EP0142437A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wiedereinblasen von flugstaub in einen Heizkessel für festen Brennstoff - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wiedereinblasen von flugstaub in einen Heizkessel für festen Brennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142437A2
EP0142437A2 EP84402258A EP84402258A EP0142437A2 EP 0142437 A2 EP0142437 A2 EP 0142437A2 EP 84402258 A EP84402258 A EP 84402258A EP 84402258 A EP84402258 A EP 84402258A EP 0142437 A2 EP0142437 A2 EP 0142437A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
boiler
buffer capacity
flow
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402258A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0142437B1 (de
EP0142437A3 (en
Inventor
Michel Couarc'h
Roger Bessouat
Marc Lafaye
Robert Bernet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stein Industrie SA
Manutair Moller SA
Original Assignee
Stein Industrie SA
Manutair Moller SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8317811A external-priority patent/FR2554552B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8401774A external-priority patent/FR2559239B2/fr
Application filed by Stein Industrie SA, Manutair Moller SA filed Critical Stein Industrie SA
Priority to AT84402258T priority Critical patent/ATE45025T1/de
Publication of EP0142437A2 publication Critical patent/EP0142437A2/de
Publication of EP0142437A3 publication Critical patent/EP0142437A3/fr
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Publication of EP0142437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0142437B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/06—Systems for accumulating residues from different parts of furnace plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/02—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in main combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for re-injecting flown particles into a solid fuel boiler of the so-called "jet engine with retro grid” type.
  • Such a boiler is characterized by the fact that it is supplied with fuel, for example coal with a particle size of up to several tens of millimeters, or else wood, bark, bagasse, that is to say sugar cane, or other comparable solid fuels, by means arranged in a first zone of the boiler and which continuously project a determined charge of the fuel along a trajectory bringing the latter into a second zone of the boiler, on a grid animated by a return movement from this second zone to the first; combustion begins during said trajectory and continues not only during the end thereof but also on the grate, where this combustion ends so that the grate brings only clinkers into the first zone, where these bottom ash are evacuated.
  • fuel for example coal with a particle size of up to several tens of millimeters, or else wood, bark, bagasse, that is to say sugar cane, or other comparable solid fuels
  • boilers of this type When compared with boilers of other known types, boilers of this type have a number of interesting advantages.
  • boilers of this type provide the advantage of using coals of varied particle size, and in particular coals of much larger particle size, which dispenses grinding means, costly in investment, maintenance and energy consumption, inextricably linked to pulverized coal boilers.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate such a risk, to allow a total reinjection of the solid particles sampled by the various successive dust collectors or separators, including the finest particles separated immediately before rejection of the fumes into the atmosphere.
  • the flow rate, in fine particles, of the corresponding separation means may even tuuel be very irregular, for example during an accidental or voluntary unclogging of these, or by repercussion, after a certain time, of a significant variation in the load of the boiler, and that, however, the transformation of this flow irregular in a continuous flow, at least approximately proportional to the load of the boiler, makes it possible not to disturb by the reinjection the combustion in this boiler, that is to say to reinject at all the load values without irregularity of heating , whatever the disturbances which may affect the instantaneous flow rate of the means for separating fine particles.
  • the flow of transport air must be such that this air does not disturb the combustion inside the boiler either, and in particular that it does not disturb the combustion of the reinjected particles thus transported; taking into account the high carbon content of these particles and their almost zero volatile matter content, the concentration of fine particles reinjected relative to the air which transports them should be sufficiently high, and we have obtained good results with a ratio of the mass flow rate of fine particles to the mass flow rate of transport air of the latter of between 1 and 10 approximately, these figures being given by way of nonlimiting example.
  • volume flow rate of the transport air is advantageously substantially constant, although adjustable, only the flow rate of fine particles in this air varies, in order to ensure a regular injection speed.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to reinject all of the solid particles taken from the flue gases before evacuation of the latter to the atmosphere, and to burn the combustible part of these particles under the best conditions, which allows savings sensitive fuel without moreover, it results in a complication of the installations; this results in an optimal use of the fuel, in every respect comparable to that obtained by a pulverized coal boiler, without the need to provide a grinder, a particularly significant drawback of such boilers.
