EP0103042B1 - Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln - Google Patents

Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0103042B1
EP0103042B1 EP82108470A EP82108470A EP0103042B1 EP 0103042 B1 EP0103042 B1 EP 0103042B1 EP 82108470 A EP82108470 A EP 82108470A EP 82108470 A EP82108470 A EP 82108470A EP 0103042 B1 EP0103042 B1 EP 0103042B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
fan
impeller hub
stop means
remaining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82108470A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0103042A1 (de
Inventor
Gert Hecht
Manfred Dr. Sellmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE8282108470T priority Critical patent/DE3272588D1/de
Priority to EP82108470A priority patent/EP0103042B1/de
Priority to AT82108470T priority patent/ATE21438T1/de
Priority to DD83254745A priority patent/DD217585A5/de
Priority to DK413983A priority patent/DK157147C/da
Publication of EP0103042A1 publication Critical patent/EP0103042A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0103042B1 publication Critical patent/EP0103042B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/34—Blade mountings
    • F04D29/36—Blade mountings adjustable
    • F04D29/362—Blade mountings adjustable during rotation
    • F04D29/366—Adjustment by interaction of inertion and lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fan with blades which can be rotated automatically about a longitudinal axis in order to avoid undesired rotational speeds according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and of patent claim 3; such a fan is known from DE-A-862 280 and FR-A-1 553 046.
  • the blades of the variable-pitch propeller are adjusted in a speed-dependent manner by centrifugal force regulators in order to achieve a starting position in a particularly simple manner in such a way that they are brought to a steeper position and thus a smaller angle with respect to the wind direction when the vehicle is at a standstill and at very low speeds will.
  • the centrifugal forces work on the respective wing axis via transmission means.
  • the centrifugal force device is to be used both for the adjustment in the start-up area and in the work area.
  • the known device is considered particularly advantageous for the use of wind power motors for small systems, since the propeller can start with large moments on the one hand and, on the other hand, as a high-speed runner in the actual working area of the impeller, it can be adjusted automatically as a function of speed in such a way that a control to an approximately constant speed or results in consistent performance.
  • the aim is to ensure that a generator connected to a wind turbine is no longer supplied with additional energy from a certain wind speed.
  • the wind turbines which operate continuously in turbine operation, they are first pulled against a stop with a spring; depending on the wind speed and in particular on the setting or the force of the spring, the wing lifts off the stop during operation, so that the aerodynamic angle of attack increases.
  • a weight arranged downstream on the wing is provided in order to reduce the angle of attack due to special inertia effects when the wind turbine accelerates.
  • the object of the present invention is to protect the fan from a harmful increase in speed in the event of a malfunction in the event of an external pressure wave driving the fan while maintaining its direction of rotation according to the principle of a wind turbine by the flow forces occurring in the pressure wave.
  • a fault is to be considered in particular when the secured secondary cooling circuit of a power plant block, consisting of cell coolers with a fan, must also be designed against the "external explosion" load case.
  • the explosion pressure wave is idealized by a pressure-time function, which among other things is characterized by a short but very high pressure increase or speed increase at the beginning of the start of the pressure wave. If the safety design of the fan provided in accordance with the task were not present, the pressure wave that would start would cause the operating speed of the fan to rise to such a peak speed that even materials with a large tear length could not withstand this load.
  • the counterweights in cooperation with the blades adjustable about their special longitudinal axes and the acting air and centrifugal forces ensure that the adjustable blades on the one hand in normal operation in accordance with the teaching of claim 1
  • Design provided by the centrifugal force is not rotated in the closed position with the wing chord running almost perpendicular to the fan axis, but pressed against the first stop or, in the case of the design provided for in claim 3, is pressed against the first stop with moderate force that can be overcome in the event of a fault, and on the other hand
  • the triggering criterion of the reversal of the resulting air force characteristic of the transition from pump to turbine operation, tilts from its first operating position into the second malfunctioning position and, in this, an undesirable rotation increase avoiding position can be held either by the second stop or in the zero-lift equilibrium position without a separate stop.
  • every second wing 2 is alternately designed as an independently rotatable wing 3, while the remaining wings 2 are arranged fixedly on the circumference of the impeller hub 1.
  • 4 shows, in a partial section, a top view of a developed impeller hub 1, two vanes 2 fixedly arranged on the circumference of this impeller hub and two vanes 3, each of which rotates along its longitudinal axis 31.
  • the rotatable vanes 3 are entered in FIG. in which they abut against stops 7 with their upstream ends.
  • the rotatable wings 3 are pivoted about their longitudinal axis 31 in such a way that their downstream ends rest against stops 6 and one to the fixed wings 2 take up the equivalent wing position.
  • the centrifugal weights fixedly arranged on the rotatable wings 3 according to the invention are not shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a single wing 3, which in the normal operating position due to the assumed direction of rotation: n or flow direction: L of the air, the bearing in the axis of gravity 31 and the counterweight 5 shown with its outflow end against the first Stop 6 is pressed.
  • the counterweights 5 compensate for the influence of the centrifugal forces, which otherwise try to turn the rotatable blades in the closed position (wing chord perpendicular to the impeller axis) and, on the other hand, achieve that the rotating blades with a definable pressure against the stop also when starting the impeller 6 are pressed.
  • the counterweights are each arranged in the quadrant of an assumed coordinate system, the coordinate origin of which according to FIG. 1 lies in the center of gravity of the longitudinal axis 31 and the abscissa x in the directions of rotation of the impeller or the ordinate y thereof in the direction L of the air flow.
  • Fig. 1 the resulting air force F, which acts on the vane 3 in normal fan operation, is also entered, which is due to the entered speed triangle with the assumed speeds: passage speed c m circumferential speed u and the relative or inflow speed w (neglecting the behind Impeller existing swirl component) results in the wing-fixed coordinate system.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 show a further embodiment of a pressure-resistant axial fan designed according to the invention with the direction of rotation again assumed: n and the direction of flow: L of the air.
  • all vanes 4 arranged on the circumference of the impeller hub 1 are rotatably mounted. The rotation takes place about a longitudinal axis 41 in the first quarter of the wing depth.
  • Each wing is in turn firmly connected to a counterweight 5 arranged in the upstream region of the impeller hub 1 according to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the counterweights 5 are not shown in the schematic development of the impeller hub 1 according to FIG. 7 or FIG. 8.
  • each blade 4 is in normal fan operation due to the interaction of the air and centrifugal forces at its output end in the start-up or Operating position pressed against a first stop ⁇ .
  • Each individual wing will adjust in the intended bearing in the direction of zero lift if the air force F 2 changes its sign after the impact of the pressure wave and acts on the wing according to FIG. 6.
  • the air force causes each wing to bear against its stop 8.
  • the undesired adjusting torque acting on the wing during operation due to centrifugal forces is in turn compensated by counterweights 5.
  • the counterweight is in turn arranged in quadrant 111 of an assumed coordinate system, the coordinate origin of which lies at the point of the longitudinal axis 41 and the abscissa x in the direction of rotation n and the ordinate thereof in the direction of the air flow.
  • the counterweight 5 is dimensioned in the sense of the invention so that, on the one hand, in normal operation, in particular in start-up operation, a wing system with a defined pressure on the stop 8 is ensured and, in the event of a malfunction, the relatively low air force can tip the wing into the zero lift position.
  • Fig. 7 shows in a partial development of the impeller hub 1, the operating position of the vanes 4 with the assumed assumed direction of rotation n of the impeller and the inflow direction L of the pressure wave.
  • 8 shows the same development of the impeller hub, however, with vanes 4 rotated about their respective longitudinal axis 41 in the zero lift direction and with neglected bearing friction in each case.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
EP82108470A 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln Expired EP0103042B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8282108470T DE3272588D1 (en) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Fan comprising automatically adjustable blades about its longitudinal axis to avoid undesirable rotational speed
EP82108470A EP0103042B1 (de) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln
AT82108470T ATE21438T1 (de) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Ventilator mit zur vermeidung unerwuenschter drehzahlen selbsttaetig um eine laengsachse verdrehbaren fluegeln.
DD83254745A DD217585A5 (de) 1982-09-14 1983-09-12 Ventilator mit zur vermeidung unerwuenschter drehzahlen selbsttaetig um eine laengsachse verdrehbaren fluegeln
DK413983A DK157147C (da) 1982-09-14 1983-09-13 Ventilator med vinger, der er svingelige om deres laengdeakser til undgaaelse af uoenskede omdrejningstal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82108470A EP0103042B1 (de) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0103042A1 EP0103042A1 (de) 1984-03-21
EP0103042B1 true EP0103042B1 (de) 1986-08-13

