EP0167090A2 - Appareil excavateur à roues pour creuser des tranchées d'étanchéité - Google Patents
Appareil excavateur à roues pour creuser des tranchées d'étanchéité Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0167090A2 EP0167090A2 EP85107854A EP85107854A EP0167090A2 EP 0167090 A2 EP0167090 A2 EP 0167090A2 EP 85107854 A EP85107854 A EP 85107854A EP 85107854 A EP85107854 A EP 85107854A EP 0167090 A2 EP0167090 A2 EP 0167090A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- drive motor
- cutter according
- trench
- milling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/001—Drilling a non circular hole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
- E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
- E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
- E02F3/9212—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel
- E02F3/9225—Mechanical digging means, e.g. suction wheels, i.e. wheel with a suction inlet attached behind the wheel with rotating cutting elements
- E02F3/9237—Suction wheels with axis of rotation in transverse direction of the longitudinal axis of the suction pipe
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
Definitions
- the invention relates to a trench cutter for producing a trench wall in the ground, according to the preamble of the main claim.
- Trench wall milling machines are known in which a hydraulic motor and the gear units are arranged for driving the milling wheels within the hub of the milling wheels. Oil is supplied through holes in the holding frame for the milling wheels. With these trench wall cutters, it is disadvantageous that both the drive motor and the gear units must be accommodated within the cutting wheels, so that very little space is available which could be used to generate a high torque. A further disadvantage of these devices is that a certain part of the hydraulic oil always leaks out of the lines and is lost when the transmission is changed.
- the invention has for its object to provide a generic trench wall cutter, in which a particularly large torque is available at a given power of the drive motor on the cutting wheels and at the same time the cutting wheels have a very high effective milling width in relation to the entire slot width.
- this object is achieved in that the drive motor is fastened to the milling frame in each case, that the gear device which connects the drive motor and the cutting wheel gear is in each case at least partially arranged in recesses in the end shield and that the cutting gear is designed as a multi-stage planetary gear.
- the inventive arrangement of the drive motor on the milling frame makes it possible for the space available in the milling wheels to be used exclusively for generating a very high torque.
- the weight of the drive motor contributes to the generation of the high, required contact pressure, which is necessary for propelling the trench cutter in a hard floor.
- the high torque per cutting tooth and a high weight for the contact pressure can be achieved on the one hand, particularly in the case of concrete or rocky floors.
- a sufficient number of cutting teeth can be provided, which is necessary so that the milled material has a correspondingly small grain size, so that it is suitable for suction.
- the gear device which connects the drive motor to the milling gears, is at least partially arranged in recesses in the end shield. This makes it possible to transmit the torque from the drive motor to the cutting gear in an extremely space-saving manner.
- the initially low torque delivered by the gear mechanism is converted into a very high torque in the cutting wheel gear by reducing the speed (up to approx. 20 revolutions per minute) and at the same time increasing the effective lever arm.
- the cutting wheel gear is designed as a multi-stage planetary gear.
- the drive motor can be designed as an electric motor or as a hydraulic motor, and in both cases the milling drums can be replaced without having to open hydraulic lines.
- the gear device arranged between the drive motor and the milling gears can be designed as a bevel gear set with a transmission shaft.
- a constructive measure all that is required is that in the Bore plate is drilled, which may also have a small diameter, since the drive shaft is also dimensioned relatively small, since the input torque to be transmitted by the drive motor is small.
- the bevel gear it is also possible to transfer the input torque from the drive motor to the cutting gear via a chain transmission with a chain and two sprockets.
- the bearing plate can be made particularly thin in its vertically standing, flat section, with the result that the effective width of the cutting wheels can be very large in relation to the entire slot width .
- the end shield is also advantageously designed so that its lower edge ends at a distance above the lower edge of the cutting wheels.
- a drive motor and a gear device are provided separately for each cutter wheel gear.
- the sections of the gear mechanism extending beyond the end shield can be encapsulated with a housing, so that on the one hand the gear is protected against external influences and on the other hand the operating personnel cannot get into rotating parts.
- the gear devices arranged inside the end shield can advantageously also be arranged such that they run essentially V-shaped in the end shield plane and essentially parallel and at a distance from one another perpendicular to the end shield plane. This means that each milling gear can be supplied with the torque required to drive it separately.