  • the total reinjection makes it possible to extract waste, in practice clinkers, only in a single zone and in a space-saving form which is easy to reprocess.
  • the device for pneumatic conveying is carried out the connection between on the one hand, the average particle spill second sé p means a-ration in the buffer storage and, on the other hand, this last, which makes it possible to dissociate it from these dumping means and in particular to juxtapose it with the latter, that is to say not to place it immediately below;
  • the device comprises a second source of pressurized air, a second pneumatic transport line connecting this second source at the buffer capacity, the means for discharging particles from the second separation means into the buffer capacity opening into this second pipe by preventing direct communication between the latter and the second separation means.
  • the. pressurized air source mentioned first intended to supply the pneumatic conveying line leading to means for continuous sampling of particles in the buffer capacity by means of injection into the boiler, ie constituted by an upper part of the buffer capacity; in other words, the same transport air is then used to successively route the particles from the discharge means to the buffer capacity, then to the particles from the buffer capacity to the boiler.
  • the second separation means comprise a plurality of separators connected in series and / or in parallel, between the first separation means and the smoke evacuation means, by the smoke transport means, it is then possible to provide for a discharge of all of these separators in a single tanpon capacity without being obliged to communicate to the latter dimensions in plan corresponding to those of all of the second separation means thus formed;
  • the device according to the present invention is then characterized in that means are provided for discharging particles from each of the separators into the single buffer capacity, these discharge means opening into said second pipe, which is common, by prohibiting communication direct between this pipe and the separators.
  • This solution is advantageous not only in terms of space, but also in terms of simplification of the means used for regulating the operation, simply because of the uniqueness of the buffer capacity.
  • the means for controlling the flow rate of the means for continuously sampling particles in the or each buffer capacity to be charged to the boiler include means for controlling this flow rate to maintain an average level of particles in this buffer capacity, which makes it possible to gradually absorb, without disturbing the reinjection and combustion of the particles in the boiler, any sudden variations in the charge of particles received by the buffer capacity due to the repercussion, with delay, of an abrupt variation in the charge of the boiler, or also of unclogging the second separation means and more precisely, when the latter comprise several dust collectors, of unclogging one of these dust collectors or more of them.
  • FIG. 1 where we have designated by 1 a coal boiler, internally having a hearth 2 delimited downwards by an approximately horizontal grid 3 constituted by an endless conveyor 4 passing right through share the boiler 1, approximately horizontally, and respectively bypassing on either side thereof deflection means 5, 6 which define in particular in the conveyor 4 an upper strand 7, approximately horizontal, including an intermediate zone between the means bypass 5 and 6 constitutes grid 3; motor means, not shown, animate the conveyor 4 with a movement such that its upper strand 7, that is to say the grid 3, performs an approximately horizontal translational movement 8.
  • a combustion of the coal thus introduced into the hearth 2 begins during the crossing of the path 20 and continues on the grate 3, facilitated by an injection of primary air into the hearth 2 via a sheath 22 opening out inside it.
  • the speed of movement of the grid 3 in the direction 8 is established so that the coal deposited on this grid in the upstream zone 21 thereof is reduced to clinker state upon its arrival in the downstream zone 9, this bottom ash being evacuated by gravity bypassing, by the conveyor 4, the deflecting means 6 placed downstream if one refers to the direction 8, as has been shown diagrammatically at 25.