Family

ID=8189226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82108470A Expired EP0103042B1 (de) 1982-09-14 1982-09-14 Ventilator mit zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Drehzahlen selbsttätig um eine Längsachse verdrehbaren Flügeln

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0103042B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE21438T1 (da)
DD (1) DD217585A5 (da)
DE (1) DE3272588D1 (da)
DK (1) DK157147C (da)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2828586B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 1998-11-25 三菱電機株式会社 回転ファン
DE102007011990B4 (de) * 2007-03-09 2019-01-10 Tlt-Turbo Gmbh Vorrichtung zum hydraulischen Verstellen der Laufschaufeln eines Laufrades eines Axialventilators
DE102008001556A1 (de) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lüfter und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lüfters
CN106194832B (zh) * 2016-08-15 2019-02-05 联想(北京)有限公司 流体驱动装置及电子设备

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1553046A (da) * 1967-11-28 1969-01-10

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE351781C (de) * 1922-04-13 Otto Kuster Windturbine
GB719967A (en) * 1951-06-04 1954-12-08 Nordisk Ventilator Axial-flow blower
DE1036780B (de) * 1954-10-12 1958-08-14 Pintsch Electro Gmbh Einrichtung zum selbsttaetigen Verringern der Fluegelstellung bei schnell laufenden Windraedern
DE1034808B (de) * 1955-02-11 1958-07-24 Siemens Ag Fluegelrad fuer Stroemungsmaschinen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1553046A (da) * 1967-11-28 1969-01-10

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0103042A1 (de) 1984-03-21
DK157147B (da) 1989-11-13
DK413983A (da) 1984-03-15
DK157147C (da) 1990-04-16
ATE21438T1 (de) 1986-08-15
DE3272588D1 (en) 1986-09-18
DD217585A5 (de) 1985-01-16
DK413983D0 (da) 1983-09-13

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