EP0155607A1 - Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides - Google Patents

Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155607A1
EP0155607A1 EP85102684A EP85102684A EP0155607A1 EP 0155607 A1 EP0155607 A1 EP 0155607A1 EP 85102684 A EP85102684 A EP 85102684A EP 85102684 A EP85102684 A EP 85102684A EP 0155607 A1 EP0155607 A1 EP 0155607A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
grate
boiler according
combustion chamber
gasification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85102684A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0155607B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Köpke
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6230443&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0155607(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85102684T priority Critical patent/ATE29574T1/de
Publication of EP0155607A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155607A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0155607B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155607B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid gasification boiler with a filling shaft and a gasification chamber arranged above a grate, and to a method for operating such a solid gasification boiler.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solid gasification boiler, which can be used for small businesses and households and with which heat can be generated directly, so that, for example in small industrial companies, agricultural companies, garden centers and households or the like. Not only the elimination of Waste can be carried out sensibly, but heating of the operating systems is also possible at the same time with the energies obtained.
  • coal, peat and other combustible materials can be processed and waste or other residues can be burned at the same time.
  • These different fuels can be gasified and burned at the same time and can be filled into the furnace unsorted.
  • the fuel gas obtained is of high combustion quality and, depending on the gasified substances, has little or no oil or tars in the exhaust gases.
  • the gasification of the different fuels and the subsequent burning of the resulting gas burns out the materials up to 99%. As a result, a particularly high level of energy is achieved.
  • ash is produced to an exceptionally small extent, which is an unmelted, sterile ash in a floury state. The ashes can immediately be fed from the furnace to a corresponding collection container.
  • Fig. 1 denotes a filling shaft of a solid gasification boiler.
  • a rotary valve or a double piston filler can be provided here.
  • a reaction or gasification chamber 2 At the bottom of this filling shaft is a reaction or gasification chamber 2, which is delimited at the bottom by a grate 3, which is shown in the drawing as a swivel grate.
  • a combustion chamber 4 is arranged below the swiveling grate 3 and is delimited at the bottom by an ash extraction 5.
  • a vibrating grate can also be used, which is driven by a vibrating motor drive.
  • a flame tube 6 Provided within the combustion chamber 4 is a flame tube 6, the gas inlet 7 of which is arranged eccentrically to the combustion chamber 4, so that the combustion gases escaping downward through the swiveling grate 3 are forced to enter the flame tube eccentrically, while doing so at a pipe socket 8 arranged support burner 9 must flow past, which is intended to ignite the gases to be burned in the flame tube 6.
  • the pipe socket 8 is closed to the outside by an explosion flap 10 with a draft limiter.
  • a blower which opens into the lower region of the combustion chamber 4 via air lines 12, leads into the swiveling grate 3 via a further air line 14 and mün into the upper region of the reaction chamber 2 via a third air line 15 det, below the filling shaft, and in these three areas for the supply of oxygen-rich fresh air.
  • a pressure compensation tube is shown, which leads from the filling shaft into the reaction chamber 2 and via a bypass line 16a into the combustion chamber 4.
  • An ignition burner 17 which is also arranged in a corresponding pipe socket 18, opens into the reaction chamber 2 above the swivel grate 3.
  • the swiveling grate 3 has a width which is greater than the clear width of the reaction space 2.
  • the swivel grate extends over the entire length of the boiler and has in the areas in which it lies below the projecting wall parts 19 and 20 of the reaction chamber 2, on the swivel grate plane upward protrusions 21, which prevent ungased fuel from the reaction chamber 2 can get into the combustion chamber 4.
