EP0063547B1 - Cuve d'électrolyse - Google Patents

Cuve d'électrolyse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0063547B1
EP0063547B1 EP82810159A EP82810159A EP0063547B1 EP 0063547 B1 EP0063547 B1 EP 0063547B1 EP 82810159 A EP82810159 A EP 82810159A EP 82810159 A EP82810159 A EP 82810159A EP 0063547 B1 EP0063547 B1 EP 0063547B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
volcanic ash
layer
alumina
insulation
electrolytic reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82810159A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0063547A1 (fr
Inventor
Sveinn Snaeland
Ragnar Halldorsson
Alwis Franke
Einar Gudmundsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schweizerische Aluminium AG filed Critical Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority to AT82810159T priority Critical patent/ATE12263T1/de
Publication of EP0063547A1 publication Critical patent/EP0063547A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0063547B1 publication Critical patent/EP0063547B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/085—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes characterised by its non electrically conducting heat insulating parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrolysis pan, in particular for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis, consisting of an outer steel pan, a heat-insulating layer, an inner lining consisting essentially of carbon and a leak barrier between the inner lining and the insulating layer.
  • an electrolysis pan in particular for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis, consisting of an outer steel pan, a heat-insulating layer, an inner lining consisting essentially of carbon and a leak barrier between the inner lining and the insulating layer.
  • Such a structure is known from FR-A-2 388 901.
  • the productive part of the energy consumption is needed to reduce the cations to metallic aluminum. This productive part of energy consumption cannot be reduced.
  • the unproductive energy losses can be divided into various losses, all of which affect the environment as heat losses. These heat losses can be controlled and must be kept to a minimum.
  • the heat generated during the electrolysis process always flows to colder parts of the tub, from where it escapes into the environment and thus draws energy from the production process.
  • a thermal insulation layer has therefore been embedded in the outer steel trough for a long time.
  • Shaped bodies made of diatomaceous earth or moler stone are usually used. New moler stones have excellent insulation properties, but they are very sensitive to bath components that penetrate the carbon lining. For this reason, the innermost layer is often made from less sensitive, but also poorly insulating refractory bricks. Stones can be easily stacked on top of each other and in this way both the side walls and the horizontal tub floor can be easily insulated.
  • Alumina is inert to bath components penetrating the carbon lining, but the thermal insulation capacity of a new tub floor lined with alumina is relatively low.
  • moler stones and alumina as insulation is a considerable cost factor for an aluminum smelter because both materials have to be described as expensive.
  • Moler stones also have the disadvantage that they lose their good properties with regard to thermal insulation continuously as soon as they are impregnated by bath components penetrating through the carbon lining.
  • an electrolysis bath can lose most of its thermal insulation capacity before a third of its normal lifespan, for example five years. In other words, this means that the electrolytic cell will run for two to three years without effective thermal insulation, and so considerable amounts of energy will be lost to the environment over a long period of time.
  • the inventors have set themselves the task of creating a heat insulation layer for an electrolysis bath, which has good insulation properties over the entire service life of the bath, but can be produced with significantly less investment than the previous embodiments.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that at least the lower 80% of the floor insulation consists of a volcanic ash layer solidified by mechanical means, the remaining floor insulation consists of a leak barrier known per se, which shields the volcanic ash against bath components penetrating the carbon lining.
  • Volcanic ash is abundant in many countries as a natural raw material and can be obtained with little effort.
  • the volcanic ash obtained as coarse granulate with a natural average grain size of 5 - 30 mm is light and porous. As a rule, it also has the necessary mechanical strength.
  • the black Icelandic has proven to be particularly cheap Volcanic ash has been proven, which can be poured unchanged as floor insulation into the tub and mechanically compacted by pounding and / or vibrating.
  • the volcanic ash layer is made as thick as possible, so that the remaining leak barrier can still be made sufficiently thick for an optimal age of the tub. Therefore, at least the lower 90% of the floor insulation preferably consists of volcanic ash.
  • Powdered alumina which is also used for the electrolysis process for the production of aluminum, is preferably poured onto the compressed insulation layer made of volcanic ash.
  • the previous compression of the volcanic ash prevents alumina from seeping in on a larger scale and thus reducing the insulating properties of the volcanic ash.
  • a thinly formed, approx. 3 - 6 cm thick layer of clay is sufficient for the function as a leak barrier.
  • an impermeable, flexible graphite membrane which is connected with a thin steel foil, can be inserted between volcanic ash and alumina (cf. TMS Paper No. LM 78-19 or DE-OS 2 817 202).
  • the single figure shows a schematic vertical partial section through an electrolysis trough, as is used for the production of aluminum by means of melt flow electrolysis.
  • a layer of mechanically compressed volcanic ash 12 is filled into a steel trough 10. About 15 cm of clay 14 are poured onto this approximately 25 cm high ash layer. The side wall of the steel tub 10 is insulated with moler or firebricks 16. Finally, the carbon lining 18, which may contain cathode bars, not shown, is used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Cuve d'électrolyse, en particulier pour la fabrication d'aluminium par électrolyse ignée, constituée d'une cuve extérieure en acier, d'une couche d'isolation calorifuge et d'une garniture interne essentiellement constituée de carbone, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins les 80% inférieurs de l'isolation du fond sont constitués d'une couche de lave volcanique (12) fixée par des moyens mécaniques, le solde de l'isolation du fond étant constitué d'une barrière de fuite (14) qui protège la lave volcanique contre les composants du bain qui pénètrent à travers la garniture de carbone (18).
2. Cuve d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins les 90% inférieurs sont constitués d'une couche de lave volcanique (12).
3. Cuve d'électrolyse selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la barrière de fuite (14) est constituée d'alumine pulvérulente.
4. Cuve d'électrolyse selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une membrane de graphite flexible et imperméable, liée à une feuille support en acier, sépare la lave volcanique (12) et l'alumine (14).
EP82810159A 1981-04-22 1982-04-14 Cuve d'électrolyse Expired EP0063547B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82810159T ATE12263T1 (de) 1981-04-22 1982-04-14 Elektrolysewanne.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2626/81A CH653711A5 (de) 1981-04-22 1981-04-22 Elektrolysewanne.
CH2626/81 1981-04-22
DE3116273A DE3116273C2 (de) 1981-04-22 1981-04-24 Elektrolysewanne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0063547A1 EP0063547A1 (fr) 1982-10-27
EP0063547B1 true EP0063547B1 (fr) 1985-03-20

