EP0193074B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des articles de brosserie - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des articles de brosserie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193074B1
EP0193074B1 EP86102028A EP86102028A EP0193074B1 EP 0193074 B1 EP0193074 B1 EP 0193074B1 EP 86102028 A EP86102028 A EP 86102028A EP 86102028 A EP86102028 A EP 86102028A EP 0193074 B1 EP0193074 B1 EP 0193074B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross
bristle
section
strand
continuous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86102028A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0193074A2 (fr
EP0193074A3 (en
Inventor
Georg Weihrauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Coronet Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Coronet Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coronet Werke GmbH filed Critical Coronet Werke GmbH
Priority to AT86102028T priority Critical patent/ATE48516T1/de
Publication of EP0193074A2 publication Critical patent/EP0193074A2/fr
Publication of EP0193074A3 publication Critical patent/EP0193074A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0193074B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193074B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
    • A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/08—Preparing uniform tufts of bristles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
    • A46D3/08—Parts of brush-making machines
    • A46D3/082—Magazines for bristles; Feeding bristles to magazines; Knot picking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of bristle goods, such as brushes, brushes, brooms or the like, consisting of a bristle carrier and bundles of bristles attached thereto, by pulling plastic bristles combined into an endless strand from a supply spool, bringing them up to the bristle carrier, securing them to length and length get cut.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • bristle articles Since the endless strand has an approximately round to flat-oval cross-section due to production, only those bristle articles can be produced in which bristle bundles with a corresponding cross-section are desired or can be accepted, which is the case with the majority of bristle articles. In certain cases, however, bristle bundles with others, e.g. B. prismatic cross-section, required or at least desirable, which applies for example to brushes. In addition, there are bristle products in which bristle bundles of a different cross-sectional shape and different cross-sectional area would also be advantageous, but so far such bristle bundles have not been used due to the lack of rational production methods.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a device for producing bristle products with the aid of which bristle bundles of any cross section can be produced and these can be processed into bristle products with any bristle fields.
  • this object is achieved in that the endless strand is deformed when it is brought up to the bristle carrier by pressure acting laterally on its entire circumference to a cross-section deviating from the original shape, and after the desired cross-sectional shape has been reached on the Bristle holder is attached.
  • the invention first makes use of the advantages of processing the endless strand, which have been recognized but have not yet been implemented in practice and opens up the possibility of converting the endless strand into any cross-sectional shape by reshaping the endless strand by means of lateral pressure, and of this endless strand while maintaining the to give him the cross-sectional shape to attach the bristles to the bristle carrier. It is therefore no longer necessary to first produce the cut material when processing the bristle material and then to cut the cut bristles from one from this cut material by means of suitable receiving devices (e.g. DE-PS 23 35 468, DE-AS 26 46 048) cut out the larger magazine and bring it to the bristle holder.
  • suitable receiving devices e.g. DE-PS 23 35 468, DE-AS 26 46 048
  • the invention works from the endless strand via a forming process, as is used similarly when profiling other endless material.
  • the pressure acting laterally on the entire circumference of the endless strand must be obtained in this way. be that the individual monofilaments within the strand are displaced and rearranged so that the desired cross-section is finally established and this is maintained up to the point of attachment.
  • the pressure acting laterally on the endless strand is lower in the area in front of the fastening point than in the area in front.
  • the strand is therefore initially subjected to a pressure necessary for its forming and this is then reduced after the desired cross section has been reached, so that the individual bristles within the strand again have a certain freedom of movement.
  • This ensures that the bristles spread slightly at the leading end of the strand, which, after the bristles have been fastened to the bristle carrier, means that there are small gaps between the individual bristles in the region of the bristle carrier. This is in.
  • Individual case e.g. B. with application devices such as brushes, painter's brushes, etc. desired in order to store the application medium within the device between the bristles and to be able to release it successively.
  • a plurality of endless strands are brought together and shaped together to any cross section by lateral pressure.
  • the invention provides in particular the possibility of reshaping the endless strands into prismatic cross sections, which are particularly favorable, even a requirement, especially when the bristle carrier is covered over the entire surface.
