EP0703408A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0703408A2
EP0703408A2 EP95114986A EP95114986A EP0703408A2 EP 0703408 A2 EP0703408 A2 EP 0703408A2 EP 95114986 A EP95114986 A EP 95114986A EP 95114986 A EP95114986 A EP 95114986A EP 0703408 A2 EP0703408 A2 EP 0703408A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
gas
combustion chamber
gasification
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95114986A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0703408B1 (fr
EP0703408A3 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Köpke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4435906A external-priority patent/DE4435906C5/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0703408A2 publication Critical patent/EP0703408A2/fr
Publication of EP0703408A3 publication Critical patent/EP0703408A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0703408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0703408B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the gasification of solids according to the preamble of the main claim and to a solid gasification boiler according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • the collected gas is guided below the grate into a combustion chamber in which a flame tube is arranged, whereby the fuel gases escaping down through the grate are forced to enter the flame tube off-center, while doing so at an inside of a pipe socket arranged support burner must flow past, which is intended to ignite the gases to be burned in the flame tube.
  • a generic boiler is also described in EP 155 607, here the combustion chamber being designed as a large space in which the fresh air line fed by a blower opens in the lower region.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solid gasification boiler, in which a short circuit between air and gas is avoided and thereby a safe but controlled combustion of the gases produced is achieved .
  • the gas flows below the grate into a gas collection chamber. Since this gas collection chamber is located in front of the gas burner, the gas can expand and relax and the first large amounts of dust can settle.
  • No combustion air is fed into the gas collection chamber, so that combustion cannot take place here either, but the hot gas continues to flow to a gas guide tube and to a gas-air mixing chamber.
  • the combustion air is fed around the gas guide tube to the gas-air mixing chamber, the flow velocity of the air preferably being increased in the region of the entry into the gas-air mixing chamber in that the air duct is relatively narrow here. Because the air flows around the hot gases that have collected in the gas guide tube, the air is warmed up and because, according to an essential feature of the invention, the actual combustion chamber passes through the gas collection chamber, the fuel gases are heated, resulting in a total of one leads to better combustion.
  • the arrangement of the air supply and the supply of the fuel gases to the gas burner ensure good mixing of the gases, which is important for the combustion.
  • the actual combustion chamber is located inside the gas collection chamber, above or below the ash chamber.
  • the main advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that a short circuit between air and fuel gases cannot occur and that the radiant heat of the actual combustion chamber can be used to heat the gases in the gas collection chamber, but then also the gasification process above the grate the heat present from below is supported and that finally the radiant heat of the combustion chamber extends into the ash chamber, so that the remaining carbon parts in the ash are also annealed.
  • Baffles are arranged within the paths of the gas and even within the combustion chamber, which result in dust particles within the gases being easily separated.
  • a solid gasification boiler which has a filling funnel 1, which is followed by a gasification chamber 2, which is arranged above a grate 3.
  • the air supply lines 4 which open out in the region of the gasification chamber 2 are shown schematically and the grate 3 can be designed as a swivel grate or a pendulum grate.
  • the pressure compensation tube cannot be seen in the drawing.
  • combustion chamber 8 in which the gases formed by the gasification of the solids are burned, an ash chamber 6 being provided below the combustion chamber 8.
  • a heat recovery system 7 As far as the solid gasification boiler is designed according to the prior art and the hot exhaust gases resulting from the combustion of the gases are preferably passed through a heat recovery system 7.
  • a gas collection chamber 5 is formed below the grate and the combustion chamber 8 is arranged within the gas collection chamber 5, the interior of which is closed off from the gas collection chamber 5, so that no short-circuit currents can arise here.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 The closer design of the combustion chamber 8 can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the combustion chamber 8 can be seen, which is above the ash chamber 6 and inside the gas collection chamber 5.
  • the combustion chamber 8 leads to an exhaust gas chimney 9 and on the opposite side of the combustion chamber 8, a gas burner 19 is provided with a gas guide tube 10 into which the gases from the gas collection chamber 5 are guided through one or more gas supply pipes 14.
  • FIG. 3 A section along line 3 - 3 in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 3 and it can be seen that the actual gas guide tube 10 on the one hand has a supply line for the gas, but on the other hand this supply line is flowed around by the air to be supplied, the air supply channel at 11 is recognizable.
  • the sectors 12 serve the air supply and the sectors 14 the gas supply, ie through the sectors 14 the gas flows into the gas guide tube 10, but the air through the sectors 12 to a gas-air mixing chamber 15, where there is now one there is an intensive mixture between air and gas.
  • a pilot or auxiliary burner 16 is provided, and it can also be seen in the drawing that the air path tapers from the feed 11 to the gas-air mixing chamber 15 so that the air speed increases here and thereby the mixing and cooling of the burner is improved.
  • baffle plates 17 are arranged in the path of the gases, which lead to the fact that solid particles are separated here.
  • a baffle plate 18 is also provided in the combustion chamber 8 and serves to separate dust particles.
  • the hot gases then flow through the exhaust stack 9 to the heat recovery system 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the ash chamber 6 above the actual combustion chamber 8 in an embodiment corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the ash chamber 6 is again provided below the combustion chamber 8, but the gas is now supplied via a Gas supply pipe 14 fed to the burner 19, this design showing the illustration in FIG. 6 on a larger scale.
  • FIG. 7 shows the design of the gas and air duct according to FIGS. 5 and 6, but in this representation the ash chamber 6 is provided above the combustion chamber 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP95114986A 1994-09-26 1995-09-22 Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides Expired - Lifetime EP0703408B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4434227 1994-09-26
DE4434227 1994-09-26
DE4435906 1994-10-07
DE4435906A DE4435906C5 (de) 1994-09-26 1994-10-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Feststoffen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703408A2 true EP0703408A2 (fr) 1996-03-27
EP0703408A3 EP0703408A3 (fr) 1997-01-15
EP0703408B1 EP0703408B1 (fr) 1998-12-09

Family

ID=25940474

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114986A Expired - Lifetime EP0703408B1 (fr) 1994-09-26 1995-09-22 Procédé et dispositif pour la gazéification de substances solides

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0703408B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE174417T1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155607A1 (fr) 1984-03-14 1985-09-25 Manfred Köpke Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3023421C2 (de) * 1980-06-23 1981-09-17 Josef 8399 Ruhstorf Probsteder Ofen für feste Abfallbrennstoffe
CH658464A5 (de) * 1983-06-03 1986-11-14 Orfa Ag Verfahren zur erzeugung schadstoffarmer brenn- bzw. abgase und einrichtung sowie pressling zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
DE4101704C1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1991-11-07 Arcus Recycling-Systeme Gmbh, 4452 Freren, De Gasifier heating boiler - has combustion chamber with oxygen feed nozzle assembly and burner with back=up
DE4206758A1 (de) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-09 Bernhard Bode Vergasungsreaktor zur erzeugung von brenngas aus vergasbaren organischen feststoffen in einem schacht mit feststoffschuettung und abwaerts gerichteter brenngasstroemung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155607A1 (fr) 1984-03-14 1985-09-25 Manfred Köpke Chaudière à gazéification de combustibles solides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE174417T1 (de) 1998-12-15
EP0703408B1 (fr) 1998-12-09
EP0703408A3 (fr) 1997-01-15

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