Family

ID=25690974

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82810159A Expired EP0063547B1 (fr) 1981-04-22 1982-04-14 Cuve d'électrolyse

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4430187A (fr)
EP (1) EP0063547B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU8286082A (fr)
CA (1) CA1190516A (fr)
CH (1) CH653711A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3116273C2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA822643B (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO150007C (no) * 1982-03-05 1984-08-01 Sintef Sperreskikt for aluminiumelektrolyseovner.
FR2546183B1 (fr) * 1983-05-16 1985-07-05 Pechiney Aluminium Ecran sous-cathodique comportant des zones deformables, pour les cuves d'electrolyse hall-heroult
GB8316058D0 (en) * 1983-06-13 1983-07-20 Alcan Int Ltd Aluminium electrolytic reduction cell linings
DE3327230A1 (de) * 1983-07-28 1985-02-07 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen Auskleidung fuer elektrolysewanne zur herstellung von aluminium
CH657629A5 (de) * 1983-08-25 1986-09-15 Alusuisse Elektrolysewanne.
EP0193491A1 (fr) * 1985-02-15 1986-09-03 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Cuve d'électrolyse
EP0197003A1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1986-10-08 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Cuve d'électrolyse pour la production d'aluminium
US4822388A (en) * 1987-02-27 1989-04-18 Gee Kenneth H Method of operating mineral wool cupolas and using spent electrolytic aluminum pot lining
DE4201490A1 (de) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-22 Otto Feuerfest Gmbh Feuerfestes material fuer elektrolyseoefen, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung des feuerfesten materials
RU2155305C2 (ru) * 1999-08-31 2000-08-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Красноярский алюминиевый завод" Холоднонабивная подовая масса
CN101838821A (zh) * 2010-03-12 2010-09-22 王国斌 铝电解槽新型内衬

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428545A (en) 1962-10-22 1969-02-18 Arthur F Johnson Carbon furnace electrode assembly
US3434958A (en) 1967-01-04 1969-03-25 Arthur F Johnson Electrolytic cell bottom construction
DE2105247C3 (de) 1971-02-04 1980-06-12 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag, Zuerich (Schweiz) Ofen für die Schmelzflußelektrolyse von Aluminium
US3723286A (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-03-27 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Aluminum reduction cell
FR2338336A1 (fr) * 1976-01-13 1977-08-12 Pechiney Aluminium Nouveau procede de brasquage des cuves pour electrolyse ignee
US4175022A (en) 1977-04-25 1979-11-20 Union Carbide Corporation Electrolytic cell bottom barrier formed from expanded graphite
US4160715A (en) * 1978-06-28 1979-07-10 Aluminum Company Of America Electrolytic furnace lining

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA822643B (en) 1983-03-30
CH653711A5 (de) 1986-01-15
CA1190516A (fr) 1985-07-16
US4430187A (en) 1984-02-07
AU8286082A (en) 1982-10-28
DE3116273C2 (de) 1983-03-03
DE3116273A1 (de) 1982-11-18
EP0063547A1 (fr) 1982-10-27

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