- Each planetary gear of the two cutter wheels arranged parallel to the end shield is driven separately, but it is possible both in the case of the V-shaped arrangement of the gear devices and in the case of the vertical arrangement of a single bevel gear or chain gear to drive the two cutter wheels of a cutter wheel set together.
- the two cutting wheels of a cutting wheel set are driven via a single shaft, the cutting wheels rotating in the same direction.
- the trench wall cutter according to the invention has a tooth coupling, which is arranged between the drive motor and the transmission shaft of a bevel gear, and enables the milling drums to be changed quickly and easily.
- the inventive arrangement of the drive motor in the milling frame also makes it possible to use commercially available hydraulic or electric motors of an appropriate size, since there are no restrictions in terms of installation space.
- the trench wall cutter 1 consists essentially of a support frame 5 held by a support cable 3, to which a suction device with a pump 7 is attached.
- the drive motors 9 for the cutter wheels 11 are attached to the cutter frame 5.
- Two bearing plates 13, in which the milling wheels 11 are rotatably received, are also firmly connected to the milling frame 5.
- the trench wall cutter 1 is moved forward according to the arrow 15 shown.
- the diaphragm wall milling machine 1 shown only the front milling wheels 11 of the two milling wheels of the two milling wheel sets 10 arranged one behind the other can be seen in the front view shown.
- the rear milling wheels in each case, like the front milling wheels 11 shown, run parallel to the end shield 13.
- the two cutting wheel sets 10 rotate in opposite directions as indicated by the two arrows in FIG. 1 and thus feed the milled material to the suction device with pump 7.
- a shaft 17 of a bevel gear 19 leads vertically downward from the drive motor 9 arranged fixedly in the milling frame. From the bevel gear 19, the torque is transmitted, for example, to a sun gear shaft 21 by two planetary gears, which are each arranged within one of the cutting wheels 11.
- the arrow 15 in turn indicates the feed direction in which the trench cutter is moved forward in its work.
- Fig. 3 the arrangement according to the invention of F ig. 2 shown in side view.
- the symmetrical arrangement of the two milling wheels 11 with respect to the bearing plate 13 can be clearly seen.
- only a bevel gear 23 needs to be arranged on the sun gear shaft 21 in order to transmit the drive torque to the sun gear shaft 21 and thus to the planetary gears of the cutting wheels.
- the arrangement of the drive units according to the invention shown in the front and side views in FIGS. 4 and 5 essentially corresponds in structure to the arrangement shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- a chain gear 27 is provided instead of the bevel gear as a torque transmission device between the drive motor 9 and the sun gear shaft 21 of the planetary gear.
- the chain transmission 27 essentially consists of a chain wheel 29 fastened to the drive motor, a chain 31 and a chain wheel 33 arranged on the sun wheel shaft.
- the chain 31 connects the drive motor 9 and the sun --- wheel shaft 21 in the vertical direction and is protected on the one hand by the fact that it runs in a recess in the bearing plate 13 and on the other hand by the fact that it is encapsulated in the area between the drive motor 9 and the bearing plate 13, ie it is in this area with a housing 35 protected.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 The structure of the drive units according to the invention shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 essentially corresponds to the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- each milling wheel 11, 11 ' is driven separately by a drive motor 9, 9' via a bevel gear 37, 37 'and a sun gear shaft 41, 41' of a planetary gear.
- the drive shafts 39, 39 'of the bevel gear 37, 37' seen from the front in a V-shape between the drive motors 9,9 'and the output pinions of the bevel gear 37, 37' are arranged. Seen from the side, the two shafts 39, 39 'run essentially parallel and at a distance from the center plane of the end shield 13.
- the drive motor 9 ' , the shaft 39 ', the bevel gear 37' and the sun gear shaft 41 are shown in FIG 'drawn in the turned position.
