EP0056476B1 - Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz - Google Patents

Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0056476B1
EP0056476B1 EP19810110641 EP81110641A EP0056476B1 EP 0056476 B1 EP0056476 B1 EP 0056476B1 EP 19810110641 EP19810110641 EP 19810110641 EP 81110641 A EP81110641 A EP 81110641A EP 0056476 B1 EP0056476 B1 EP 0056476B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
calorific value
pressure
propane
higher calorific
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810110641
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0056476A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Dipl.-Ing. Brumshagen
Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Papmahl
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LGA GASTECHNIK GmbH
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LGA GASTECHNIK GmbH
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Application filed by LGA GASTECHNIK GmbH filed Critical LGA GASTECHNIK GmbH
Publication of EP0056476A1 publication Critical patent/EP0056476A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/06—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the calorific value of a gas of low calorific value, e.g. Natural gas, coke gas, by adding a gas of higher calorific value, e.g. Propane, propane mixture, in which a gas is heated and the two gases are mixed together by means of atomization, the heating being carried out by means of a heat exchanger.
  • a gas of low calorific value e.g. Natural gas, coke gas
  • a gas of higher calorific value e.g. Propane, propane mixture
  • a gas component with a higher calorific value is often added to the gas with a lower calorific value, natural gas generally being the addition of propane.
  • propane is to be understood as pure propane, propane with a mixture of ethanes, propane with a mixture of butanes or propane mixed with ethane and butane.
  • the natural gas or the like is heated in a side stream and the gas component of higher calorific value, in particular propane, is injected into this heated gas stream. After a mixing section, the side stream is reintroduced into the main line.
  • propane the gas component of higher calorific value
  • the side stream is reintroduced into the main line.
  • Another conventional method overcomes the disadvantage of the method described above by evaporating the propane to be added to the natural gas.
  • the pressure of the propane vapor will only be slightly above the gas pressure in the natural gas pipeline, which in regional distribution systems will be in the range of 20 to 35 bar.
  • the entrainment of liquid propane into the gas flow must be prevented via a large steam chamber or a downstream separator, since the liquid phase in the steam line leads to liquid hammer and irregularities in the downstream volume control.
  • there is a complex regulation for the liquid level in the evaporator and the quantity regulation of the admixture In addition to the high expenditure on equipment, there is a complex regulation for the liquid level in the evaporator and the quantity regulation of the admixture. This evaporation system also leads to difficulties in the liquid level control in the evaporator with increasing pressures near the critical pressure of propane.
  • the object of the invention is to carry out the enrichment of the gas of low calorific value, in particular natural gas, by admixing a gas component of higher calorific value, primarily propane or the like, in a safer and more effective manner.
  • the invention is characterized in that the gas of higher calorific value, e.g.
  • Propane or the like brought to a pressure above its two-phase range (wet steam area), then heated and then mixed with the gas of low calorific value, the heating of the gas of higher calorific value being carried out to such an extent that, when this gas expands, to the pressure of the Gas of low calorific value and further up to the partial pressure of the gas of higher calorific value, the relaxation in the gas mixture takes place outside the wet steam area of the gas of higher calorific value.
  • the gas of low calorific value flowing through the high output remains untreated and the amount of heat necessary for a complete gas mixture is obtained with the temperature of the gas of low calorific value in the pipeline essentially unchanged by heating the mixture to be mixed Gases supplied.
  • the gas with a higher calorific value ie propane or the like
  • propane or the like is fed directly into the natural gas line without the gas temperature having to be raised.
  • the heated gas of higher calorific value can be injected immediately at a corresponding pressure. If the pressure of the gas of low calorific value is below the critical pressure of the gas of higher calorific value explained above, the higher pressure in the heater for the gas of higher calorific value is advantageously ensured via a pressure control, immediately after heating the gas of higher calorific value Calorific value. Any excess amount of the gas component with a higher calorific value can be returned to its storage room. This is conveniently done immediately after the pump, i.e. the cold area of the gas of higher calorific value, e.g. of the propane. This allows the overflow line to be returned to the storage tank.
