EP0081231A2 - Procédé pour la production des substances aromatiques à partir d'un extrait de tabac - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production des substances aromatiques à partir d'un extrait de tabac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0081231A2
EP0081231A2 EP82111300A EP82111300A EP0081231A2 EP 0081231 A2 EP0081231 A2 EP 0081231A2 EP 82111300 A EP82111300 A EP 82111300A EP 82111300 A EP82111300 A EP 82111300A EP 0081231 A2 EP0081231 A2 EP 0081231A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
extraction
pressure
extract
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82111300A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0081231B1 (fr
EP0081231A3 (en
Inventor
Adam Dr. Müller
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813148335 external-priority patent/DE3148335C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19823218760 external-priority patent/DE3218760A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to BR8302980A priority Critical patent/BR8302980A/pt
Publication of EP0081231A2 publication Critical patent/EP0081231A2/fr
Publication of EP0081231A3 publication Critical patent/EP0081231A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0081231B1 publication Critical patent/EP0081231B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a new product, a clear tobacco aroma oil, free of polyphenols, resins and waxes, with a reduced (reduced) nicotine content of 5 to 50% relative (based on the tobacco from which the tobacco aroma oil originates) and with which the typical tobacco smell used in each case.
  • the invention relates to a method for separating clear tobacco aroma oil from tobacco extract and its use according to the claims.
  • the flavoring of tobacco plays a special role in the manufacture of tobacco products. Attempts to partially or wholly obtain the tobacco aroma oil typical of the respective tobacco from aroma-strong tobacco or tobacco waste in order to add it to other, low-aroma tobacco of the same provenance have so far failed because an absolute (clear) tobacco aroma oil free of resins and waxes with reduced nicotine content.
  • DE-OS 21 28 779 describes a process for the production of flavorings and the. Conversion of aroma precursors from tobacco, by extracting the tobacco with one or more solvents which are in the eluotropic range between trichlorethylene and ethyl acetate and activating the aroma precursors from the extract obtained by heat treatment between 110 and 180 °.
  • the aroma products obtained by this process represent a wax-like, resinous mass which contains all waxes and resins as well as polyphenols and almost all nicotine of the starting product.
  • DE-OS 21 42 205 describes a process for the selective, aroma-preserving extraction of nicotine from tobacco, - in the first stage of which the aroma is extracted from the dry tobacco by treatment with dry, supercritical gases (for example CO 2 ), which is then temporarily removed from the Separation container B remains until the tobacco in container A has been removed from the nicotine by a second process stage with the help of moist CO 2 , which is then separated out in container D.
  • the flavoring substances in container B are dissolved with, for example, supercritical CO 2 , returned to container A and deposited there on the tobacco.
  • This process is expensive in terms of tobacco aroma extraction and exploitation and is inefficient because the product obtained in the first stage is not a clear liquid tobacco aroma oil that can be separated from resins and waxes, but is a paste that contains almost all undesirable waxes and resins of the starting product and undesirable ones Includes polyphenols.
  • these wax and resinous substances prevent the even distribution and aroma transfer when rearomatizing a tobacco to be loaded.
  • One of the disadvantages of the polyphenols is that they impair the smoky taste.
  • DE-OS 28 44 781 describes a method for the extractive treatment of plant and animal material, i.a.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain a clear, absolute tobacco aroma oil which contains almost all the aroma substances of the starting product qualitatively and quantitatively, is free from resins, waxes and polyphenols and whose nicotine content - compared to the starting product - is greatly reduced.
  • tobacco is fermented tobacco leaves, stems, stems or dust, and tobacco waste.
  • tobacco primary extract is an ethyl acetate with customary organic solvents, in particular benzene, toluene, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, methyln-propane, diethyl ether, acetone, n-propane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, dichloromethane or Trichloromethane, or extract made with mixtures of these solvents.
  • a primary extract according to the present invention further provides a C0 2 extract, that is, with the aid of CO 2 produced as a solvent extract.
  • Adsorbents for the purposes of the present invention are all common adsorbents, in particular activated carbon, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium aluminum silicate, bleaching earth, bentonite, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, zeolitic molecular sieves etc.
  • Tobacco aroma oil in the sense of the present invention is an absolutely clear, tobacco aromatic, oily liquid at normal temperature - free of resins and waxes, free of polyphenols, with a reduced nicotine content of 5 to 50% relative (in particular 10 to 40% relative) based on the tobacco from which the tobacco extract originates - which shows no clouding or precipitation when 95% by weight ethanol is added.