  • the combustion of coal during the crossing of the path 20 and on the grid 3 causes a release 26 of smoke that the walls 27 of the boiler, delimiting the hearth 2 laterally and upward, guide entirely to a duct 28 approximately horizontal, by making them pass through an evaporator 29 comprising a network of vertical tubes connecting a lower balloon 30 to an upper balloon 31 to vaporize a liquid completely filling the lower balloon 30 and the network of tubes, and partially the upper balloon 31; the latter is connected above the level of the liquid to a manifold 32 for steam outlet from the boiler, by means of a superheater 34 placed on the forced passage of the fumes, and below the level of the liquid to a manifold 33 water inlet into the boiler, via an economizer exchanger 35 also placed on the forced passage of fumes.
  • an economizer exchanger 35 also placed on the forced passage of fumes.
  • the output speed of the motor 16 is controlled by the flow of steam to be produced to meet the needs of the user, or load of the boiler.
  • Boilers of this type are well known to those skilled in the art, who know the practical embodiment of the various elements which have just been described.
  • the conduit 28 successively routes the fumes taken from the boiler 1 to first separation means 36 intended to separate the larger particles, then to second separation means 43 intended to separate the finer particles before routing the fumes thus dedusted towards means of evacuation to the atmosphere, shown schematically in 44.
  • the first separation means 36 can be constituted by any known device, capable of carrying out coarse dusting; they can be constituted for example by a mechanical deduster, for example cemtrifuge, or by the first field of an electrostatic separator.
  • these removal means and of reinjection comprise a vertical pipe 38, provided with two juxtaposed valves 39, 40 and in which the hopper 37 opens downwards, this pipe 38 opening itself downwards in an intermediate zone of a horizontal pipe 84 for pneumatic transport joining a source of pressurized air 42 to the hearth 2 of the boiler 1, into which this pipe 84 opens approximately horizontally, as indicated at 41, above the upstream zone 21 of the grid 3, at a corresponding level approximately to that of the projector 17 or at a lower level, so that the particles thus reinjected at 41 inside the boiler 1 are taken up by the coal projected along the path 20 by the designer 17, and follow then this trajectory with the coal thus projected.
  • the parameters of this reinjection of the largest particles separated from the fumes in the means 36 can be easily determined by those skilled in the art; one could also choose other modes, already known, of reintroducing such particles into the home, such as for example reintroduction by the designer 17 ; taking into account the granulanetry of the particles thus reinjected at 41, the combustion of these particles without re-flight, together with the coal introduced along the path 20 by the designer 17, does not pose the particular problems mentioned above, linked to the reinjection particles of finer particle size, which are resolved in accordance with the present invention.
  • the second separation means 43 consist of three separators 45, 46, 47, that the smoke travels successively in this order, in series, losing particles of increasingly fine collected in a respective lower hopper 48, 49, 50 of these separators 45, 46, 47; these separators can be either fields of the same electrostatic dust collector, or dust collectors of a different type.
  • Each of these hoppers 48, 49, 50 opens downwards onto a respective valve 51, 52, 53 capable of closing it in a gas-tight manner or of opening it to allow the descent, by gravity, of the solid particles collected.
  • each of the valves 51, 52, 53 is disposed a respective intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56, sealed, having an interior volume such that each opening of the associated valve 51, 52, 53, it can receive all of the load of solid particles from the lower hopper 48, 49, 50 of the associated separator 45, 46, 47.
  • each valve 51, 52, 53, normally closed, to empty the lower hopper 48, 49, 50 of the corresponding separator is carried out either when the latter contains a predetermined volume of particles, in function of which is chosen the volume of the associated intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56, or cyclically with a chosen periodicity so that the volume of particles in this lower separator hopper never exceeds this predetermined volume.
  • Each of the intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 opens downwards onto a valve 57, 58, 59 at any point similar to the valves 51, 52, 53.
  • each of the intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 there opens a respective pipe 100, 101, 102 connected in branch on a pipe 97 which will be described later, and a vehicle air under p res - sion provided by a volumetric blower 98; each of these pipes 100, 101, 102 makes it possible to inject into the associated intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56, an air for fluidizing the particles therein, the flow rate of this air being able to be adjusted individually by an appropriate valve 103 of line 100, 104 of line 101, 105 of line 102.