  • the pump i.e. the cold area of the gas of higher calorific value, e.g. of the propane.
  • the heating of the gas with a higher calorific value can expediently be carried out by means of a heat transfer circuit. It can be done by means of the heat exchanger by high pressure steam, the boiler for generating the high pressure steam using the gas of the low calorific value, e.g. Natural gas, or the gas of higher calorific value, e.g. Propane to be heated.
  • the gas of the low calorific value e.g. Natural gas
  • the gas of higher calorific value e.g. Propane to be heated.
  • the temperature in line 1 does not differentiate 278 K.
  • propane should be added, avoiding the elimination of liquid propane and heavier gas components in the transport line.
  • Propane is brought from the storage facility 2 to the pressure required for injection at 3 into the natural gas line 1, e.g. by means of a multi-stage centrifugal pump 4.
  • Excess propane is conveyed back to the storage facility 2 via a control valve 5 and the line 6.
  • a quantity control takes place via a corresponding control device 7 for regulating the addition of propane.
  • the values of a device 8 relating to temperature, pressure and gas analysis, a device 9 relating to dew point determination and a device 10 relating to quantity measurement are introduced into device 7.
  • a control line 11 leads to the control valve 5 via a quantity measuring device 12 to the control valve 5.
  • the propane determined by the quantity control in a heat exchanger 14 is heated to approximately 400 K and is conducted via an insulated line 15 to the injection element 3 on the natural gas line 1. Mixing with the natural gas takes place there with cooling of the propane.
  • the boiler 18 can be used, for example, to produce high-pressure steam by burning propane, natural gas or another fuel.
  • the output of the boiler 18 is regulated by means of a further control line 19 and a temperature measuring device 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the method of FIG. 1 in an i-logp state diagram.
  • Line 1 describes the pressure increase in the liquid area from the storage pressure to approx. 60 bar (the pump pressure will be above the natural gas pressure due to the device-related pressure losses).
  • Line 2 illustrates the temperature increase and volume change due to the supply of heat.
  • a propane addition of 8 mol% may be possible without the formation of hydrocarbon condensate. This will correspond to a partial pressure of the propane in the gas mixture of 4.8 bar.
  • the relaxation The propane takes place without work, heat supply or removal from the total mixture, ie adiabatic (enthalpy constant), and is represented by line 3. The relaxation takes place in the gas area. A two-phase formation with the possibility of separating liquid is avoided.
  • This representation of the propane expansion to the partial pressure in the natural gas mixture is a simplification, which is only intended to illustrate how the energy required for the mixture is taken from the heated propane.
  • the dashed line indicates how the state of the propane changes in the conventional process, whereby a liquid propane phase with the possible risk of separation on the pipe wall is present until it is completely mixed with the natural gas, from which energy is simultaneously extracted.
  • propane is intended to increase the calorific value, although an addition of 15 mol% of dew point problems cannot be expected.
  • Propane is extracted from propane storage 2a (Fig. 3) by means of a positive displacement pump 4a, e.g. a diaphragm metering pump for volume control, brought to a pressure of approx. 50 bar.
  • a pressure regulator 22 keeps this pressure constant since the gas pressure in the coke gas line 1 a is significantly lower.
  • the pump 4a feeds into a buffer or storage container 23. This serves as a pulsation damper or storage of cold propane. If the pressure regulator 22 were to shut off the propane feed line 15a, the propane expanding in the heater 14 could relax in the storage tank 23. However, only cold propane is pressed into the storage container 2a via the pressure relief valve 24 of the storage container 23. This prevents warm propane from relaxing directly into the atmosphere.
  • the heat exchanger 14 and the heat transfer circuit 16, 17, 18 can be designed as in Example 1, FIG. 1.
  • the device 7a for regulating the addition of propane is supplied with measured values from the device 25 relating to calorific value determination and the device 26 relating to quantity measurement, volume, temperature and pressure.
  • a control line 11 leads to the propane metering pump 4a.
  • the propane quantity control corresponds to the gas requirement and the calorific value is set directly on the metering pump by changing the flow rate.
  • Example 2 The procedures of Example 2 are shown in the propane state diagram of FIG. 4.
  • Line 1 represents the pressure increase of the propane
  • line 2 the heating to approx. 390 K.
  • the pressure regulator 22 and the injection point 3 the throttling to the line pressure of 20 bar takes place (line 3).
