Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
  • C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
  • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
  • Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing

Definitions

• aqueous treatment agents for the treatment of solid surfaces e.g. fibers, textiles, metals, ceramics or glass are strongly acidic or alkaline.
• Technical treatment agents of this type e.g. Bleaches, mercerizing liquors, boiling, cleaning and degreasing agents, descaling, etching, pickling and rust removal agents require the addition of wetting agents in order to achieve faster and more intimate contact between the treatment agent and the solid surface.
• wetting agents that are suitable for such acidic and alkaline, technical treatment agents must have good water solubility, even in acidic and alkaline medium, and must be largely stable against hydrolysis in these media. Since the technical treatment methods mentioned are often associated with strong mechanical movement, undesirable foaming easily occurs. Suitable wetting agents must therefore be very low-foaming. If this is not the case, the use of anti-foaming agents is necessary. However, the use of anti-foaming agents is not only associated with costs, but often has undesirable side effects, e.g. an uneven treatment of the surface or the formation of hydrophobic residues on the treated surface.
• technical wetting agents should be environmentally friendly, that is, in particular, readily biodegradable and non-toxic to aquatic organisms.
• wetting agents are characterized by very good water solubility, even in the presence of high concentrations of dissolved electrolytes, especially in the presence of acids and alkalis.
• the invention therefore relates to the use of these ether sulfonates as wetting agents, especially in strongly acidic and strongly alkaline technical treatment solutions, especially in solutions which have a pH below 3 or above 10.
• the ether sulfonates to be used according to the invention can be prepared by using an olefinically unsaturated fatty alkyl lower alkyl ether or an olefinically unsaturated fatty alkyl (polyoxyalkyl) lower alkyl ether of the general formula II in which R 1 , n and x have the abovementioned meaning and R 3 represents a mono- or di-unsaturated linear alkenyl group with 6-22 C atoms, reacted with sulfur trioxide, the reaction product in the aqueous solution of 1-1.2 moles of an alkali metal hydroxide per mole of S0 3 added and the solution formed until hydrolysis Sultons warmed up.
• sultones are formed in addition to unsaturated ether sulfonic acids.
• the ether sulfonates to be used according to the invention are therefore preferably mixtures of compounds of the formula I in which R 2 is alkenylene, hydroxyalkylene and hydroxyalkenylene groups.
• the starting products of formula II are accessible by methods known from the literature. Their production is based on unsaturated alcohols of the formula R 3 -OH. If X is a number from 1-30, these are reacted according to the process known from the literature with X mol of an alkylene oxide of the formula C n H 2n o, for example with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or mixtures of these alkylene oxides. Mixtures of homologous oxalkylates are obtained, the average degree of oxalkylation corresponding to the amount of alkylene oxide added. The etherification of the terminal hydroxyl group of the unsaturated alcohols and / or their oxalkylates is carried out by methods which are also known from the literature.
• the alcohol or the oxalkylate is converted into the alcoholate with an alkali metal and this is converted with an alkyl halide, for example with an alkyl chloride of the formula R 1- Cl, is implemented.
• Another method is to react the alcohol or the oxalkylate with an alkyl halide in the presence of a finely powdered alkali metal hydroxide at an elevated temperature.
• the unsaturated alcohol R 3 -OH used is preferably an unsaturated fatty alcohol with 16-22 carbon atoms, ie an alcohol from the group palmitole alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, eruca alcohol or a mixture of such alcohols, for example a technical fatty alcohol cut consisting predominantly of such alcohols .
• Technical cetyl-oleyl and oleyl-linoleyl alcohol cuts with an iodine number in the range of 70-130 are preferably used,
• Preferred wetting agents of the general formula I are obtained by addition of 3-10 mol of ethylene oxide onto these alcohols, etherification with alkyl halide, for example R 1 Cl, and sulfonation with SO 3 .
• alkyl halide for example R 1 Cl
• SO 3 sulfonation with SO 3 .
• the wetting agents used according to the invention are distinguished by a particularly low foaming power. This is of particular advantage in strongly alkaline treatment agents, for example in alkaline cold bleaching liquors, hot bleaching liquors, mercerizing liquors, alkaline boiling and degreasing agents, since such alkaline treatment agents have a particular tendency to form foam.
• the cause of the foam formation can either be the use of a foaming wetting agent or the formation of highly foaming hydrolysis products under the conditions of the surface treatment, for example the formation of soaps from hydrolyzed fats or of foaming protein breakdown products from protein compounds.
• alkaline treatment agents are e.g. Mercerizing liquors, alkaline decoction solutions, alkaline degreasing agents and alkaline bleaching baths.
• ether sulfonates as low-foaming wetting agents in aqueous alkaline bleaching liquors is particularly interesting. These contain hydrogen peroxide or compounds which form hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution as a bleaching agent.
• the pH of the bleaching baths is adjusted to 10-14 with strong bases, for example with NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 and / or water glass.
• strong bases for example with NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 and / or water glass.
• anionic and nonionic wetting agents which are stable and effective in this medium, tend to produce a lot of foam in the high-speed apparatus. For this reason, the use of foam damping agents, for example of the silicone oil type, is common.
• a preferred object of the invention is therefore the use of the ether sulfonates of the general formula I in aqueous cold bleaching solutions containing 0.3-3% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, 0.05-1 mol / l of a strong base from the group of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate , Potassium carbonate, sodium silicate and / or potassium silicate as low-foaming wetting agent, preferably in an amount of 0.05-1% by weight of the bleaching solution.
• Such bleaching solutions are used at temperatures of 10-142 ° C, but preferably at a temperature of about 20 ° C (cold bleaching).
• an ether sulfonate was prepared starting from the n-butyl ether of an adduct of 5 mol of ethylene oxide with a cetyl / oleyl alcohol of iodine number 52 (HD-Ocenol (R) 50/55).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

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Publications (3)

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• 1984
  • 1984-09-13 DE DE19843433593 patent/DE3433593A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1985
  • 1985-09-05 AT AT85111229T patent/ATE42331T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1985-09-05 EP EP85111229A patent/EP0174610B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1985-09-05 US US06/772,827 patent/US4612142A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-09-05 DE DE8585111229T patent/DE3569569D1/de not_active Expired

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