EP0096778A2 - Microphone - Google Patents

Microphone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096778A2
EP0096778A2 EP83105247A EP83105247A EP0096778A2 EP 0096778 A2 EP0096778 A2 EP 0096778A2 EP 83105247 A EP83105247 A EP 83105247A EP 83105247 A EP83105247 A EP 83105247A EP 0096778 A2 EP0096778 A2 EP 0096778A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microphone
voltage
amplifier
converter
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83105247A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0096778B1 (fr
EP0096778A3 (en
Inventor
Otmar Dipl.-Ing. Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Neumann GmbH
Original Assignee
Georg Neumann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Neumann GmbH filed Critical Georg Neumann GmbH
Priority to AT83105247T priority Critical patent/ATE36629T1/de
Publication of EP0096778A2 publication Critical patent/EP0096778A2/fr
Publication of EP0096778A3 publication Critical patent/EP0096778A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0096778B1 publication Critical patent/EP0096778B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
    • H04R19/04—Microphones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microphone according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a microphone is e.g. known as U89 from Georg Neumann, Berlin.
  • a phantom circuit is frequently used to power a microphone, in which the supply voltage is connected to the two wires of the symmetrical LF connection between the microphone and the consumer via two resistors of the same size, for example 6.8 kOhm at 48 volts.
  • this impedance matching takes place by means of a transformer (up to 10: 1 reduction) in the signal path of the microphone between its amplifier and the microphone output.
  • transformerless microphones In recent times, efforts to do without transformers in LF signal processing have increased, for example to avoid possible signal distortions.
  • transformerless microphones accept an impedance mismatch, which leads to a restriction of the dynamic range that is possible per se.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a microphone of the type mentioned at the outset which enables impedance matching while avoiding a transformer in the LF signal path.
  • the invention is based on the idea of moving the necessary impedance matching from the LF signal path into the power supply line of the amplifier built into the microphone.
  • an operating voltage adapted to the load for the amplifier is obtained by means of a DC voltage converter.
  • the existing DC-DC converter also allows the generation of different voltages for the microphone capsule, as are required to achieve different directional characteristics.
  • the DC-DC converter is designed in the form of a flyback converter,
  • the dash-dotted circuit block 1 indicates the microphone and the dash-dotted circuit block 2 the power supply source.
  • the microphone 1 is connected via a 2-wire NF cable 3 to the power supply source 2, which is the NF consumer Z L as the terminating impedance of the cable 3 and a DC voltage source B of, for example, +48 V, the positive pole of which is connected to each wire of the cable 3 via resistors R of the same size (for example 6.8 kOhm).
  • This phantom power supply for the microphone 1 represents the most common case of the power supply for the microphone 1, but the invention is not restricted to this type of power supply.
  • the microphone 1 includes in its LF signal path a microphone capsule 30 which is connected to the input of a microphone amplifier 20 via a series capacitor 40, which is used to separate the DC component in the output current of the capsule 30.
  • a microphone capsule 30 Connected to the output terminals 21, 22 of the amplifier are, on the one hand, the wires of the cable 3 and, on the other hand, the input terminals of a coupling device 50, which couples out the supply voltage fed from the source B via the wires of the cable 3 and feeds it to the input 11 of a DC voltage converter 10.
  • a coupling device 50 which couples out the supply voltage fed from the source B via the wires of the cable 3 and feeds it to the input 11 of a DC voltage converter 10.