  • line 4 The further expansion of propane to the partial pressure of approx. 3 bar in the gas mixture is shown by line 4 and should only be seen as an approximation.
  • the injection device 3 advantageously consists of a container or a tube extension 28 and one or more injection nozzles 29, the arrangement of the nozzles guaranteeing thorough mixing, e.g. when injected in the counterflow direction to the coke gas flow.
  • a spring-loaded design can be selected. If there are several nozzles, these can be equipped with spring loads of different sizes in order to ensure that the nozzles start working one after the other with increasing pre-pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz à faible pouvoir calorifique, par exemple un gaz naturel ou un gaz de cokerie, par addition d'un composant gazeux ayant un pouvoir calorifique plus élevé, par exemple, du propane ou un mélange à base de propane selon lequel on chauffe un gaz et on mélange ensemble les deux gaz en les injectant l'un dans l'autre, le chauffage étant exécuté au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur, caractérisé en ce qu'on porte le gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé, à une pression supérieure à son domaine de présence des deux phases (domaine de vapeur saturante), puis, on le chauffe et on le mélange ensuite avec le gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus bas, le chauffage du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé étant réalisé à un degré tel que, lors de la détente de ce gaz à la pression du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus bas et ensuite jusqu'à la pression partielle du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé, la détente dans le mélange gazeux se déroule en dehors du domaine de la vapeur saturante du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où la pression du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus bas est au-dessous de la pression critique par rapport au domaine de la vapeur saturante du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé, on maintient la pression élevée pendant le chauffage du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé par un réglage de la pression après le chauffage du composant gazeux ayant le pouvoir de la pression après le chauffage du composant gazeux ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on recycle le volume excédentaire extrait du composant gazeux ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé dans le réservoir de stockage de ce gaz.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait passer le composant gazeux à pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé mis en pression dans une chambre d'accumulation avant le chauffage.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on procède au chauffage du composant ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé au moyen d'un circuit caloporteur.
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'injection du composant ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé s'effectue dans un élargissement tubulaire (28) (ou dans un réservoir) de la conduite dans laquelle circule le gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus bas.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'injection du composant ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus élevé s'effectue à contre-courant du gaz ayant le pouvoir calorifique le plus bas.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue l'injection avec des buses (29) chargées par des ressorts.
9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, avec plusieurs buses, on utilise des ressorts ayant des forces différentes de façon qu'à mesure que la pression augmente, les buses s'ouvrent l'une après l'autre.
EP19810110641 1981-01-15 1981-12-21 Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz Expired EP0056476B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3101063 1981-01-15
DE19813101063 DE3101063C2 (de) 1981-01-15 1981-01-15 Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Heizwertes eines Gases

Publications (2)

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EP0056476A1 EP0056476A1 (fr) 1982-07-28
EP0056476B1 true EP0056476B1 (fr) 1984-07-11

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EP19810110641 Expired EP0056476B1 (fr) 1981-01-15 1981-12-21 Procédé pour augmenter le pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100419050C (zh) * 2005-07-14 2008-09-17 上海联翔置业有限公司 一种混空轻烃燃气掺混煤制气的制作城市混合燃气的方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR778039A (fr) * 1933-07-24 1935-03-07 Perfectionnements aux mélanges combustibles gazeux
FR1052823A (fr) * 1951-03-16 1954-01-28 Aerogen Company Ltd Perfectionnements apportés à la fabrication des gaz
FR1345594A (fr) * 1962-08-16 1963-12-13 Industriebedarf Ges M B H Procédé de carburation de gaz
FR2296811A1 (fr) * 1974-12-31 1976-07-30 Exxon Procede et appareil pour produire un gaz combustible constitue par des hydrocarbures legers dilues avec un gaz porteur

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DE3101063C2 (de) 1985-10-31
EP0056476A1 (fr) 1982-07-28
DE3101063A1 (de) 1982-07-22

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