  • each of the intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 in a state of fluidity such that they can easily flow down out of it when the valve 57, 58, 59 is open.
  • each valve 57, 58, 59 opens onto a respective vertical gravity discharge pipe 94, 95, 96 and the various pipes 94, 95, 96 themselves open down into the pipe 97 mentioned above.
  • a diaphragm 106 is interposed in the pipe 97 between the outlet of the various pipes 94, 95, 96 and the mouth of the pipes 100, 101, 102 to cause air to pass through them.
  • the air conveyed by the pipe 97 at a flow rate adjusted by adjusting the volumetric booster 98 can successively take charge of the particles taken from the intermediate hopper 56 when the valve 59 is open, and which fall via the pipe 96, the particles taken from the intermediate hopper 55 when the valve 58 is open, and which fall via the line 95, and the particles taken from the intermediate hopper 54 when the valve 57 is open, and which fall via the line 94; it will be noted that this order, chosen by way of example, is not characteristic of the invention and is therefore not limiting of the latter.
  • the air circulating in the pipe 97 conveys in this direction 99 all the particles thus received up to the upper part 107 with a single buffer capacity 60, sealed, delimiting an internal volume greater than the sum of the respective volumes of the intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 of so that it can permanently contain a volume of particles much greater than the volume which can reach the intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 when the valves 51, 52, 53 connecting them with the respective separators 45, 46 , 47 are open; in addition, the volume and the shape of the buffer capacity 60 are such that, when the latter receives, via the pneumatic conveying line 97, intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56 a load of solid particles by opening the valves 57, 58, 59, there follows in the buffer capacity a small variation in the level of the charge of solid particles therein.
  • the buffer capacity 60 has a lower hopper-shaped portion, tapering progressively downward, and an upper portion 107 of constant cross section in a horizontal plane, the lower portion being intended to be permanently filled with particles on the whole of its height, as well as the upper part 107 over part of its height.
  • Buffer capacity 60 is thus associated with an upper average level 63 of its particle charge; a level sensor 91, associated with the buffer capacity 60, makes it possible to detect and either quantify or compare to a predetermined threshold or to several predetermined thresholds, the possible differences between the actual level of particles in the buffer capacity and the level predetermined means 63, corresponding to this buffer capacity; such sensors are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Each intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 constitutes an airlock allowing the passage of particles from the lower hopper 48, 49, 50 of the separator respectively associated 45, 46, 47 to the buffer capacity 60, via line 97, while prohibiting direct communication, with the possibility of gas passage, between the internal volume of this buffer capacity and the separators 45, 46, 47; for this purpose, in service, each of the valves 51, 52, 53 is only open on condition that the valve 57, 58, 59 associated with the same intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 is closed, and each of these valves 57, 58, 59 is only open on condition that the valve 51, 52, 53 associated with the same intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 is closed; in practice, an opening then closing of each valve 57, 58, 59, normally closed, to empty the associated intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 occurs after each opening-closing of the corresponding valve 51, 52, 53.
  • a pipe 85 which makes it possible to inject into the buffer capacity 60 a fluidizing air of the particles therein, the flow rate of this air can be regulated by a suitable valve 88 of the pipe 85; this air comes for example from the source 42, the pipe 85 then being connected in bypass on the pipe 84, between this source 42 and the outlet of the pipe 38, in a manner not shown but similar to what has been described with reference to lines 100, 101, 102 and 97.
  • the particles are thus maintained, in the buffer capacity 60, in a state of fluidity such that they can be easily sampled by means of sampling at a continuous, adjustable flow rate, onto which this buffer capacity 60 opens down;
  • these removal means are advantageously designated by 69 constituted by a rotary airlock or alveolar distributor, comprising, as is known, a plurality of pallets driven to rotation about an axis, by a motor 72, inside a envelope with which these pallets delimit cells which the rotation of the pallets puts in communication alternately with the buffer capacity 60, upwards, and, downwards, with a vertical evacuation pipe by gravity 75;
  • the flow rate of such a honeycomb distributor in terms of volume flow rate or mass flow rate, is controlled by the speed of rotation of the pallets, that is to say by their driving speed by the associated motor 72.