  • the preparation of the tobacco primary extract used according to the invention consists in particular in extracting the tobacco in one of the abovementioned solvents or (in the case of organic solvents) in a solvent mixture.
  • 1 part by weight of pre-shredded tobacco is preferably extracted with about 3 to 30 parts by weight of one of the solvents mentioned (preferably CO 2 , n-hexane or dichloromethane).
  • the primary extraction takes place for at least 10 minutes and at most 10 hours, preferably for 1 to 5 hours.
  • the primary extraction takes place under normal pressure conditions. If organic solvents are used, the primary extraction takes place under normal pressure conditions. If CO 2 is used in the primary extraction, the pressure and temperature conditions in the extraction container and separating container, as well as the extraction time and CO 2 flow rate are identical to those specified below in connection with the (single-stage) secondary extraction (see page 10, Lines 5 to 19, page 11, lines 12 to 32).
  • the evaporation is preferably carried out under reduced pressure, particularly preferably at about 15 torr. If C0 2 is used, the evaporation takes place in the separating container, as already explained above, under the pressure and temperature conditions as specified below for the (single-stage) secondary extraction.
  • a tobacco primary extract obtained in this way contains, among other things. Polyphenols, resins / waxes, nicotine and, as the inventor has determined, is in an easily accessible form which is particularly suitable for the subsequent secondary extraction (with CO 2 ),
  • the tobacco primary extract obtained is now according to the invention. mixed intensively with an adsorbent until there is an even distribution between extract and adsorbent.
  • Particularly preferred adsorbents are: sodium aluminum silicate, bentonite, magnesium oxide or zeolitic molecular sieves.
  • the mixing ratio of extract: adsorbent is variable and can be adjusted depending on the consistency of the extract, the density and particle size of the adsorbent and the desired consistency of the mixed product. In general, a mixture ratio of extract: adsorbent between 1: 0.1 to 1:10 is sufficient; preference is given to a powdery extract mixture with an extract: adsorbent mixing ratio of 1: 0.3 to 1: 6.
  • the extract / adsorbent mixture should not fall below the ratio 1: 0.1, because the adsorbent used according to the invention, the dissolving of the flavoring substances in the subsequent secondary extraction with CO 2 (in the extraction container) and the separation in the separating container as clear absolute, easily separable from resins and waxes Tobacco aroma oil significantly influenced.
  • a mixture ratio of more than 1:10 also gives a good detachment and separation of the tobacco aroma oil, although a larger pressure vessel volume has to be accepted.
  • the mixture of primary extract and adsorbent is' in a first pressure vessel (extraction vessel), preferably high pressure vessel, with CO 2 under certain pressure and Treated temperature conditions until all the aromas are present in the second pressure vessel (separator vessel) downstream of the extraction vessel as an oily liquid that can easily be separated from resins and waxes.
  • extraction vessel preferably high pressure vessel
  • second pressure vessel separator vessel
  • This secondary extraction with C0 2 by the method of the invention is achieved by supercritically using the C0 2 used for extracting the extract / adsorbent mixture with respect to pressure and temperature (> 73 bar and> 31.3 ° C) or with respect to Keeps pressure and temperature subcritical ( ⁇ 73 bar and ⁇ 31.3 ° C) or supercritical with regard to pressure (> 73 bar) and subcritical with regard to temperature ( ⁇ 31.3 ° C).
  • pressures from 85 to 250 bar and temperatures from + 35 ° C to + 90 ° C are preferred.
  • pressures from 25 to 70 bar and temperatures from + 5 ° C to + 25 ° C are preferred.
  • pressures from 85 to 200 bar and temperatures from + 10 ° C to + 30 ° C are preferred.
  • an additional CO 2 extraction step can be carried out at a lower level between the claimed primary extraction and the claimed secondary extraction Temperatures are interposed.
  • the extract obtained in the primary extraction and mixed with the adsorbent is treated beforehand at CO 2 extraction temperatures from -25 ° C. to + 5 ° C.
  • nicotine and other secondary alkaloids are almost exclusively dissolved out of the primary extract / adsorbent mixture and in the separation container eliminated.
  • the nicotine obtained is removed from the separation container before the subsequent secondary extraction (aroma extraction) with CO 2 begins.
