EP0141948B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum durchlaufenden Rektifizieren von Eisenbahnschienen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum durchlaufenden Rektifizieren von Eisenbahnschienen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141948B1
EP0141948B1 EP84110413A EP84110413A EP0141948B1 EP 0141948 B1 EP0141948 B1 EP 0141948B1 EP 84110413 A EP84110413 A EP 84110413A EP 84110413 A EP84110413 A EP 84110413A EP 0141948 B1 EP0141948 B1 EP 0141948B1
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Prior art keywords
rail
polygon
profile
grinding
fact
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EP84110413A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0141948A1 (de
Inventor
Romolo Panetti
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Speno International SA
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Speno International SA
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Priority to AT84110413T priority Critical patent/ATE25271T1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
    • E01B31/17—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding

Definitions

  • the transverse profiles of the rails for railway tracks have been determined by calculation and experimentally, they have been improved over the years to optimize the requirements of the easiest manufacturing possible on the one hand and on the other hand the requirements relating to the safety and comfort of running convoys.
  • the UIC has defined several transverse profiles for the rails, one of the most frequently used of which is the UIC 60, illustrated in FIG.
  • an angle yn is defined as being the angle between a straight line D tangent to the profile of the rail head perpendicular to the vertical axis of symmetry x of the rail and the tangent Tn to the profile of the rail head at point N;
  • the transverse profile of the rail can be represented graphically by plotting for each point of the profile on the ordinate the radius of curvature of the rail and on the abscissa the angle Y.
  • this graphic representation is given in FIG. 2.
  • the tire profiles of the wheels of the railway vehicles were likewise determined by calculation and experience.
  • the rail and bandage profiles are combined profits.
  • wave wear gradually forms as well as a significant deterioration of the average wear profile, more or less significant burrs can form.
  • the rails are reprofiled, in particular by grinding; operation which aims to give the rail a correct transverse profile.
  • improvements have been made to restore the rail to its original profile, see patent CH-A-611,365, which often requires significant material removal depending on the deformation of the rail to be ground.
  • a reprofiling process by grinding is described in patent CH-A-592,780 according to which several grinding units are continuously moved along the rails, forming angles between them and therefore grinding generators different from the rail whose pressure is adjusted, and therefore the depth of cut, depending on the differences existing for each generator concerned between the original profile and the actual profile of the rail.
  • the present invention relates to a process and a device for rectifying the rails of a continuous railway track in particular for the finishing passes of railstel reprofiling. as defined in the independent claims of this patent.
  • the present method relates to the reshaping of the rails of a railway track using grinding tools mounted on carriages rolling on the rails and connected to a rail vehicle by members ensuring their traction along the rails and their application against these rails.
  • the licensee set itself the goal of eliminating the arbitrary uncertainties and adjustments relating to the positioning of the grinding wheels as well as their bearing pressure by defining a rigorous method for determining these parameters.
  • the first operation of the present method consists in defining a satisfactory average wear profile for a section of the rail network to be corrected. It is this average profile which will serve as a reference profile for finishing the rail reprofiling.
  • This mean wear or reference profile is represented for example in FIG. 3 and it is characterized by the fact that for each of these points N, N + 1 it has another radius of curvature Rn, Rn + 1.
  • the second step of the present method consists in defining a polygon circumscribed by this reference profile.
  • This polygon or rather at least one of its parameters, such as number of facets n, the angle at the center a between the facets, the angle between two facets Ay, the width of the facets L, is determined as a function of the quality of finish of the desired reprofiling.
  • the polygon circumscribed to the reference profile is unambiguously defined on the one hand by said profile and on the other hand by a parameter of the polygon determined itself as a function of the precision of the desired reprofiling, in particular the number of sides , angle between sides, etc.
  • the third operation of the present method consists in positioning the grinding units so that the active surface of each grinding wheel is parallel or tangent to one side of the previously determined polygon.
  • the fourth operation of the present method consists in adjusting the pressing pressure of each grinding unit against the rail as a function of at least one parameter on the side of the polygon with which it is associated.
  • the inclination of the axes of the grinding units relative to the plane of symmetry of the rail is, as so far, determined only by the judgment of the grinding personnel.