  • the number of endless strands and their cross-sectional shape can be selected such that the bristle carrier is completely covered with the distance between the mutually facing sides of the bristle bundles that is largely constant on the fastening surface.
  • areas of any size can be covered with bristles over their entire area, only narrow channels being present between the individual bristle bundles. In the case of application devices, these in turn can be used to hold the application medium in the device.
  • the method according to the invention with the features described above has the advantage that the packing density of the bristles can be varied by the lateral pressure during the shaping or afterwards, which is the case with the known cutting out of bristle bundles or packages of any cross-section from material recorded with magazines (DE- PS 2 335 468, DE-AS 2 646 048) is not possible.
  • a lateral pressure of the cut-out mold achieved primarily by wedging, must be exerted on the bristles, which then remains in the cut-out mold until the bristles are attached to the bristle holder.
  • the method according to the invention has the great advantage that even very thin bristles could be processed properly, which is not possible when cutting out magazines with cut material, since such bristles easily deflect, kink and ultimately also deform permanently. This applies especially to the production of brushes, toothbrushes, etc.
  • the invention is based on a known device (DE-OS 2 847 781, 2849510) with at least one supply spool which receives at least one bristle endless strand, a take-off device for the endless strand, a cutting device, a holding device for the bristle holder and a device for attaching the bristles to the bristle carrier.
  • a known device DE-OS 2 847 781, 2849510
  • such a device is characterized in that a mold with at least one channel leading the endless strand, the cross-section of which deviates from the original cross-sectional shape corresponds to the desired cross-section of the bristle bundle and the cross-sectional area of which corresponds approximately to that of the endless strand, is arranged in front of the device for fastening the bristles is.
  • the endless strand is withdrawn from the spool and passed through the molding tool, in which the endless strand is brought from its original round cross-section into the desired cross-sectional shape.
  • the cross-sectional area remains approximately the same, so that the bristles in the molding tool are only displaced and displaced relative to one another, but an excessive tensile stress is not built up due to excessive lateral pressure.
  • the endless strand is then brought up to the device for fastening the bristles to the bristle carrier and, after fastening, cut to length by welding, gluing, and injection by means of the cutting device.
  • the molding tool has a plurality of guide channels arranged next to one another at a small distance, each for one of a plurality of endless strands. In this way, all or large parts of a cutlery area on the bristle carrier can be simultaneously occupied with bristle bundles of any cross-section.
  • the distance between the individual guide channels is selected in accordance with the requirements for the property of the bristle product to be produced.
  • each guide channel on the entry side of the endless strand has a round cross-section, the cross-sectional area of which is at least as large as that of the unshaped endless strand, and when the round cross section gradually changes into the final cross section.
  • the introduction of the leading end of the endless strand is facilitated during commissioning and, at the same time, the greatest possible force-free transformation from the original into the desired cross section is achieved.
  • the cross section of the guide channels on the exit side of the endless strands is somewhat enlarged.
  • the partition walls arranged between the guide channels taper to pointed edges on the outlet side of the endless strands. This ensures that the bristles spread apart at the leading end of the endless strands and the bristles of adjacent strands are brought together even when several endless strands are fed. This effect can also be favorably influenced by the fact that the partition walls arranged between the guide channels end at a distance from the end face of the molding tool on the outlet side.
  • adjacent guide channels or adjacent rows of guide channels diverge at a small angle towards the exit side.
  • the endless strands are moved slightly apart in the direction of the bristle carrier arranged behind the molding tool, this being possible for each individual bristle bundle or for entire rows of bristle bundles or bristle fields at the same or different angles.
  • the bristles After the bristles have been attached to the bristle carrier, the bristles are inclined toward one another towards the free end, which in turn is particularly desirable in application devices. As a result, a bristle closure is obtained at the free ends, which prevents the application medium from escaping freely, so that it only emerges under the application pressure and the application movement.
  • the device shown schematically in Fig. 1 has a plurality of coils 1, which are mounted in a frame, not shown. Each coil receives at least one endless strand 2 made of bristle material.
  • an unwinding device (not shown) is provided, by means of which the endless strands 2 are fed to a molding tool, which is denoted overall by 3.