  • the separation conditions in the expansion tank are decisive for the quality and quantity of the product obtained according to the invention.
  • the relaxation pressures and relaxation temperatures are expediently in the subcritical range of C0 2 (subcritical pressure / subcritical temperature). Pressures of 45 to 65 bar and temperatures of 15 to 30 ° C are preferred; pressures of about 50 to 55 bar and temperatures of 20 to 25 ° C. are particularly preferred.
  • the separation in the expansion tank is preferably carried out with simultaneous pressure and temperature lowering than the pressure and temperature conditions prevailing in the extraction tank .;
  • the amount of CO 2 flowing through the extraction container and the duration of the flow are also decisive for the procedure according to the invention.
  • Treatment times totaling 0.5 to 8 hours, preferably 1 to 5 hours, particularly preferably 2 to 4 hours are expedient;
  • a total amount of CO 2 is expedient from 0.3 to 35 kg / hour, preferably 3 to 30 kg / hour, particularly preferably 5 to 15 kg / hour, based on 1 kg of untreated tobacco.
  • a special characteristic of the tobacco aromatic oil obtained according to the invention is also that it has the tobacco smell typical of the starting tobacco used in each case. This characteristic clearly distinguishes it from all tobacco extracts known to date, because none of the conventional tobacco extracts made it possible to produce the typical smell of the respective starting tobacco. Based on this characteristic feature of the tobacco extract obtained according to the invention, it can be assumed that its material composition is completely new compared to the prior art.
  • the tobacco flavor is separated and obtained as a clear and absolute oil, and this. with measures that are easy to carry out and a particularly efficient result. No indication of the prior art could be found either for this process as such or for the product obtained.
  • the tobacco constituents which are obtained by primary extraction according to the procedure according to the invention, behave in a mixture with a powdery adsorbent and subsequent secondary extraction (with C0 2 ) with respect to their viscosity, their solubility and separation ratios very different from the same Ingredients that are only subjected to primary extraction (including CO 2 primary extraction), e.g. from tobacco leaves.
  • Aroma oils obtained in a conventional manner were only produced by steam distillation on a laboratory scale.
  • the oils obtained were of numerous foreign smells, e.g. Accompanied by chamomile, caraway, peppermint, valerian and amyl alcohol, which are probably caused by artifacts.
  • the yield of such tobacco oils was about 0.1 to 0.2%.
  • the tobacco aroma oil obtained according to the invention which has the typical and pure smell of the starting tobacco used in each case, stands in clear distinction from this. This is how it smells, for example the Havana tobacco flavored oil obtained from Havana tobacco, the Kentucky tobacco flavored oil obtained from Kentucky tobacco. In a similar way, aromatic oils obtained from Virginia, Orient or Burley tobacco show the very typical and pure smell of the respective tobacco variety. Because of this particular characteristic, which is clearly different from the prior art, it should be noted that the tobacco aromatic oil obtained according to the invention is completely new in its material composition compared to the products of the prior art.
  • the tobacco aromatic oil obtained in the manner according to the invention is free from foreign odors, free from polyphenols, resins and waxes, has a reduced nicotine content which is only 5 to 50% relative to the tobacco leaves used, and is obtained in yields of 0.8 to 2%. Get 5% (absolute oil).
  • the yield in the aromatization of tobacco i 50 ppm of the product obtained according to the invention, for example from Havana tobacco, already shows the same yield and intensity in the aroma as about 250 ppm of an aroma product from Havana tobacco obtained by known methods of steam distillation.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the tobacco aromatic oil obtained according to the invention for flavoring
  • Tobacco, or tobacco products this flavoring being able to be carried out either directly by tobacco or by aromatizing porous carrier material or tobacco adhesive material.
  • the tobacco aromatic oil according to the invention is not only suitable for flavoring weak-flavored tobacco or reconstituted tobacco by means of sauces ("casing"), but is also particularly suitable as a "top flavor".
  • porous carrier materials that are in contact with tobacco or tobacco products.
  • porous support materials can e.g. in the form of pieces of paper or clay, dummies, inner packaging material (e.g. for boxes, bags, etc.).
  • a further embodiment of flavoring using the tobacco aromatic oil according to the invention is also the addition to adhesive material for tobacco products.
  • adhesives as are commonly used for tobacco products, e.g. Adhesives for cigar covers, cigarette paper, etc.