  • the pipe 75 opens into an approximately horizontal section of a pipe 66 which takes up the air under pressure, supplied by the volumetric booster 98 via the pipe 97, in the upper part 107 of the buffer capacity 60 and conveys this air in a direction of flow 78; a throttle 68 is interposed in the pipe 66, between its mouth in the upper part 107 of the buffer capacity 60 and the outlet of the pipe 75 in this pipe 66, to establish at the outlet of the pipe 75 a pressure lower than that which prevails in the upper part 107 of the buffer capacity 60.
  • the air conveyed by the pipe 66 at a flow rate adjusted by adjusting the volumetric booster 98, takes care of the particles taken from the buffer capacity 60 at a flow rate determined by the alveolar distributor 69, and which fall via line 75.
  • the air circulating in the pipe 66 conveys in this direction 78 the particles thus received up to injection means 79 of any type known in itself, used for injecting pulverulent materials into boilers, which injection means 79 open into the hearth 2 approximately horizontally, above the upstream zone 21 of the grid 3, at a level which is intermediate between the levels nozzles 23, 24 for injecting secondary air and corresponds to at least approximately the level of injection 41 of the largest particles separated by the first separation means 36; the injection means 79 are oriented towards the path 20, and more precisely towards a part thereof close to the grid in the upstream region 21 thereof, to favor the handling of the fine particles thus injected at 79 by the coal projected by the spraying device 17 along the path 20, and the monitoring of this path to the grid 3 by these fine particles.
  • injection means 79 of any type known in itself, used for injecting pulverulent materials into boilers, which injection means 79 open into the hearth 2 approximately horizontally, above the upstream zone 21 of the grid 3, at a level which is intermediate between the levels nozzles
  • the flow of air for transporting the particles in the pipe 66 and the flow of particles in this air, via the withdrawal means in the buffer capacity 60, here constituted by the alveolar distributor 69, are continuous, and the flow of particles downstream from the outlet of the pipe 75 in the pipe 66, expressed in terms of mass flow or volume flow, is at least approximately proportional to the load of the boiler, for example to the flow of the supply means 10 expressed in the same units, which is representative of this charge.
  • the flow rate of the withdrawal means in the buffer capacity 60 is controlled by the load of the boiler so as to be at least approximately proportional to it.
  • the flow of solid particles received in the dust collectors 45, 46, 47 then conveyed to the buffer capacity 60 is substantially proportional to the feed rate of the coal boiler 14 from the hopper 11, itself representative of the load of the boiler, there is provided for this purpose, in the illustrated embodiment, a servo motor 72 to the information supplied by the level sensor 91, so as to limit the variations in the level of particles in the buffer capacity 60 in comparison with the predetermined average level 63; it will be noted that in this way it is also ensured that the sampling means 69 receive particles, in the buffer capacity 60, an approximately constant force allowing them to work under conditions themselves approximately constant, independently of the respective emptying intermediate hoppers 54, 55, 56.
  • the means making it possible to control the speed of rotation of the motor 72 to the information supplied by the level sensor 91 have been shown diagrammatically by a link in dashed lines 81; they can be chosen by a person skilled in the art from a wide range of possibilities without departing from the scope of the present invention, depending in particular on the type of level sensor 91 used, offering, depending on the case, a possibility of correction step by step or a possibility of continuous correction.
  • the means used for this purpose which can be chosen by a person skilled in the art from a wide range of possibilities and have therefore only been shown diagrammatically by a dashed line 80, tend, for example, to link in a predetermined proportionality relationship , as a function of the quantities of solid particles expected in the dust collectors 45,
  • the flow of transport air in this pipe is adjusted by action on the voluretric booster 98 so that the mass flow of the particles introduced into line 66 either in relation to the mass flow rate of air in this line, between 1 and 10 approximately;
  • these figures given by way of nonlimiting example, correspond to a high concentration of the particle-air suspension injected at 79 into the boiler, such a high concentration being favorable to the combustion of the particles upon their arrival in the boiler and to their sintering in the form of bottom ash once they have burned and they are on the grid 3.