  • This adjustment of the angular position of the grinding units being carried out, each grinding wheel is located on one side of a polygon circumscribed to the rail.
  • the pressing pressure of each grinding wheel against the rail is determined as a function of one or more parameters of this polygon, and no longer arbitrarily as so far.
  • FIG. 5 very schematically illustrates the original basic principle of the method according to the present invention.
  • This figure shows a part of the mean wear profile 5 for reference of a track section to be reprofiled.
  • the broken line 6 materializes the polygon circumscribed to the reference profile 5 comprising in the illustrated example four facets for each side of the rail covering the tread, the intermediate zone and the fillet.
  • the number of facets or sides of this polygon is determined according to the precision of the reprofi desired finish level. In reality, this polygon could have more than eight facets covering the entire profile of the rail head. The greater the number of facets, the greater the precision of the reshaping, but the greater the number of grinding tools, respectively of work passes.
  • This polygon circumscribed to the reference profile can be determined by parameters other than its number of sides. For example, it is possible to impose that the angle between facets ⁇ Y is constant, or varies as a function of the radius of curvature of the reference profile. It can also be imposed that the length of the sides L of this polygon is constant or a function of the radius of curvature of the reference profile.
  • Line 7 shows a real profile of the rail head to be reprofiled.
  • Each facet has a facet width L1, L2, L3, L4; an angle Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 formed by the facet with a straight line tangent to the reference profile 5 and perpendicular to the x axis; an angle ⁇ 1 , A ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 formed by the envisaged side with the adjacent side situated on the side of the axis x of the rail, a mean radius of curvature R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ; an angle at the center ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 ; a cutting depth C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 represented by the distance separating, at the midpoint of the side envisaged, the real profile 7 from the side of the polygon 6; and finally a removal surface S
  • the choice of the circumscribed polygon depends on the quality or finish of the desired reprofiling, it is for example possible in the first finishing passes to define a polygon whose metal removal surfaces S would be constant and equal to a maximum value. Thus, at the start of the finish, the maximum amount of metal would be removed per pass.
  • the circumscribed polygon which finally corresponds to the profile of the reprofiled rail, fits as best as possible to the reference profile 5 and it is a polygon where the angle between facets ⁇ will be chosen constant or function of the radius of curvature R which will be preferred.
  • a definition of the polygon generally well suited to practical cases is that where the angle between facet ⁇ is proportional to the curvature of the reference profile
  • the polygon determined according to the required quality of the reprofiling, can be limited to the original profile or to the actual profile of the rail and not to its average profile. of wear.
  • the essence of the present reprofiling process of a rail consists in moving along a line of rails of a railway track, a set of rail grinding units, angularly offset by one relative to the others and to regulate the pressure with which each of these grinding units is applied against the rail as a function of at least one parameter of a polygon circumscribed to a reference profile and whose sides are parallel to the active surfaces of the grinding wheels grinding units.
  • each grinding unit against the rail is thus a function of the position of the corresponding facet relative to the axis of symmetry of the rail, that is to say a function of the angular offset y of l 'grinding unit with respect to this axis of symmetry of the rail, generally approximately vertical; on the other hand this pressure is also a function of the width L of the envisaged side or of the desired depth of cut C for example or of a combination of these parameters. Elf can also be a function of the metal surface to be removed S.
  • the method also provides that the polygon or some of its parameters are defined according to the quality of the desired reprofifage, the polygon in question is defined as being a polygon circumscribed to the profile that one wishes to reconstruct either the original profile or better still the average wear profit of the rail, although in the case of the simplified process this polygon can be circumscribed to the real profile of the worn rail.
  • the device for implementing the writing method comprises a set of motion units 10 carried by a carriage 11 guided by the rail 12, each comprising a motor 13 for driving a lapse die 14 in rotation.
  • a jack 15 makes it possible to apply the die 14 against the rail with a determined force.
  • Each unit 10 is angularly movable relative to the carriage 11 and therefore relative to the other grinding units carried by this carriage 11.
  • Each grinding unit further comprises a motor 16 controlling the inclination of this unit relative to the carriage and a sensor 17 measuring the angle of inclination of this unit 10 relative to the carriage 11.
