EP0084276B1 - Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände - Google Patents

Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084276B1
EP0084276B1 EP82400022A EP82400022A EP0084276B1 EP 0084276 B1 EP0084276 B1 EP 0084276B1 EP 82400022 A EP82400022 A EP 82400022A EP 82400022 A EP82400022 A EP 82400022A EP 0084276 B1 EP0084276 B1 EP 0084276B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intercalated
wall
panels
panel
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82400022A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0084276A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Serre
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP82400022A priority Critical patent/EP0084276B1/de
Priority to AT82400022T priority patent/ATE19279T1/de
Priority to DE8282400022T priority patent/DE3270526D1/de
Publication of EP0084276A1 publication Critical patent/EP0084276A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0084276B1 publication Critical patent/EP0084276B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/243—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 one at least of the material being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prefabricated panels for the construction of walls of buildings, in particular of residential houses.
  • prefabricated panels comprising an outer wall comprising at least one plate formed of fibers linked together by a binder, and an inner wall connected to each other by a material insulating interlayer having recesses intended to form, once several panels assembled, vertical shutterings for the realization of reinforced concrete posts.
  • the implementation of such panels on site is accompanied by more or less localized tears which weaken even more the insulating properties of the panels by aggravating the thermal bridges.
  • the object of the invention is to provide panels which, in addition to the advantages already offered by known panels (simple prefabrication and low cost price, great ease of handling and assembly on site, assembly of walls without requiring the prior realization of '' a load-bearing structure for hanging panels), make it possible to obtain walls with very good thermal insulation properties.
  • the outer wall is an insulating composite wall comprising a plate of insulating material situated between two plates formed of fibers bonded between them by a binder the inner wall comprising a plate formed of fibers linked together by a binder, the insulating intermediate material being in the form of intermediate elements having said recesses, connecting said inner and outer walls and providing between them free spaces s 'extending between the internal faces of said walls.
  • the insulation is completely ensured outside and outside the area where the posts are made and therefore has a constant quality over the entire surface of the panels, even in the event of deterioration of the insulating material inserted around the posts. , avoiding the appearance of thermal bridges.
  • these plates are made of wood fibers linked by a resin and therefore of an insulating material, light and relatively inexpensive.
  • an insulating composite exterior wall makes it possible to directly produce a wall with insulation from the outside without thermal bridges.
  • the invention also relates to a wall formed by an assembly of panels as defined above.
  • the wall is completed by filling the free spaces between intermediate elements by means of a material, for example cavernous concrete, capable of accumulating heat.
  • a material for example cavernous concrete, capable of accumulating heat.
  • the prefabricated panel 10 illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a composite exterior wall formed by plates 11, 12, 13, an interior wall formed by a plate 14 and intermediate elements 15, 16, 17.
  • Each of the plates 11, 13 and 14 is formed of fibers agglomerated by means of a binder, for example of wood fibers embedded in a resin, the plate being, at the time of its manufacture, subjected to compression.
  • the plate 14 forming the inner wall has a thickness of a few centimeters, for example 4 cm, while the plates 11 and 13 have a thickness which is less, on the order of a few millimeters, for example 5 mm.
  • the plate 12 is made of an insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene and is bonded on its two faces to the plates 11 and 13 respectively.
  • the thickness of the plate 12 depends on the degree of insulation desired. It is preferably greater than 5 cm, for example around 10 cm.
  • the intermediate elements 15, 16, 17 consist of blocks molded from an insulating material such as expanded polystyrene. These elements are glued to the plates 13 and 14, thus making the connection between the outer and inner walls of the panel.
  • the intermediate intermediate elements 15 and 17 are located along the vertical edges of the panel and have, on their external vertical face, a longitudinal recess 18 extending over the entire height of the panel and of substantially semi-circular section.
  • the intermediate intermediate element 16 is located equidistant from the vertical edges of the panel and has a longitudinal central recess 19 extending over the entire height of the panel and of substantially circular section.
  • the recesses 18 and 19 have the same radius.
  • the intermediate intermediate element 16 is formed of two elements arranged opposite one another and identical to each other and to the elements 15 and 17. Free spaces 21, 22 bordered by the internal faces opposite plates 13 and 14 are formed in the intervals between intermediate elements.
  • the panel described above constitutes a basic module for producing a wall according to the invention.
  • a module has for example a length of 2 m, a height of 50 cm and a thickness of about 30 cm.
  • other dimensions can be chosen without leading to a bulky and awkward panel to handle.
  • Figure 3 shows several panels 10 assembled.
  • the vertical joints between panels of the same row are offset from one row to another, as in a traditional apparatus so that the intermediate elements 16 of the panels of a row are located in line with the intermediate elements 15, 17 of the panels of adjacent rows.
  • the aligned recesses 18, 19 form vertical forms 20 which extend continuously over the entire height of the assembly and into which vertical reinforcing bars 30 can be placed. Concrete is then poured into the demarcated forms 20 by the intermediate elements in order to form posts 31 of reinforced concrete.
  • the simple corner panel 40 illustrated in FIG. 4 is used.
  • the panel 40 is distinguished from the panel 10 of Figure 1 in that it is mitered along one of its vertical edges, and that, therefore, the insert 47 disposed along this edge is located at a distance from the element intermediate 46 lower than that separating the latter from the other intermediate intermediate element 45.
  • two corner panels delimit by their vertical edges in contact cut in miter formwork of cross section greater than that of a formwork 20, which makes it possible to put in place a larger vertical frame 32 and to pour a corner post 33 of section greater than that of the posts 31.
  • half of a double corner panel such as that 50 illustrated in FIG. 5 is then used.
  • 50 is distinguished from the panel 40 in that its two vertical edges are cut in a miter, and its two end intermediate elements 55, 57 therefore occupy a position recessed symmetrically with respect to the intermediate intermediate element 56.