  • each valve 57, 58, 59 opens downwards onto a respective buffer capacity 360, 361, 362 sealed, delimiting an interior volume greater than that of the intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56.
  • each buffer capacity 360,361,362 are such that, when the latter receives from the associated intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 a load of solid particles by opening the valve connecting them 57, 58, 59 it there follows in the buffer capacity a small variation in the level of the charge of solid particles therein.
  • each of the buffer capacities 360,361,362 has a hopper-shaped lower part, progressively narrowing downwards, and an upper part of constant section in a horizontal plane, the lower part being intended to be permanently filled with particles on the its entire height, as well as the upper part over a portion of its height.
  • Each buffer capacity 360,361,362 is thus associated with an upper average level 363,364,365 of its charge in particles; a level sensor 391,392,393 respectively associated with each buffer capacity 360,361,362 makes it possible to detect and either quantify or compare to a predetermined threshold or to several predetermined thresholds, the possible differences between the actual level of particles in the buffer capacity considered and the level predetermined means 363, 364,365 corresponding to this buffer capacity; such sensors are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Each intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 constitutes an airlock allowing the passage of particles from the lower hopper 48, 49, 50 of the separator respectively associated 45, 46, 47 to the capa corresponding buffer city 360,361,362 without at any time, the internal volume of the latter being put in direct communication, with the possibility of gas passage, with the separator 45, 46, 47; for this purpose, in service, each of the valves 51, 52, 53 is only open on condition that the valve 57, 58, 59 associated with the same intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 is closed, and each of these valves 57, 58, 59 is only open on condition that the valve 51, 52, 53 associated with the same intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 is closed; in practice, an opening and then closing of each valve 57, 58, 59, normally closed, to empty the associated intermediate hopper 54, 55, 56 occurs after each opening-closing of the corresponding valve 51, 52, 53.
  • each of the buffer capacities 360,361,362 at the bottom of the lower part thereof, there emerges a respective pipe 385,386,387 connected in diversion to a pipe 366 which will be described later, and which conveys pressurized air supplied by a fan 367; each of these pipes 385,386,387 makes it possible to inject into the associated buffer capacity 360,361,362, an air for fluidizing the particles therein, the flow rate of this air being able to be adjusted individually by a suitable valve 388 of the pipe 385,389 of the pipe 386,390 of driving 387.
  • each of the buffer capacities 360,361,362 in a state of fluidity such that they can be easily withdrawn by means of sampling at a continuous, adjustable flow rate, onto which this buffer capacity 360,361,362 opens downwards;
  • these withdrawal means associated with the buffer capacity 360,361,362 respectively have been designated by 369,370,371;
  • each of these removal means 369,370,371 is advantageously constituted by a rotary airlock or alveolar distributor, comprising, as is known, a plurality of pallets driven to rotation about an axis, by a respective motor 372,373,374, inside a envelope with which these pallets delimit cells which the rotation of the pallets brings into communication alternately with the associated buffer capacity 360,361, 362, upwards, and, downwards, with a vertical evacuation pipe by gravity 375,376,377;
  • the flow rate of such a cellular distributor in terms of volume flow rate or mass flow rate, is controlled by the speed of rotation of the pallets, that is to say by their driving speed by the
  • each of the pipes 375,376,377 opens into the pipe 366 mentioned above, approximately horizontal, in locations distributed along it downstream of the zone from which the fluidization air pipes 385,386,387 derive therefrom if the 'We refer to a direction of air circulation 378 in this line 366, imposed by the fan 367; a diaphragm 368 is interposed in the pipe 366 between the outlet of the various pipes 375,376,377 and the mouth of the pipes 385,386, 387 to cause an air passage in the latter.