- the shafts of the bevel gear transmissions shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and 6 and 7 can be embodied encapsulated in their section between the drive motors 9, 9 'and the end shield 13.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85107854T ATE36881T1 (de) | 1984-07-06 | 1985-06-25 | Schlitzwandfraese. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3424999A DE3424999C2 (de) | 1984-07-06 | 1984-07-06 | Schlitzwandfräse |
| DE3424999 | 1984-07-06 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0167090A2 true EP0167090A2 (fr) | 1986-01-08 |
| EP0167090A3 EP0167090A3 (en) | 1987-06-16 |
| EP0167090B1 EP0167090B1 (fr) | 1988-08-31 |
| EP0167090B2 EP0167090B2 (fr) | 1992-02-19 |
Family
ID=6240044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85107854A Expired - Lifetime EP0167090B2 (fr) | 1984-07-06 | 1985-06-25 | Appareil excavateur à roues pour creuser des tranchées d'étanchéité |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4694915A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0167090B2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH0699907B2 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE36881T1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3424999C2 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2578876A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-19 | Tone Boring Co | Excavatrice de tranchee |
| FR2593532A1 (fr) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-31 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Dispositif pour amenager une tranchee essentiellement verticale dans le sol. |
| EP0243608B1 (fr) * | 1986-04-10 | 1989-06-14 | Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann | Dispositif pour former une tranchée substantiellement verticale dans le sol |
| EP0819819A1 (fr) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-01-21 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH | Tête de fraisage, dispositif de forage et procédé de forage sous-marin |
| CN106638743A (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-10 | 天津市津勘岩土工程股份有限公司 | 双轮铣槽装置以及双轮铣槽机 |
Families Citing this family (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH672908A5 (fr) * | 1986-04-15 | 1990-01-15 | Bechem Hannelore | |
| FR2602530B1 (fr) * | 1986-08-07 | 1989-06-30 | Soletanche | Engin de fraisage pour creuser des tranchees dans le sol |
| JPH0523674Y2 (fr) * | 1987-07-15 | 1993-06-16 | ||
| DE3728866A1 (de) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-03-16 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau | Schlitzwandfraese |
| IL104820A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1995-11-27 | Lipsker Yitschaq | Excavating machinery |
| US5836089A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1998-11-17 | Lipsker; Yitshaq | Excavating equipment fitted with surface clamps |
| DE19652022C2 (de) * | 1996-12-13 | 2000-03-23 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau | Schlitzwandfräse |
| FR2806112B1 (fr) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-06-14 | Cie Du Sol | Appareil de forage en terrain dur |
| FR2806111B1 (fr) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-06-14 | Cie Du Sol | Appareil de forage en terrain dur |
| DE10308539B3 (de) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-06-03 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Fräsvorrichtung zum Fräsen von Schlitzen im Boden |
| DE10308538C5 (de) * | 2003-02-27 | 2014-11-06 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schlitzwand im Boden, Schlitzwandfräse und Schlitzwandfräsvorrichtung |
| FR2856088B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-09-09 | Cie Du Sol | Outil de fraisage pour la realisation de tranchees, permettant un changement rapide de la tete de coupe |
| FR2862336B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-18 | 2006-03-17 | Cie Du Sol | Machine de forage a outils rotatifs |
| EP1580327B1 (fr) | 2004-03-26 | 2008-05-21 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Appareil pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol |
| DE102005017093B4 (de) * | 2004-08-12 | 2008-07-24 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Fräse und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung des Erdbodens |
| KR100657897B1 (ko) * | 2004-08-21 | 2006-12-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전압 제어층을 포함하는 메모리 소자 |
| EP1640509B2 (fr) * | 2004-08-23 | 2014-03-05 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Procédé et appareil pour creuser des tranchées dans le sol |
| DE502004005969D1 (de) | 2004-08-23 | 2008-03-06 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Verfahren und Schlitzwandfräsvorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Schlitzwand im Boden |
| EP1632609B1 (fr) | 2004-09-01 | 2007-08-29 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Procédée de faire un rideau souterrain |
| ES2291788T3 (es) | 2004-09-03 | 2008-03-01 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Rueda de fresado para un muro pantalla. |