  • Each grinding unit is controlled by a control circuit 18 comprising on the one hand a servo-control of the inclination of the unit and on the other hand a servo-control of the bearing force of the grinding wheel 14 against the rail 12.
  • the tilt control of the grinding unit 10 includes an angle selector 19 supplied by a memory 22 containing the parameters of the polygon, in particular the angular position of its facets, and selects for each grinding unit the facet of the polygon to which the active face of the grinding wheel must be parallel and therefore the degree of inclination of the grinding unit 10 relative to the carriage 11.
  • the signal delivered by this selector 19 feeds the first input of an error detector angle 20 whose other input is supplied by the output of the sensor 17. As soon as a difference is detected between the inputs of the error detector 20, which delivers a signal to the amplifier 21 which controls the motor 16.
  • the control of the pressing pressure of the grinding wheel 14 against the rail 12 comprises a calculator 23 powered by the memory 22 and the tilt selector 19. This calculator determines as a function of at least one parameter of the polygon stored at 22 and where appropriate, taking into account the angle of inclination of the unit, a control value which is delivered to a servo-valve 24 controlling the supply of the jack 15 by a source of fluid 25.
  • a calculator 26 containing in memory the information relating to the reference profile determined by the quality of the desired reprofiling, determines the parameters of the polygon as a function of said profile and of information 1 defining the desired quality of finish. These parameters or characteristics of the polygon are stored at 22.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a polygon circumscribed to the desired reference profile comprising 24 grinding facets or sides of the polygon distributed over the rolling surface of the rail, the internal fillet of the latter and the rolling zone between these two parts.
  • This polygon circumscribed to the reference profile is determined as a function of the quality of the desired reprofiling, in this precise case the width of the grinding facets, ie the length of the sides of the polygon, is a function of the radius of curvature of the reference profile.
  • the side of the polygon centered on the vertical axis of the rail is 3.46 mm as is the following facet.
  • the third facet from the axis of the rail has a width of 3.16 mm, the 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 facets a width of 2.79 mm, the ninth a width of 2.52 mm and the remaining a width of 2.27 mm.
  • a machine comprising four carriages A, B, C, D each carrying two grinding units.
  • the grinding units of a trolley As are angularly offset relative to each other by 10 ° while the grinding units of the other three trolleys B, C, D are offset from each other by 2 °.
  • the finishing reprofiling is carried out in three successive passes during which the four carriages occupy different angular positions relative to the rail.
  • the carriage A In a first pass, relative to the longitudinal plane of the rail, the carriage A is offset at 28 °, the carriage B at 4 °, the carriage C at -0.7 ° and the carriage D at -12 °. During this machining pass the sides 6, 5; 11, 12; 18, 15 and 23, 24 are reprofiled. In a second machining pass, the carriage A is shifted to 48 °, the carriage B to 8 °, the carriage C to 0 ° and the carriage D to -8 °. The sides 3,4; 9, 10; 14, 17; and 21, 22 are reprofiled.
  • the carriage A is offset at 68 °, the carriage B at 12 °, the carriage C at 0.7 ° and the carriage D at -4 ° and the sides 1, 2; 7, 8; 13, 15; and 19, 20 are reprofiled.
  • the grinding pressure or the pressure of each grinding wheel against the rail is in this particular case a function of the angle y on the side of the polygon and its width L.
  • a polygon circumscribed to the reference profile is determined, the width of the sides of which depends on the radius of curvature of the reference profile; then the grinding wheels are placed parallel to the sides of this polygon, the pressure of each grinding wheel against the rail being determined as a function of the angle of the corresponding side of the polygon and of its width so that the surface of metal to be removed S corresponding to each side of the polygon is effectively ground.
  • each grinding unit has two motors each driving a grinding wheel.