  • the air conveyed by the pipe 366 at a flow rate adjusted by adjusting the fan 367, successively takes care of the particles taken from the buffer capacity 362 at a flow rate determined by the alveolar distributor 371, and which fall via the line 377, the particles taken from the buffer capacity 361, at a flow rate determined by the alveolar distributor 370, and which fall via line 376, and the particles taken from the buffer capacity 360 at a flow rate determined by the alveolar distributor 369, and which fall via line 375; it will be noted that this order, chosen by way of example, is not characteristic of the invention and is therefore not limiting of the latter; other connection methods will also be described later, with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the air circulating in the pipe 366 conveys in this direction 378 all of the particles thus received up to means injection 379 at all points similar to the injection means 79 described with reference to FIG.
  • the injection means 379 are oriented towards the path 20, and more precisely towards a part thereof close to the grid in the upstream zone 21 thereof, to favor the handling of fine particles as well injected in 379 by the coal projected by the spraying device 17 along the path 20, and the monitoring of this path to the grid 3 by these fine particles.
  • both the air flow in line 366 considered canine, a transport air flow taking into account the negligible nature of the part of this flow used for fluidization in the buffer capacities 360, 361, 362, and the flow of particles in this air, via the sampling means in the buffer capacities 360, 361, 362 here constituted by the alveolar distributors 369, 370, 371, are continuous, and the particle flow downstream of all the pipes 375,376,377, expressed in terms of mass flow or volume flow, is at least approximately proportional to the load of the boiler, for example to the flow of the supply means 10 expressed in the same units.
  • the means making it possible to correct, step by step or continuously, depending on the type of level sensor 391,392,393 used, the speed of rotation of each of the motors 372,373,374 in a slave manner to the measurement of the level sensor 391,392,393 associated with the same capacity buffer 360,361,362 were simply diagrammed by broken lines 381,382,383; like the means 380, they can be chosen by a person skilled in the art from a wide range of possibilities, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the air flow in this pipe considered as a transport air flow taking into account the small part of this flow which is taken for the fluidization in the capacities.
  • buffers 360,361,362 and preferably constant in terms of volume flow is adjusted by action on the fan 367 so that the mass flow of the particles introduced into line 366 is in relation to the mass flow of air in this line, inclusive between 1 and 10 approximately; these figures, given by way of nonlimiting example, correspond to a high concentration of the particle-air suspension injected at 379 into the boiler, such a high concentration being favorable to the combustion of the particles upon their arrival in the boiler and to their sintering in the form of bottom ash once they have burned and they are on the grid 3.
  • Each of these separators 145a, 146a, 145b, 146b has a respective lower hopper 148a, 149a, 148b, 149b opening downwards, via a respective valve 151a, 152a, 151b, 152b, in a respective intermediate hopper 154a, 155a, 154b , 155b opening itself down, via a respective valve 157a, 158a, 157b, 158b, in a respective buffer capacity 160a, 161a, 160b, 161b; this buffer capacity itself opens downwards by continuous withdrawal means, at an adjustable flow rate, such as a cellular distributor respectively 169a, 170a, 169b, 170b, on an upper end of a vertical pipe, respectively 175a, 176a, 175b, 176b; these elements carry numerical references resulting from a decrementation of 200 compared to the numerical references assigned to elements already described with reference to FIG. 2, to which these elements of FIG. 3 are similar in their structure, their inter
  • a single pneumatic transport line 166 at any point ccm- comparable to the line 366 described above and supplied as it in pressurized air by a fan 167 at any point comparable to the fan 367, receives in a distributed manner the lower ends of the different lines 176b, 176a, 175a, 175b, in this order, to convey the particles which it receives from these lines , suspended in the air, up to single injection means 179, at any point comparable to the means 379 described above, at the hearth of the boiler (not shown).