  • the wall of the solid gasification boiler can accommodate a heat exchanger 22, for example the heat exchanger of a hot water heater.
  • the solid gasification boiler described above works in the combustion chamber 4 and in the flame tube 6 with a vacuum which extends to the filling shaft 1.
  • the negative pressure in the filling shaft 1 and in the reaction chamber 2 decreases and can come to zero, depending on how the pressure control system is switched on represents is.
  • the natural chimney draft or a built-in flue gas fan ensure the negative pressure in the solid gasification boiler. This negative pressure is guaranteed when the boiler is started up by a pressure control system, so that no excess pressure can arise due to excess gas production.
  • the pressure control system controls the air supply to the boiler. If there is a large amount of gas in the reaction chamber 2 and in the filling shaft 1, as a result of which the vacuum would decrease, the air supply is immediately reduced or completely closed. This can be done using a separate control system or by appropriately controlling the blower 11.
  • the pressure compensation tube 16 leading from the filling shaft 1 into the reaction chamber 2 or into the combustion chamber 4 can be arranged inside or outside the boiler and ensures a constant pressure inside the boiler.
  • the flame tube 6 is, as already described, arranged so that the gas inlet 7 has the effect that the gases emerging downwards through the swiveling grate 3 must pass through a further path to the outlet and are thus guided past the support burner 9. As a result, the gases are burned in the combustion chamber 4 and completely burned out in the flame tube 6.
  • a heat exchanger can also be connected, so that the burnt-out gases in the flame tube 6, which can have a temperature between 500 and 800 ° C, ge in the heat exchanger can be cooled and then discharged through the chimney with a low exhaust gas temperature of approx. 100 °.
  • the flame tube 6 itself is made of a heat-resistant material, for example stainless steel or a quartz melt, this material becoming red-hot and thus ensuring better combustion in the flame tube 6 and in the combustion chamber 4.
  • the shape of the flame tube 6 is irrelevant.
  • the arrangement of an explosion valve 10 with draft limiter has the task that in the event of deflagrations within the boiler, these can be compensated for immediately.
  • the draft limiter closes as soon as the blower 11 is in operation. If the blower 11 turns off or the air supply is completely or partially closed, the draft limiter 10 comes into operation and regulates the draft in the combustion tube, so that the solid gasification boiler in the reaction chamber 2 and in the combustion chamber 4 does not cool down.
  • the swivel grate 3 is driven with a thrust safety device, which has the task of absorbing the force of the motor when materials in the reaction space 2 jam or tilt, so that the swivel grate 3 cannot move freely.
  • the fuel materials prepared in this way are filled into the filling shaft 1.
  • these substances are ignited via the swiveling grate 3 and heated up to 1000 ° C., as a result of which gasification occurs and a fuel gas is produced which is of high fuel gas quality and burned depending on the type Residues have no or only little occurrence of oils and tars.
  • This fuel gas is sucked down by a negative pressure in the lower combustion chamber 4, ignited via the pilot burner 17 and then burned further in the combustion chamber 4 and in the flame tube 6.
  • the burned-out exhaust gases have a temperature of between 500 and 800 ° C and can then be passed through a heat exchanger to obtain the residual energy and can be removed through the chimney, with an exhaust gas temperature in the chimney of approximately 100 ° C then.
  • the solids can also be mixed with flammable liquids, with the boilers according to the invention e.g. the problem-free burning of waste oil is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
EP85102684A 1984-03-14 1985-03-08 Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides Expired EP0155607B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85102684T ATE29574T1 (de) 1984-03-14 1985-03-08 Feststoffvergasungsheizkessel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3409292A DE3409292C2 (de) 1984-03-14 1984-03-14 Feststoffvergasungsheizkessel
DE3409292 1984-03-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155607A1 true EP0155607A1 (fr) 1985-09-25
EP0155607B1 EP0155607B1 (fr) 1987-09-09