  • Each unit therefore comprises a pair of grinding wheels applied against the rail with the same force coming from application means common to the grinding unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Reprofilieren zumindest einer im Gleis liegenden Schiene (12) eines Eisenbahngleises, bei dem zumindest eine Gruppe von gegeneinander winkelversetzten Schteifeinheiten (10) entlang des Gleises bewegt wird und ein Druck aufgebracht wird, mit welchem jede Schleifeinheit (10) an die Schiene angedrückt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck automatisch in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einem Parameter aufgebracht wird, welcher für die Dimension der Seiten (L) eines vorbestimmten Polygons (6) repräsentativ ist, das ein Bezugsprofil (7) umschreibt und dessen Seiten (L) parallel zu den entsprechenden Arbeitsflächen der Schleifkörper der Schleifeinheiten sind-
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet. dass das Polygon ein solches (6) ist, welches das ursprüngliche QuerprofiL des Schienenkopfes umschreibt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polygon (6) ein Querprofil (5) der mittleren Abnutzung des Schienenkopfes umschreibt.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch, 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polygon (6) das tatsächFiehe Querprofil (7) der Schiene umschreibt.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polygon (6) oder zumindest einige seiner Parameter in Abhängigkeit von der erwünschten Präzision der Reprofilierung bestimmt wird.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Anzahl der Seiten (L) des Polygons (6) gerad- oder ungeradzahlig wählt.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel Δγ zwischen den Seiten des Polygons konstant bzw. eine Funktion des Krümmungsradius Ay = f(R) des gewünschten Schienenprofils ist.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel Ay zwischen den Seiten des Polygons proportional zur Krümmung des gewünschten Schienenprofiles ist:
Figure imgb0003
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch ge-9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge L der Polygonseiten konstant bzw. eine Funktion des Krümmungsradius des gewünschten Schienenprofils ist: L = f(R).
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anlagedruck jedes Schleifkörpers eine Funktion des Winkels y, welchen die entsprechende Polygonseite mit einer Tangente an das Bezugsprofil der Schiene senkrecht zur Symmetrieebene der Schiene einschliesst, und der Länge L der Polygonseite ist: P = f(y, L).
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anlagedruck jedes Schleifkörpers eine Funktion des Winkels y, welchen die entsprechende Polygonseite mit einer Tangente an das erwünschte Schienenprofil senkrecht zur Symmetrieebene der Schiene einschliesst, und der erwünschten Schlifftiefe ist: C, P = f(y, C).
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anlagedruck jedes Schleifkörpers eine Funktion der Oberfläche des abzutragenden Metalls ist: P = f(S).
13. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, mit mehreren Schleifeinheiten (10), die gegeneinander winkelverstellbar auf einem Wagen (11) montiert sind, der entlang der Schiene (12) geführt ist, wobei jede Einheit zumindest einen Motor (13) zum Drehen eines Schleifkörpers (14) und Mittel zum Andrücken des Schleifkörpers bzw. der Schleifkörper an die Schiene aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jede Schleifeinheit (10) zumindest eine Steuerschaltung (18) vorgesehen ist, die in Abhängigkeit von der Neigung der Seiten (L) eines vorbestimmten, ein Bezugsprofil (7) umschreibenden Polygons (6) die Neigung der Einheiten derart bestimmt, dass die Arbeitsflächen der Schleifkörper der entsprechenden Einheiten parallel zu den Polygonseiten sind, und zumindest eine Steuerschaltung (18), welche ebenfalls für jede Einheit in Abhängigkeitvon zumindest einem Parameter, der für eine Dimension der Seiten (L) des vorbestimmten Polygons (6) repräsentativ ist, die Andrückkraft festlegt, mit welcher der Schleifkörper (14) gegen die Schiene gedrückt wird.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Speicher (22) aufweist, welcher die Kennwerte eines das Bezugsprofil (7) umschreibenden Polygons speichert, welche Kennwerte eine Funktion der gewünschten Präzision der Reprofilierung sind, wobei der Speicher diese Informationen an einen Rechner (23) abgibt, der in Abhängigkeit von den Parametern dieses Polygons Signale für die Schaltungen (18) zur Steuerung der Neigung der Schleifeinheit und deren Andrückkraft gegen die Schiene (12) liefert.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest bestimmte Einheiten zwei Antriebsmotoren aufweisen, die je einen Schleifkörper in Drehung versetzen.
EP84110413A 1983-09-16 1984-09-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum durchlaufenden Rektifizieren von Eisenbahnschienen Expired EP0141948B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84110413T ATE25271T1 (de) 1983-09-16 1984-09-01 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum durchlaufenden rektifizieren von eisenbahnschienen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH5052/83 1983-09-16
CH5052/83A CH654047A5 (fr) 1983-09-16 1983-09-16 Procede et dispositif pour le reprofilage en continu des rails d'une voie ferree.