  • the number of separators traversed in series by the flue gases, and the nature of these separators can vary to a large extent depending on the needs. estimated by the skilled person; in the case of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 in addition, the number of branches derived from the smoke delivery duct 128 or 228 could be greater than two, the ducts then corresponding to the ducts 175a, 176a, 175b, 176b or 275a, 276a, 275b, 276b which can open into a single pneumatic transport line of the type illustrated in 166 in FIG. 3, or into parallel pneumatic transport lines of the type illustrated in 266a and 266b in FIG. 4, or else in series in pneumatic conveying lines connected in parallel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP84402258A 1983-11-09 1984-11-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wiedereinblasen von flugstaub in einen Heizkessel für festen Brennstoff Expired EP0142437B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402258T ATE45025T1 (de) 1983-11-09 1984-11-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wiedereinblasen von flugstaub in einen heizkessel fuer festen brennstoff.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8317811A FR2554552B1 (fr) 1983-11-09 1983-11-09 Procede et dispositif de reinjection de particules envolees dans une chaudiere a combustible solide
FR8317811 1983-11-09
FR8401774 1984-02-06
FR8401774A FR2559239B2 (fr) 1984-02-06 1984-02-06 Dispositif de reinjection de particules envolees dans une chaudiere a combustible solide

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0142437A2 true EP0142437A2 (de) 1985-05-22
EP0142437A3 EP0142437A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0142437B1 EP0142437B1 (de) 1989-07-26

Family

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EP84402258A Expired EP0142437B1 (de) 1983-11-09 1984-11-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wiedereinblasen von flugstaub in einen Heizkessel für festen Brennstoff

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Country Link
US (2) US4648329A (de)
EP (1) EP0142437B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0739842B2 (de)
AU (1) AU577563B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1252356A (de)
DE (1) DE3479148D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1985002246A1 (de)

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FR2595789A1 (fr) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-18 Bekakis Basile Procede et dispositif de reinjection des particules separees dans une chaudiere a combustible solide
WO1999006765A1 (en) * 1997-07-30 1999-02-11 Institute Of Gas Technology Reburn process

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US5239935A (en) * 1991-11-19 1993-08-31 Detroit Stoker Company Oscillating damper and air-swept distributor
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US7047894B2 (en) * 1999-11-02 2006-05-23 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for combustion of residual carbon in fly ash
WO2001033140A1 (en) 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for combustion of residual carbon in fly ash
DE102004027563A1 (de) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-22 Joint Solar Silicon Gmbh & Co. Kg Silizium sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US7252134B2 (en) * 2004-06-28 2007-08-07 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for removal of flashing and blockages from a casting
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EP2100078A1 (de) * 2006-12-07 2009-09-16 Technologies International Limited Waste2Energy Abfallchargenvergasungsprozess
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DE102010033307A1 (de) * 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachverbrennen von heißem Material auf einem Förderer
CN102042585B (zh) * 2011-01-25 2011-12-07 北京德普新源科技发展有限公司 生物质直燃发电锅炉炉渣和烟灰再燃烧及排放装置
CN102829466B (zh) * 2012-07-25 2015-04-01 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 生物质锅炉炉渣燃烧装置
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2595789A1 (fr) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-18 Bekakis Basile Procede et dispositif de reinjection des particules separees dans une chaudiere a combustible solide
WO1999006765A1 (en) * 1997-07-30 1999-02-11 Institute Of Gas Technology Reburn process
US5937772A (en) * 1997-07-30 1999-08-17 Institute Of Gas Technology Reburn process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985002246A1 (fr) 1985-05-23
JPH0739842B2 (ja) 1995-05-01
AU577563B2 (en) 1988-09-29
EP0142437B1 (de) 1989-07-26
US4648329A (en) 1987-03-10
DE3479148D1 (en) 1989-08-31
US4739715A (en) 1988-04-26
JPS61500377A (ja) 1986-03-06
AU3613784A (en) 1985-06-03
EP0142437A3 (en) 1985-09-18
CA1252356A (fr) 1989-04-11

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