  • 2 and 3 DC voltage converter 10 shown in more detail works, for example, as a flyback converter, which has a pulse-width-controlled switching element, in the blocking phase of which the g output voltages U B1 and U B2 are generated at the output terminals 13 and 14 of the converter 10, respectively.
  • the output voltage U B1 at the output terminal 13 is fed via a series resistor 60 to the capsule 30 for its voltage supply.
  • the output voltage U B2 at the output terminal 14 serves as the operating voltage for the amplifier 20.
  • the generation of the voltages U B1 and U B2 by means of the coupling device 50 and the DC-DC converter 10 allows the microphone 1 to be optimally adapted to the available power of the source B, without the need for a transformer at the microphone output. As a result, the entire dynamic range of the microphone 1 which is possible per se can be used for the first time in the case of a transformerless microphone.
  • the DC-DC converter 10 can preferably be designed as a flyback converter, the primary winding w1 of which is connected to the one winding end at the converter input 11 and to the other winding end via a switching element Tr, in the example shown a switching transistor, with a reference potential (ground) is.
  • the tax input of the switching element Tr is connected to the output 17 of a controller 15, the input 16 of which is connected to the output terminal 14 of the converter 10, so that the voltage U B2 is supplied to the controller 15 as the actual value.
  • the controller 15 controls the opening and closing times of the switching element Tr in accordance with a pulse width regulation, so that the energy stored in the primary winding w1 and taken from the secondary windings w21, w22, w23 in each cycle period also in the event of fluctuations in the power supply from the source B (FIG. 1 ) is kept at the desired constant value.
  • the primary winding w1 is coupled to two or three secondary windings w21, w22 and w23, each of which feeds an output rectifier Dl, C1 or D2, C2 or D3, C3.
  • the output rectifier D1, C1 generates the output voltage U B2 at the output terminal 14, while the output rectifier D2, C2 generates the output voltage U B1 at the output terminal 13.
  • the third output rectifier D3, C3, shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, can be provided, if necessary, for generating a further output voltage U B3 , for example in order to switch the directional characteristic of the microphone capsule 30 (FIG. 1) in a known manner.
  • the time profile of the blocking voltage U block shown in FIG. 4 with a solid line is advantageously generated on the secondary windings w21 and w22.
  • the larger output voltage U B1 at the output terminal 13 is obtained from the first voltage peak of the blocking voltage U block before the blocking voltage U s p err assumes the value U B2 at the output terminal 14.
  • a time window of the width ⁇ T (FIG. 4) is used to suppress the first voltage peak, which is implemented by a time delay device arranged between the secondary winding w21 and the output rectifier D1, C1.
  • this time delay device consists of a series inductance L (FIG. 2).
  • a longitudinal thyristor Th (FIG. 3) can be provided, which is controlled by a comparator 12.
  • the comparator 12 compares the voltage at the anode of the thyristor Th with a reference voltage U ref (corresponds to the amount U B1 in FIG. 3) and blocks, for example, the thyristor Th until the voltage at its anode reaches the value of the reference voltage U ref , that is during a time interval ⁇ T.
  • Both voltages U B1 and U B2 can be obtained both from a common winding w2 and from separate windings w21 and w22.
  • the voltage U B1 is brought by means of the comparator 12 to the desired value, ref either by limiting the voltage U s p he r through the diodes ZD and D4 (Fig. 2) or by comparison with U while the voltage U B2 in a known manner is kept constant by the action of the controller 15.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
EP83105247A 1982-06-14 1983-05-26 Microphone Expired EP0096778B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83105247T ATE36629T1 (de) 1982-06-14 1983-05-26 Mikrofon.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3222295 1982-06-14
DE3222295 1982-06-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0096778A2 true EP0096778A2 (fr) 1983-12-28
EP0096778A3 EP0096778A3 (en) 1985-12-04
EP0096778B1 EP0096778B1 (fr) 1988-08-17