| EP1637794B1 (fr) * | 2004-09-16 | 2015-11-11 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Fraise pour parois moulées |
| US7510374B2 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2009-03-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Non-concentric rings for reduced turbo-machinery operating clearances |
| FR2914331B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-28 | 2009-07-03 | Cie Du Sol Soc Civ Ile | Tete de coupe pour une machine de decoupe du sol a fraises rotatives |
| ITTO20070241A1 (it) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-10-06 | Soilmec Spa | Pompa per idrofresa. |
| IT1400429B1 (it) | 2009-12-15 | 2013-05-31 | Soilmec Spa | Utensile per diaframmi sottili. |
| CN102587434B (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2014-11-12 | 牛伟民 | 改良的风动开槽钻头 |
| CN102979127B (zh) * | 2012-12-02 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江省建筑科学设计研究院有限公司 | 推拉旋转式成槽机 |
| CN103015476A (zh) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-03 | 张永忠 | 四驱偏心造墙机 |
| CN105113986B (zh) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-06-01 | 中车建设工程有限公司 | 一种方形桩成孔设备 |
| CN105544514A (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 卢兴耐 | 楔形插口桩钻搅机 |
| CN105864388B (zh) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-02-16 | 四川省机械研究设计院 | 地下连续墙施工用双轮铣槽机的铣轮传动系统 |
| CN106522297B (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | 一种双轮铣槽机传动箱 |
| EP3556942B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-04-29 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Foreuse pour faire une mur de diaphragma et procedé pour faire une mur de diaphragma |
| DE202019100319U1 (de) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-04-22 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Schlitzwandfräse |
| DE102022126637A1 (de) * | 2022-10-13 | 2024-04-18 | Kemroc Holding Gmbh | Anbaufräseinheit mit zueinander winklig stehenden Querschneidköpfen und Abtriebszahnrädern mit Belevoid-Verzahnung |
| EP4455407A1 (fr) | 2023-04-26 | 2024-10-30 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Dispositif d'excavation pour la construction de diaphragmes et procédé de réalisation d'une fouille de fondation |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE288984C (de) * | 1915-05-01 | 1915-11-30 | Walter Prager | Schrämmaschine mit zwei rotierenden scheiben |
| US1574040A (en) * | 1924-11-13 | 1926-02-23 | Alfred W Lasher | Drill |
| US2561343A (en) * | 1948-08-05 | 1951-07-24 | Muryl G Crossley | Grave digger |
| US2950902A (en) * | 1956-08-21 | 1960-08-30 | Howard V Olds | Earth digging apparatus |
| DE1142815B (de) * | 1961-02-03 | 1963-01-31 | Korfmann Gmbh Maschf | Verfahren und Bohrmaschine zum Erweitern von Grossbohrloechern fuer Rolloecher und Blindschaechte im Bergbau |
| US3190376A (en) * | 1962-01-30 | 1965-06-22 | Eugene A Christensen | Boring head |
| DE1634262B1 (de) * | 1966-04-09 | 1970-09-24 | Bade & Co Gmbh | Fraeswerkzeug zum Herstellen von Schlitzen fuer Schlitzwaende |
| JPS495402B1 (fr) * | 1969-12-13 | 1974-02-07 | ||
| ES420924A1 (es) * | 1972-12-14 | 1976-04-01 | Hydrosol | Dispositivo de perforacion. |
| FR2211027A5 (fr) * | 1972-12-14 | 1974-07-12 | Soletanche | |
| DE3007457C2 (de) * | 1980-02-28 | 1988-06-16 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Schaufelradantrieb |
-
1984
- 1984-07-06 DE DE3424999A patent/DE3424999C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1985
- 1985-06-25 EP EP85107854A patent/EP0167090B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-06-25 AT AT85107854T patent/ATE36881T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-06-25 DE DE8585107854T patent/DE3564715D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-07-05 JP JP60148152A patent/JPH0699907B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1986
- 1986-06-12 US US06/849,449 patent/US4694915A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2578876A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-19 | Tone Boring Co | Excavatrice de tranchee |
| FR2593532A1 (fr) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-31 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Dispositif pour amenager une tranchee essentiellement verticale dans le sol. |
| EP0243608B1 (fr) * | 1986-04-10 | 1989-06-14 | Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann | Dispositif pour former une tranchée substantiellement verticale dans le sol |
| EP0819819A1 (fr) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-01-21 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH | Tête de fraisage, dispositif de forage et procédé de forage sous-marin |
| CN106638743A (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-10 | 天津市津勘岩土工程股份有限公司 | 双轮铣槽装置以及双轮铣槽机 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0167090A3 (en) | 1987-06-16 |
| DE3424999C2 (de) | 1994-01-13 |
| US4694915A (en) | 1987-09-22 |
| JPH0699907B2 (ja) | 1994-12-07 |
| JPS6136429A (ja) | 1986-02-21 |
| EP0167090B1 (fr) | 1988-08-31 |
| EP0167090B2 (fr) | 1992-02-19 |
| DE3424999A1 (de) | 1986-01-16 |
| ATE36881T1 (de) | 1988-09-15 |
| DE3564715D1 (en) | 1988-10-06 |
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