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EP0141948A1 EP0141948A1 (de) 1985-05-22
EP0141948B1 true EP0141948B1 (de) 1987-01-28

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US (1) US4905422A (de)
EP (1) EP0141948B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6095003A (de)
AT (1) ATE25271T1 (de)
AU (1) AU566436B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1253344A (de)
CH (1) CH654047A5 (de)
DE (2) DE3462278D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA847125B (de)

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US4779384A (en) * 1986-02-13 1988-10-25 Harsco Corporation Rail grinder
US4785589A (en) * 1986-02-28 1988-11-22 Les Fils D'auguste Scheuchzer S.A. Process for measuring and grinding the profile of a rail head
JPS62233308A (ja) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-13 芝浦メカトロニクス株式会社 レ−ル頭部削正装置
CH680598A5 (de) * 1989-08-28 1992-09-30 Speno International
CH680597A5 (de) * 1989-08-28 1992-09-30 Speno International
CH680672A5 (de) * 1989-08-28 1992-10-15 Speno International
GB2241063B (en) * 1990-02-14 1994-01-05 Rolls Royce Plc Monitoring a machining operation
CH685129A5 (fr) * 1991-03-01 1995-03-31 Speno International Dispositif pour le reprofilage des rails d'une voie ferrée.
US5271204A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-12-21 Wolf Morris A Lightweight display post and method of making same
CH689643A5 (fr) * 1994-02-18 1999-07-30 Speno International Installation pour le reprofilage des rails d'une voie ferrée.
CH689642A5 (fr) * 1994-02-18 1999-07-30 Speno International Installation pour le reprofilage des rails d'une voie ferrée.
FR2750632B1 (fr) * 1996-07-08 1998-10-30 Efsa Procede et dispositif de meulage d'une surepaisseur d'une piece metallique
CH690963A5 (fr) * 1996-12-20 2001-03-15 Speno Internat S A Dispositif pour la finition du reprofilage en voie et en continu de la surface du champignon d'au moins un rail d'une voie ferrée.
US6033291A (en) * 1998-03-16 2000-03-07 Loram Maintenance Of Way, Inc. Offset rail grinding
US9073167B2 (en) * 2011-10-07 2015-07-07 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Precision rail profiling device for railway turnouts and crossings
US9073164B2 (en) * 2011-10-07 2015-07-07 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Precision rail profiling device for railway crossovers
US20140113525A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-24 Apple Inc. Methods for finishing surfaces using tool center point shift techniques
RU2539309C1 (ru) * 2013-09-19 2015-01-20 Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") Устройство для шлифовки головки рельса
US10124466B2 (en) * 2013-10-21 2018-11-13 Harsco Corporation Grinding motor and method of operating the same for rail applications
KR101905993B1 (ko) * 2016-10-31 2018-10-10 현대자동차주식회사 차량용 내장재 및 그 성형 방법
CN111809463B (zh) * 2019-04-11 2023-06-16 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 一种基于ai方法的钢轨智能打磨系统及相应的打磨方法
CN115305753B (zh) * 2022-10-12 2023-02-07 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 一种钢轨廓形快速预测方法、系统

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AT344772B (de) * 1975-12-01 1978-08-10 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Schienenschleifmaschine
CH592780A5 (de) * 1976-01-07 1977-11-15 Speno International
CH606616A5 (de) * 1976-02-18 1978-11-15 Speno International
CH614476A5 (de) * 1977-10-10 1979-11-30 Scheuchzer Auguste Les Fils D
ATE22949T1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1986-11-15 Scheuchzer Fils Auguste Maschine zur wiederherstellung des profils von schienenkoepfen.

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ZA847125B (en) 1985-04-24
JPS6095003A (ja) 1985-05-28
US4905422A (en) 1990-03-06
ATE25271T1 (de) 1987-02-15
EP0141948A1 (de) 1985-05-22
DE141948T1 (de) 1985-09-12
DE3462278D1 (en) 1987-03-05
CA1253344A (en) 1989-05-02
AU3307684A (en) 1985-03-21
AU566436B2 (en) 1987-10-22
CH654047A5 (fr) 1986-01-31

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