP0018491A2 EP 0018491 A2 EP0018491 A2 EP 0018491A2 EP 80101468 A EP80101468 A EP 80101468A EP 80101468 A EP80101468 A EP 80101468A EP 0018491 A2 EP0018491 A2 EP 0018491A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
fiber
fibrous reinforcement
different
reinforcement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80101468A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0018491B1 (fr
EP0018491A3 (en
Inventor
Adolf Arnheiter
Rudolf Enzler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTER-FORTA AG
Original Assignee
Inter-Forta AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inter-Forta AG filed Critical Inter-Forta AG
Priority to AT80101468T priority Critical patent/ATE4337T1/de
Publication of EP0018491A2 publication Critical patent/EP0018491A2/fr
Publication of EP0018491A3 publication Critical patent/EP0018491A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0018491B1 publication Critical patent/EP0018491B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31815—Of bituminous or tarry residue
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/184—Nonwoven scrim
    • Y10T442/188—Metal or metal-coated fiber-containing scrim

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fibrous reinforcement for cement and bitumen-bound components and coverings.
  • fibers for the reinforcement and reinforcement of materials, the so-called fiber reinforcement, is generally known.
  • the following fibers in general, in the form of monofilament fibers, are currently considered to be particularly useful for the use mentioned: steel fibers, glass fibers, plastic fibers (e.g. polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, aramid (highly aromatic polyamide), PVC, carbon fibers, asbestos fibers, natural fibers.
  • plastic fibers e.g. polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, aramid (highly aromatic polyamide), PVC, carbon fibers, asbestos fibers, natural fibers.
  • the fibrous reinforcement is selected such that at least two different groups of fiber structures are present, at least one of which is in the form of a closed fiber network, the fibers of which are resilient and have a gathered shape in the state before being introduced into the mix.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the reinforcement elements can be introduced into the mix together with the additives.
  • the reinforcement elements are evenly distributed over the cross-section of the reinforced component. Aggregations do not occur.
  • This reinforcement element has the shape of a closed fiber network made of polypropylene and is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • This fiber network is a one-piece structure, two different fiber thicknesses being present in the embodiment shown.
  • First fibers 1 are each connected to one another by second fibers 2, the cross section of the second fibers 2 being smaller than the cross section of the first fibers 1.
  • These fiber nets added to the mix now also tend to stick to one another, in particular due to the mixing, for example due to the static charging thereof, such that no uniform distribution in the concrete would occur.
  • the fine polypropylene fibers are resilient, for example all the second fibers 2 act as springs which keep the first fibers 1 apart from one another, overcoming the mutual attraction forces, so that the fibers self-distribute in the mix or in the concrete.
  • individual fiber ends 3 loop around the grains of the material to be mixed, which additionally counteract the aggregation of the fiber network during and immediately after mixing.
  • the net-shaped reinforcement element in the final state does not describe the flat plane shown in FIG. 1, but is deformed in space in all three dimensions.
  • the state of the reinforcement element before it is introduced into the mix is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the reinforcement element is wound wound in a string, the number of turns being predetermined.
  • the reinforcement element in the gathered form shown in FIG. 2 is entered together with the mix into the concrete mixing machine and the mixing is then carried out carried out in the usual manner and during the standardized period. During this period, the cord shape of the reinforcement element is opened and after this time period the reinforcement element is in the three-dimensionally distributed network form.
  • the mixing time in the production of concrete is standardized. Therefore, the number of turns of the cord piece in order to obtain a three-dimensional network after mixing can be precisely determined. If the mesh is not completely open after the mixing process has ended, its effect on the reinforcement is limited.
  • the mesh If the mesh is fully open before mixing is complete, it will be torn apart during the remaining mixing period, take the form of the known split fibers, and also lose its effect as a reinforcement element.
  • the reinforcement element in the present gathered form according to FIG. 2, it is now possible to use the reinforcement element in practice without difficulty, since it does not require any additional devices for introducing it into the mix (in particular it does not have to be sprinkled in) and, in addition, there is no additional monitoring of time periods necessary.
  • the insertion form twisted into the cord is only pure, for example.
  • the gathered form can be formed by other deformations, and water-soluble adhesives can also be arranged to hold the gathered form together.
  • Such a uniform distribution can now be achieved when using such self-distributing mesh-shaped reinforcement elements, this together, ie in combination with other known fibrous reinforcement elements in the form of individual fibers such as glass fibers, steel fibers, plastic fibers, carbon fibers, asbestos fibers, natural fibers etc.
  • One or more of these types of fibers can be used together with the mesh reinforcement element, whereby the fiber lengths can be different, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • reinforcing fibers which are individual fibers
  • the fiber network self-distributing during mixing, the individual fibers are evenly distributed by the spreading networks.
  • the nets also prevent the individual fibers from clumping together, since the nets prevent the individual fibers from doing so purely mechanically.