  • the tobacco aroma oil obtained according to the invention can be used to decisively influence any fluctuations that occur during production (quality differences or other differences in the smoky taste) of the tobacco.
  • the amount of tobacco aromatic oil used to flavor tobacco or tobacco products can vary depending on the nature of the tobacco and the desired flavoring.
  • aroma oil obtained according to the invention from, for example, Havana tobacco, 25 to 100, particularly preferably 40 to 60 mg of tobacco aroma oil per are preferably used for loading kg of tobacco, ie 25 to 100 ppm, preferably 40 to 60 ppm.
  • Liquid CO 2 is removed from the tank 1 in the subcritical pressure and temperature state.
  • the heat exchanger 2 sets the CO 2 to the desired subcritical or supercritical temperature and the desired supercritical or subcritical pressure is achieved with the aid of the high pressure pump 3.
  • the CO 2 enters the extraction container 4, where the extraction of the mixture of primary extract and adsorbent takes place.
  • the extraction container 4 is filled and emptied with product discontinuously by opening and closing. the head opening after each extraction.
  • the pressure prevailing in the extraction container is determined with the pressure sensor 14.
  • the separation of the tobacco ingredients dissolved in the C0 2 is initiated by the pressure control valve 8 and supported by lowering the temperature in the heat exchanger 9.
  • the extracted tobacco components separate into a clear tobacco aroma oil and a waxy, resinous nicotine product, which are either removed continuously through the valve 17 or after the extraction has ended by opening the tank 10.
  • opening the valve 5 also causes the extraction side of the Device relieved of pressure.
  • the C0 2 emerging from the expansion tank 10 during the extraction is recirculated via line 11.
  • the device can be controlled by hand or by means of the electrical control unit 12, the inputs of which are the temperature measured with a temperature sensor 13 in the extraction container 4, the pressure measured with pressure transducers 14 and 15, and the CO 2 streams emerging from the pressure containers 4 and 10 as well as the flow rate measured with the flow meter 7.
  • the pressure control valve 8 and also the cooling capacity in the heat exchanger 9 are set as a function of these measured values.
  • Havana tobacco 1000 g Havana tobacco (water content 6.5%, nicotine content 1.27%) are crushed in a knife mill and exhaustively extracted in 10 liters of dichloromethane - and the solvent is evaporated off at a vacuum of 15 torr.
  • the mixture was treated for 120 minutes in a closed ochrikextratechnischs understandinger H at a pressure of 230 and a temperature of 65 ° C with CO 2.
  • the pressure on the relaxation side was 50 bar and the temperature was 24 ° C.
  • the flow rate of CO 2 is 6 kg / hour.
  • the yield of clear, absolute tobacco aroma oil was 2.25% of the tobacco used.
  • the nicotine content was 19.92%, which is 35% relative to the nicotine present in the tobacco.
  • the yield of the resin / wax deposit was 1.76%, the nicotine content 43% absolute, which is 60% relative to the nicotine present in the tobacco.
  • the tobacco aroma oil obtained was free from resins and waxes and showed no precipitation and no clouding when 95% by weight ethanol was added.
  • Treatment duration 3 hours.
  • Flow rate CO 2 8 kg / hour.
  • this mixture is subjected to a secondary extraction with CO 2 .
  • the tobacco aromatic oil obtained was free from resins, waxes and polyphenols and had the smell typical of Kentucky tobacco. No turbidity occurred when 95% by weight ethanol was added.
  • the yield of clear tobacco aroma oil was 1.55% of the tobacco used, the nicotine content was 9.55% absolute, which is 5.2% relative to the nicotine present in the tobacco.
  • the tobacco aroma oil obtained was free of resins and waxes, pointing to the addition of 95 G ew .-% - ethanol no precipitate and no turbidity.
  • the pressure on the relaxation side was 50 bar, the temperature + 20 ° C.
  • the flow rate of CO 2 is 10 kg / hour.
  • the yield of clear tobacco aroma oil was 1.2% of the tobacco used, the nicotine content was 23.2% absolute, which is 19.17% relative to the nicotine present in the tobacco.
  • the resin / wax deposit had a nicotine content of 57.2% absolute, which is 31.5% relative to the nicotine present in the tobacco.