Family

ID=6230443

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85102684A Expired EP0155607B1 (fr) 1984-03-14 1985-03-08 Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0155607B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE29574T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3409292C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985004236A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3933576C1 (en) * 1989-10-07 1991-02-28 Egon 5060 Bergisch Gladbach De Piski Extruding industrial sludge into pellets - increasing dry material content to over 70 per-cent, expelling water
EP0588075A1 (fr) * 1992-09-10 1994-03-23 Hugo Petersen Ges. für verfahrenstechn. Anlagenbau mbH & Co KG Procédé et four de combustion pour brûler des déchets
FR2721689A1 (fr) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-29 Envirotec Group Ltd Procédé et incinérateur pour incinérer les déchets hospitaliers et analogues.
WO1996000366A1 (fr) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-04 Envirotec Group Limited Procede et incinerateur pour incinerer les dechets hospitaliers et analogues
EP0703408A2 (fr) 1994-09-26 1996-03-27 Manfred Köpke Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides
DE29707032U1 (de) * 1997-04-18 1997-06-05 KÖB & Schäfer KG, Wolfurt Feuerungsanlage
DE102010044550B4 (de) * 2010-09-07 2016-09-01 Brita Kohlfuerst-Millard Verteiler für eine Schankanlage

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3705406A1 (de) * 1987-02-20 1988-09-08 Manfred Koepke Feststoffvergasungsheizkessel
DE3718022C1 (en) * 1987-05-27 1988-11-10 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Boiler burning solid matter
DE3737661A1 (de) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-24 Karl Ackermann Heizungskessel mit zwangsweiser zufuhr der verbrennungsluft
DE3900977A1 (de) * 1989-01-14 1990-07-19 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Verfahren zum verbrennen von brennstoffen sowie verbrennungsanlage zum durchfuehren dieses verfahrens
DE3924626A1 (de) * 1989-07-26 1991-01-31 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor fuer brennbare feststoffe
DE4344569C2 (de) * 1993-12-24 1996-07-04 Ver Verwertung Und Entsorgung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brenngasherstellung
DE4435906C5 (de) * 1994-09-26 2005-09-08 Köpke, Manfred Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Feststoffen
WO1997001617A1 (fr) * 1995-06-27 1997-01-16 Ver Verwertung Und Entsorgung Von Reststoffen Gmbh Procede et dispositif permettant de produire du gaz combustible
RU2232347C2 (ru) * 2002-02-27 2004-07-10 Мещанкин Андрей Иванович Газификатор твердого топлива
RU2545199C1 (ru) * 2014-01-29 2015-03-27 Андрей Иванович Мещанкин Газификатор твердых бытовых отходов и твердого топлива

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4231302A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-04 Albert Neuhaus-Schwermann Apparatus and process for burning of fuels of relatively young geological age and of any resulting gases
DE3023421B1 (de) * 1980-06-23 1981-01-29 Josef Probsteder Ofen fuer feste Abfallbrennstoffe
US4306506A (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-22 Energy Recovery Research Group, Inc. Gasification apparatus
FR2516209A1 (fr) * 1981-11-10 1983-05-13 Hays Claude Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de chauffage a combustion inversee
EP0127746A1 (fr) * 1983-04-09 1984-12-12 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Procédé pour la combustion de matière combustible et chambre de combustion pour la combustion de gaz résiduaire
DE3332913A1 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-13 Chemische Fabrik Uetikon, Uetikon Verfahren zur erzeugung schadstoffarmer brenn- bzw. abgase und einrichtung sowie presslinge zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2721213C2 (de) * 1977-05-11 1978-09-28 Josef 8399 Ruhstorf Probsteder Ofen für feste Abfallbrennstoffe
DE7919301U1 (de) * 1979-07-05 1979-10-25 Hdg-Kessel- U. Apparatebau Gmbh, 8332 Massing Verbrennungsofen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4231302A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-04 Albert Neuhaus-Schwermann Apparatus and process for burning of fuels of relatively young geological age and of any resulting gases
US4306506A (en) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-22 Energy Recovery Research Group, Inc. Gasification apparatus
DE3023421B1 (de) * 1980-06-23 1981-01-29 Josef Probsteder Ofen fuer feste Abfallbrennstoffe
FR2516209A1 (fr) * 1981-11-10 1983-05-13 Hays Claude Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de chauffage a combustion inversee
EP0127746A1 (fr) * 1983-04-09 1984-12-12 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Procédé pour la combustion de matière combustible et chambre de combustion pour la combustion de gaz résiduaire
DE3332913A1 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-13 Chemische Fabrik Uetikon, Uetikon Verfahren zur erzeugung schadstoffarmer brenn- bzw. abgase und einrichtung sowie presslinge zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3933576C1 (en) * 1989-10-07 1991-02-28 Egon 5060 Bergisch Gladbach De Piski Extruding industrial sludge into pellets - increasing dry material content to over 70 per-cent, expelling water
EP0588075A1 (fr) * 1992-09-10 1994-03-23 Hugo Petersen Ges. für verfahrenstechn. Anlagenbau mbH & Co KG Procédé et four de combustion pour brûler des déchets
FR2721689A1 (fr) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-29 Envirotec Group Ltd Procédé et incinérateur pour incinérer les déchets hospitaliers et analogues.
WO1996000366A1 (fr) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-04 Envirotec Group Limited Procede et incinerateur pour incinerer les dechets hospitaliers et analogues
EP0703408A2 (fr) 1994-09-26 1996-03-27 Manfred Köpke Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides
EP0703408A3 (fr) * 1994-09-26 1997-01-15 Manfred Koepke Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides
DE29707032U1 (de) * 1997-04-18 1997-06-05 KÖB & Schäfer KG, Wolfurt Feuerungsanlage
DE102010044550B4 (de) * 2010-09-07 2016-09-01 Brita Kohlfuerst-Millard Verteiler für eine Schankanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3560603D1 (en) 1987-10-15
WO1985004236A1 (fr) 1985-09-26
DE3409292C2 (de) 1986-07-31
EP0155607B1 (fr) 1987-09-09
ATE29574T1 (de) 1987-09-15
DE3409292A1 (de) 1985-09-26

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