  • the individual fibers are thus guided through the networks in such a way that a uniform distribution of the individual fibers, and obviously also of the fiber networks, is achieved in the reinforced concrete piece.
  • a test specimen was first made from unreinforced concrete. A bending tensile strength of approximately 32 kg / cm 2 was measured for this concrete body, which value is a common average value for concrete. Then another concrete test piece was produced, to which a calculated optimal amount of steel fibers, namely 144 kg, was added. A bending tensile strength of this concrete steel specimen, which was reinforced only with steel fibers, was measured at approximately 68 kp / cm 2 . Thus, the steel fibers caused the bending tensile strength to be improved by approximately 36 kp / cm 2 .
  • Another concrete test specimen was produced, in which a calculated optimal amount of 1 kg of the reticulated polypropylene fiber reinforcement of a plastic reticulated concrete test specimen of approximately 36 kp / cm 2 was measured. So the improvement in bending tensile strength was 4 kp / cm 2 .
  • the quality of the concrete also depends on the even distribution of the aggregates with different grain sizes. It is not only important how evenly a certain grain size (i.e. e.g. gravel bodies with a diameter of only 5 mm) is distributed in the poured concrete, but also what the proportions of the different grain sizes are.
  • a certain grain size i.e. e.g. gravel bodies with a diameter of only 5 mm
  • the aggregates for the production of concrete have to follow certain rules, among other things, with regard to grain sizes.
  • the curve the grain structure of the aggregates ie the so-called sieve curve
  • A denotes the residue in percent by weight
  • B the mesh size or round hole size in mm
  • C passage in percent by weight.
  • curve S indicates mean values with respect to permissible scatter ranges, which is known to the person skilled in the art. (The corresponding curve S according to DIN 1045 is defined as "particularly good”.)
  • This sieve curve which is based on purely technical conditions and knowledge, determines the percentage distribution of the aggregates of different grain sizes in order to obtain a (unreinforced) high-quality concrete.
  • fiber length instead of using only a predetermined length of the respective fibers, fibers of the same material with different lengths are used, however, analogously to the different grain sizes of the additives.
  • the percentage distribution of the amounts of the respective fiber lengths with respect to the grain sizes of the additives follows the recognized law.
  • Another property to be considered for reinforcement fibers is the modulus of elasticity of the materials from which the fibers are made. This means that the fiber reinforcement not only has to consist of only two fiber groups in accordance with the above (but can also be used in practice), but the polypropylene network together with steel fibers and / or glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or asbestos fibers and / or other plastic fibers, e.g. Aramid etc. is to be used.
  • the known sieve curve S according to FIG. 3 forms the basis of the percentage quantity distribution of the fiber reinforcements with respect to the elastic modulus, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • F means the amount in%
  • G the modulus of elasticity in kp / cm 2 , representing different substances
  • curve U again corresponds to curve S in FIG. 3.
  • the diagram in FIG. 5 shows that an optimal distribution of the quantities of respective reinforcement elements with respect to the modulus of elasticity is as follows:
  • the regularity of the quantity distribution with respect to the fiber length according to curve T of FIG. 4 is now combined with the regularity of the quantity distribution with regard to the modulus of elasticity according to curve U of FIG. 5.
  • predetermined proportions of fibers are selected with regard to fiber length and modulus of elasticity of the different materials.
  • the fibers are usually produced by (e.g. in the case of plastic fibers) dividing or cutting a film, so that either the closed fiber network, open fiber networks or individual fibers are produced, or (e.g. in the case of steel fibers or glass fibers), continuously produced wires are cut.
  • the fiber structures can now be twisted before cutting to produce the fibers of a predetermined length (the wires are twisted before cutting or are connected to one another by means of adhesives), so that there are several cord-shaped structures with different materials. All these cord-like structures are then twisted together again, so that a thicker cord made of the most varied reinforcement materials is present, which cord is then finally cut into individual pieces. will cut.
  • these pieces of cord retain their shape due to the pretension, friction etc. imparted during twisting, or water-soluble adhesives are used.
  • the number of twists, the adhesive etc. is predetermined from tests and selected in such a way that the reinforcement cords can be entered into the concrete mixing machine together with the additives, and after the standardized concrete mixing time has ended due to the self-distributing fiber network that is always present, uniform over the Cross section of the reinforced concrete body are distributed.
  • the fiber reinforcement described can also be used for tar and bitumen coverings in order to prevent large cracks from forming and a crack pattern. to produce fine cracks, into which cracks no water can enter and freeze, so that frost damage can largely be prevented on roads etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
EP80101468A 1979-05-03 1980-03-20 Armature fibreuse pour éléments de construction et revêtements à liant de ciment ou de bitume Expired EP0018491B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101468T ATE4337T1 (de) 1979-05-03 1980-03-20 Faserfoermige bewehrung fuer zement- und bitumengebundene bauteile und belaege.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4153/79 1979-05-03
CH415379A CH640593A5 (de) 1979-05-03 1979-05-03 Faserfoermige bewehrung fuer zement- und bitumengebundene bauteile.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0018491A2 true EP0018491A2 (fr) 1980-11-12
EP0018491A3 EP0018491A3 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0018491B1 EP0018491B1 (fr) 1983-07-27