  • a “chair” type panel is used such as that 60 illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • This panel differs from panel 10 in that the interior wall 64 and the intermediate elements 65, 66, 67 s 'extend, from the bottom of the panel, over only part of the height thereof, for example over half the height. The space thus freed above the intermediate elements and the interior wall then forms shuttering for a chaining cheek, without interrupting the insulation from the outside.
  • Single and double corner panels of the “chair” type are also prefabricated and are deduced from modules 40 and 50 as panel 60 is deduced from panel 10; however, it is necessary to provide panels of the “right corner chair” type different from the panels of the “left corner chair” type.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a current stage starting from a traditional base 70 crowned over its entire periphery by a bed of mortar ensuring leveling and coated with a bituminous felt 71 preventing any capillary rise.
  • a row of “chair” type panels is placed on the base 70 and a slab 72 is poured after the reinforcement bars 73 of the horizontal chaining have been placed on the “chair” panels.
  • the upper edge of these and the upper surface of the slab 72 are substantially at the same level.
  • the base and corner panels are then assembled to the desired height, ending with a row of “chair” type panels.
  • a row of panels 10 'of reduced height for example of half height
  • the assembly is started by the establishment of this row.
  • a material capable of accumulating heat for example cavernous concrete 78 is placed in the free spaces such as 21, 22, between intermediate elements. This cavernous concrete, on the one hand, contributes to ensuring the plumbness of the panels and, on the other hand, will provide the finished wall with good thermal inertia.
  • fixing anchors 74 for example made of plastic, may be placed at each intersection of joints (as illustrated in FIG. 3), while other anchors 75 (see also FIG. 3) may have been provided. in each panel with their heads embedded in the plate 11. The ends of the anchors 74 and 75 protrude inside the formwork 20 and free spaces such as 21, 22 so that after casting the posts, they contribute to the holding signs.
  • a concrete bed 77 is formed on the intermediate elements and interior walls of the “chair” panels forming the last row of the floor in order to ensure leveling as well as the clearance to be provided for the floor coverings on the slab 72 to arrive at a defined headroom. Then, a slab 72 ′ is poured after the reinforcement 73 ′ of the horizontal chaining has been placed above the concrete bed 77.
  • FIG. 9 to 11 illustrate details of construction at the holes.
  • a module 80 which has an insulating composite outer wall 81 similar to that of the panels 10 described above.
  • a return 82 of this wall is provided on the lower side of the module 80 and is connected to the interior wall 84.
  • the latter has a reduced height in the manner of a block of the "chair” type.
  • the wall 81, the return 82 and the wall 84 form a formwork inside which reinforcing bars 85 are pre-positioned in a concrete bed 86.
  • the frame 73 'of the horizontal chaining situated above the module 80 is shown in dashes.
  • a wooden pre-frame 90 fixed against a vertical edge of the panels such as 10 (FIG. 9).
  • a traditional concrete frame 91 can be produced.
  • the outer wall is cut in a miter and the concrete is poured along the vertical edge of the panel 10 after installation of a formwork 92. It is then preferable to slightly back off by sawing and re-gluing the intermediate element 17 located at this level in order to maintain continuous thermal insulation along the edge of the frame.
  • a prefabricated window sill 95 of any type can be put in place at the upper part of a panel 10, after corresponding reduction in the height of the external wall and of the intermediate elements.
  • the panels according to the invention allow walls with very good insulation properties to be produced with simplicity, speed and at low cost and capable of fulfilling a thermal storage function.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Vorgefertigte Platte (10, 40, 50, 60) mit einer Außenwand (11, 12, 13 ; 81), die aus wenigstens einer Tafel besteht, die aus durch ein Bindemittel miteinander verbundenen Fasern gebildet ist, und mit einer Innenwand (14, 84), die durch ein isolierendes Zwischenmaterial (15, 16, 17 ; 45, 46, 47 ; 55, 56, 57 ; 65, 66, 67) miteinander verbunden sind, das Ausnehmungen (18,19) aufweist, die bei Zusammenbau mehrerer Platten senkrechte Schalungen (20) zur Herstellung von Pfosten (31, 33) aus Stahlbeton bilden sollen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenwand eine isolierende Verbundwand ist, die aus einer Tafel (12) aus Isoliermaterial besteht, die zwischen zwei aus durch ein Bindemittel miteinander verbundenen Fasern gebildete Tafeln (12, 13) angeordnet ist, wobei die Innenwand aus einer Tafel (14 ; 84) besteht, die aus durch ein Bindemittel miteinander verbundenen Fasern gebildet ist, und daß das zwischenliegende Isoliermaterial in Form von Zwischenelementen (15, 16, 17 ; 45, 46, 47 ; 55, 56, 57 ; 65, 66, 67) vorliegt, die die inneren und die äußeren Wände miteinander verbinden und zwischen sich freie Räume (21, 22) bilden, die sich zwischen den Innenflächen der Wände erstrecken.
2. Platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tafeln (11, 13, 14) aus durch ein Harz miteinander verbundenen Holzfasern bestehen.
3. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie folgendes aufweist : zwei endseitige Zwischenelemente (15, 17), die längs senkrechter Ränder der Platte angeordnet sind, und wenigstens ein mittleres Zwischenelement (16).
4. Platte nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenelemente (15, 16, 17) durch aus Polystyrol geformte Elemente gebildet sind.
5. Winkelplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen auf Gehrung geschnittenen senkrechten Rand und ein Zwischenelement aufweist, das sich in Nähe dieses senkrechten Rands derart befindet, daß durch die Vereinigung der senkrechten auf Gehrung geschnittenen Ränder zweier Winkelplatten eine Schalung für einen Winkelpfosten gebildet werden kann.
6. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 zur Anbringung in Höhe einer Bodenfliese, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Zwischenelemente und eine Innenwand aufweist, die sich nur auf einem Teil der Höhe der Platte (60) von deren unteren Rand aus erstrecken.
7. Wand aus vorgefertigten Platten nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und Pfosten aus Stahlbeton in den durch die Ausnehmungen der Zwischenwände gebildeten senkrechten Schalungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner aus einem Material besteht, das Wärme speichern kann und in den freien Räumen (21, 22) zwischen den Zwischenelementen angeordnet ist.
EP82400022A 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände Expired EP0084276B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82400022A EP0084276B1 (de) 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände
AT82400022T ATE19279T1 (de) 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Vorgefertigte platte zur herstellung von gebaeudewaenden, insbesondere fuer haeuser und mit diesen platten hergestellte waende.
DE8282400022T DE3270526D1 (en) 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Prefabricated panels for the construction of building walls, in particular for houses, and walls so obtained