  • the tobacco aroma oil obtained was free from resins and waxes and showed no precipitation and no clouding when 95% by weight ethanol was added.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
EP82111300A 1981-12-07 1982-12-07 Procédé pour la production des substances aromatiques à partir d'un extrait de tabac Expired EP0081231B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR8302980A BR8302980A (pt) 1982-12-07 1983-06-06 Processo para a obtencao de substancias aromaticas de um estrato de tabaco,oleo aromatico de tabaco claro e emprego

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3148335 1981-12-07
DE19813148335 DE3148335C2 (de) 1981-12-07 1981-12-07 Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Aromastoffen aus Tabak und deren Verwendung
DE19823218760 DE3218760A1 (de) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Klares tabak-aromaoel, sowie verfahren zu seiner gewinnung aus einem tabakextrakt und dessen verwendung
DE3218760 1982-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0081231A2 true EP0081231A2 (fr) 1983-06-15
EP0081231A3 EP0081231A3 (en) 1985-06-19
EP0081231B1 EP0081231B1 (fr) 1988-09-07

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EP82111300A Expired EP0081231B1 (fr) 1981-12-07 1982-12-07 Procédé pour la production des substances aromatiques à partir d'un extrait de tabac

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US (1) US4506682A (fr)
EP (1) EP0081231B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR880000170B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU555181B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3278987D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK528082A (fr)
GB (1) GB2111371B (fr)
IE (1) IE53724B1 (fr)
IN (1) IN158943B (fr)

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EP0822247A3 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1998-11-25 Müller Extract Company GmbH Huile aromatique de tabac pratiquement exempte de nicotine et son procédé de préparation
EP0908185A1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-14 Max Zeller Söhne AG Procédé de production d'extraits de plantes médicinales
EP1980163A1 (fr) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-15 Litesso-Anstalt Procédé de traitement de feuilles de tabac et feuilles de tabac tout comme leur utilisation
WO2009110775A1 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-11 Abat Murzagaliyev Procédé de production d’huile de tabac médicinale
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CH458905A (fr) * 1966-02-15 1968-06-30 Nestle Sa Procédé de préparation d'extraits de matières végétales
DE2043537C3 (de) * 1970-09-02 1975-08-07 Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh, 4330 Muelheim Verfahren zur Extraktion von Nikotin aus Tabak
US3847164A (en) * 1973-10-11 1974-11-12 Kimberly Clark Co Method of making reconstituted tobacco having reduced nitrates
DE2844781A1 (de) * 1978-10-13 1980-04-24 Hag Ag Verfahren zur extraktiven bearbeitung von pflanzlichen und tierischen materialien
GB2031707B (en) * 1978-10-20 1983-05-11 Philip Morris Inc Treatment of tobacco

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338831A3 (fr) * 1988-04-21 1990-05-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Procédé d'obtention d'extraits de tabac
EP0669151A1 (fr) * 1994-02-24 1995-08-30 Matsushita Electronics Corporation Méthode d'extraction de substance organique, solvant pour utilisation dans ladite méthode et méthode de mesure de la teneur en substance organique
US5714071A (en) * 1994-02-24 1998-02-03 Matsushita Electronics Corporation Method for extracting organic substance, solvent for use in said method, and method for measuring content of organic substance
EP0822247A3 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1998-11-25 Müller Extract Company GmbH Huile aromatique de tabac pratiquement exempte de nicotine et son procédé de préparation
EP0908185A1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-14 Max Zeller Söhne AG Procédé de production d'extraits de plantes médicinales
WO1999018984A1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-22 Max Zeller Soehne Ag Procede de production d'extraits de plantes medicinales
EP1980163A1 (fr) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-15 Litesso-Anstalt Procédé de traitement de feuilles de tabac et feuilles de tabac tout comme leur utilisation
WO2009110775A1 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-11 Abat Murzagaliyev Procédé de production d’huile de tabac médicinale
EP3624619A2 (fr) * 2017-05-15 2020-03-25 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Extrait de tabac liquide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0081231B1 (fr) 1988-09-07
DK528082A (da) 1983-06-08
GB2111371A (en) 1983-07-06
AU555181B2 (en) 1986-09-18
DE3278987D1 (en) 1988-10-13
IN158943B (fr) 1987-02-21
IE53724B1 (en) 1989-01-18
KR880000170B1 (ko) 1988-03-12
AU9118582A (en) 1983-06-16
IE822901L (en) 1983-06-07
KR840002624A (ko) 1984-07-16
EP0081231A3 (en) 1985-06-19
US4506682A (en) 1985-03-26
GB2111371B (en) 1985-09-11

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