Family

ID=6166020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83105247A Expired EP0096778B1 (fr) 1982-06-14 1983-05-26 Microphone

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4541112A (fr)
EP (1) EP0096778B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE36629T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3377765D1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0562738A3 (en) * 1992-03-26 1994-11-23 Hewlett Packard Co Microphone power supply
EP1585359A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-12 AKG Acoustics GmbH Télécommande de microphones à alimentation fantôme
EP1585365A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-12 AKG Acoustics GmbH Réglage de la tension de polarisation des microphones
US7356151B2 (en) 2004-03-30 2008-04-08 Akg Acoustic Gmbh Microphone system
DE102008022588A1 (de) 2007-05-09 2008-11-27 Henrik Blanchard Kondensatormikrofon und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
US8897460B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2014-11-25 Ams Ag Microphone amplifier
CN112217482A (zh) * 2020-08-31 2021-01-12 湖南大学 电声换能系统及其阻抗匹配控制方法
CN114040301A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-11 歌尔微电子股份有限公司 麦克风快速启动电路、麦克风芯片及麦克风

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2734265B2 (ja) * 1991-12-12 1998-03-30 日本電気株式会社 エレクトレット・コンデンサ・マイクロフォン用増幅回路
WO1998026631A1 (fr) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Gn Netcom A/S Circuit d'alimentation pour micro
JP3890301B2 (ja) * 2003-01-15 2007-03-07 株式会社オーディオテクニカ コンデンサマイクロホン
KR20060126526A (ko) * 2003-12-01 2006-12-07 아우디오아시스 에이/에스 전압 펌프를 구비한 마이크로폰
EP1585360B1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2017-05-10 AKG Acoustics GmbH Dispositif d'alimentation de microphones à alimentation fantôme
JP4304118B2 (ja) * 2004-04-22 2009-07-29 株式会社オーディオテクニカ マイクロホンの出力コネクタ
JP4579778B2 (ja) * 2004-08-17 2010-11-10 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 センサ用電源回路およびそれを用いたマイクロホンユニット
DE102005007623A1 (de) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mikrofon
DE102010000686B4 (de) * 2010-01-05 2018-05-09 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Kondensatormikrofon
US9544027B2 (en) * 2014-02-19 2017-01-10 Texas Instruments Incorporated Loop powered transmitter with a single tap data isolation transformer and unipolar voltage converters
US10412477B2 (en) 2016-09-19 2019-09-10 Wade Goeke High fidelity, professional grade microphone system for direct coupling to recording components
US12253391B2 (en) 2018-05-24 2025-03-18 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Multielectrode capacitive sensor without pull-in risk

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240128B (de) * 1964-08-01 1967-05-11 Sennheiser Electronic Hochfrequenzkondensatormikrophon mit einem Oszillator und einem angekoppelten, auf dessen Frequenz abgestimmten Schwingkreis, dessen Kapazitaet das Wandlerelement bildet
AT298583B (de) * 1970-06-08 1972-05-10 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete Kapazitiver Schallempfänger Kapazitiver Schallempfänger
US4122514A (en) * 1976-11-01 1978-10-24 Hewlett-Packard Company Direct current power supply

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0562738A3 (en) * 1992-03-26 1994-11-23 Hewlett Packard Co Microphone power supply
EP1585359A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-12 AKG Acoustics GmbH Télécommande de microphones à alimentation fantôme
EP1585365A1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-12 AKG Acoustics GmbH Réglage de la tension de polarisation des microphones
US7356151B2 (en) 2004-03-30 2008-04-08 Akg Acoustic Gmbh Microphone system
US7620189B2 (en) 2004-03-30 2009-11-17 Akg Acoustics Gmbh Polarization voltage setting of microphones
US7835531B2 (en) 2004-03-30 2010-11-16 Akg Acoustics Gmbh Microphone system
DE102008022588A1 (de) 2007-05-09 2008-11-27 Henrik Blanchard Kondensatormikrofon und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
US8897460B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2014-11-25 Ams Ag Microphone amplifier
CN112217482A (zh) * 2020-08-31 2021-01-12 湖南大学 电声换能系统及其阻抗匹配控制方法
CN112217482B (zh) * 2020-08-31 2024-02-13 湖南大学 电声换能系统及其阻抗匹配控制方法
CN114040301A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-11 歌尔微电子股份有限公司 麦克风快速启动电路、麦克风芯片及麦克风
CN114040301B (zh) * 2021-11-15 2024-02-27 歌尔微电子股份有限公司 麦克风快速启动电路、麦克风芯片及麦克风

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE36629T1 (de) 1988-09-15
EP0096778B1 (fr) 1988-08-17
EP0096778A3 (en) 1985-12-04
DE3377765D1 (en) 1988-09-22
US4541112A (en) 1985-09-10

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