Family

ID=4270796

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80101468A Expired EP0018491B1 (fr) 1979-05-03 1980-03-20 Armature fibreuse pour éléments de construction et revêtements à liant de ciment ou de bitume

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4346135A (fr)
EP (1) EP0018491B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE4337T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH640593A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3064358D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4662946A (en) * 1982-10-05 1987-05-05 Mercer Frank B Strengthening a matrix
US6753081B1 (en) 2001-02-21 2004-06-22 Forta Corporation Fiber reinforcement material, products made therefrom, and method for making the same
US7168232B2 (en) * 2001-02-21 2007-01-30 Forta Corporation Fiber reinforcement material, products made thereform, and method for making the same
US20090075073A1 (en) * 2006-11-13 2009-03-19 Biddle Daniel T Light weight concrete product containing synthetic fibers
US8114514B1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2012-02-14 Forta Corporation Reinforcement composition and method thereof
US9321686B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-04-26 Forta Corporation Reinforcement fiber coating compositions, methods of making and treating, and uses for improved adhesion to asphalt and portland cement concrete
KR102003670B1 (ko) * 2018-08-03 2019-07-25 한국건설기술연구원 텍스타일 그리드 고정장치를 이용한 텍스타일 보강 콘크리트 구조물 및 그 시공방법
AU2019240725B1 (en) * 2019-10-07 2020-08-27 Duy Huu Nguyen Fiber-reinforced concrete – guided distribution methods for fibers in conventional construction

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1429167A (en) * 1972-03-22 1976-03-24 Univ Toronto fibre reinforced composites
US4133928A (en) * 1972-03-22 1979-01-09 The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto Fiber reinforcing composites comprising portland cement having embedded therein precombined absorbent and reinforcing fibers
US4021258A (en) * 1972-09-25 1977-05-03 Teijin Limited Concrete structure and method of preparing same
CH574025A5 (fr) * 1974-01-24 1976-03-31 Arnheiter Ag Forta Seilwerke
CA1056178A (fr) * 1976-01-19 1979-06-12 Morris Schupack Panneaux armes de construction et methode de fabrication connexe
SE7805109L (sv) * 1977-05-05 1978-11-06 Eternit Fab Dansk As Fiberforsterkta byggprodukter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH640593A5 (de) 1984-01-13
ATE4337T1 (de) 1983-08-15
DE3064358D1 (en) 1983-09-01
EP0018491B1 (fr) 1983-07-27
US4346135A (en) 1982-08-24
EP0018491A3 (en) 1981-01-07

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