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82400022A EP0084276B1 (de) 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0084276A1 EP0084276A1 (de) 1983-07-27
EP0084276B1 true EP0084276B1 (de) 1986-04-16

Family

ID=8189886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82400022A Expired EP0084276B1 (de) 1982-01-08 1982-01-08 Vorgefertigte Platte zur Herstellung von Gebäudewänden, insbesondere für Häuser und mit diesen Platten hergestellte Wände

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0084276B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE19279T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3270526D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2554480A1 (fr) * 1983-11-08 1985-05-10 Serre Michel Module pour la construction de batiments
ES2065820B1 (es) * 1992-08-25 1998-01-16 Sanchez Zambrana Jose Luis Sistema modular de construccion de paramentos y similares.
CN114991383B (zh) * 2022-07-05 2023-05-05 济南市工程咨询院 一种绿色节能型装配式建筑墙体

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1136046A (en) * 1966-06-21 1968-12-11 Ici Ltd Manufacture of foam laminates
CH533213A (fr) * 1969-07-14 1973-01-31 Formige Pierre Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de construction et élément obtenu par ce procédé
DE2111693A1 (de) * 1971-03-11 1972-11-23 Claus Ockenfels Waerme- und schalldaemmende Verbundbauplatte
SE395029B (sv) * 1974-02-07 1977-07-25 Samuelsson Sture Lennart Ytberande byggelement och sett for dess tillverkning
DE2518174A1 (de) * 1975-04-24 1976-11-04 Willy Hoertel Mehrschichtenverbundplatte sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu deren herstellung
FR2444132A1 (fr) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-11 Fricker Gilbert Panneau composite multicouche
FR2486569A1 (fr) * 1980-07-10 1982-01-15 Serre Michel Panneaux prefabriques pour la construction de batiments, et plus particulierement de maisons d'habitation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3270526D1 (en) 1986-05-22
EP0084276A1 (de) 1983-07-27
ATE19279T1 (de) 1986-05-15

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