  • the device has a device 4 for holding a bristle holder and a cutting device 6, by means of which the endless strands 2 passed through the molding tool 3 are cut to size as desired after the attachment of their leading ends to the bristle holder 5.
  • a device 7 for attaching the bristle bundle or the leading ends of the endless strands 2 to the bristle carrier 5 is also indicated schematically.
  • This fastening device can, for example, be a welding device by means of which both the leading ends of the endless strands 2 and the bristle carrier 5 made of plastic are melted and after their removal the bristle carrier 5 is brought to the melted bristle ends by means of the holding device 4. After the melt has cooled sufficiently, the holder 4 with the bristle carrier 5 and the welded-on endless strands can be pulled further by a bristle length, then the cutting device 6 can be activated and a bristle carrier can be fed again.
  • the originally round or flat oval continuous strands 2 are shaped by pressure acting laterally over the entire circumference.
  • the molding tool 3 has a preferably conical, circular inlet section 8 which tapers downwards and whose cross-sectional shape changes at the same time in the transition region 9 and finally merges into a guide channel 10 which is rectangular in the cross-sectional plane 11, e.g. B. quadra table is formed.
  • the endless strand 2 is formed into a rectangular, in particular square cross-section 12 as it passes through the molding tool 3, so that square bristle bundles are obtained with this molding tool.
  • any other prismatic cross-sectional shape can of course be produced.
  • the molding tool 3 shows a molding tool 3 with a multiplicity of guide channels 10, the conical inlet area not being shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the partition walls 13 taper to a point in the region 15 on the outlet-side end face 14.
  • the guide channels 10, as shown in FIG. 5 are arranged side by side in two rows. The ends of the endless strands emerging from the molding tool 3 can, as has already been described with reference to FIG. 1, be connected to one another and to the bristle carrier by melting.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from that according to FIGS. 4 and 5 in that the partitions 13 end at a distance in front of the outlet-side end face 14 of the molding tool 3; this further supports the fanning out of the leading ends of the bristles within the endless strands.
  • the partition walls 13 between adjacent rows of guide channels 10 have a wall thickness that increases towards the outlet-side end face 14. As a result, the guide channels 10 diverge in the direction of the end face 14, so that the endless strands formed in the two rows of the guide channels 10 emerge at an angle to one another.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically the cutlery area of a brush 17. It consists of two rows of rectangular bundles 18 arranged at a distance from one another, the bundles also being at a short distance from one another. In this way, a central chamber 19 and a plurality of narrow chambers 20 are formed, which in turn the application medium, for. B. the color, hold back. If necessary, the bristle bundles 18 can deviate slightly from the rectangular shape, so that the chambers 20 formed between them have an increasing cross-section from the outside inwards. In addition, the trim can be designed so that the chambers are closed on the outer outline. In the area of the narrow sides of the brush 17, either a larger rectangular bundle or, as shown in the drawing, several bundles 21 of triangular cross section can be provided.
  • Fig. 9 shows the cutlery area of a brush or a brush for applying media, which are housed in a container.
  • the bristle carrier 23 has, for example, a hole or channel 24.
  • bristle bundles 25 are provided, the bristle bundles 26 arranged in the corners having a somewhat modified cross section in that the corners are rounded.
  • FIG. 10 shows a modified cutlery field for a brush, in which the round endless strands have been formed into bristle bundles 27, 28 and 29 which form a largely closed outside of the bristle field.
  • the bristle field is fully occupied.
  • the special peculiarity is that the bristle bundles 27, 28, 29 have the same cross-sectional area despite the different cross-sectional shape.
  • a series of bristle bundles 31 with a square cross section and a row with bristle bundles 32 with a round cross section are arranged on the bristle carrier 30 in the central region, each with an endless strand round cross section have been obtained.
  • continuous strands that have not been formed can be used for the bristle bundles 32.
  • the three rows of bristle bundles 31 and 32 are surrounded on the outside by bristle bundles 33 with an elongated, rounded cross section, which have been produced, for example, from three endless strands by merging and correspondingly reshaping them.
  • the various cross-sectional shapes can be selected as they are particularly desirable for the use of the respective device, for example a relatively rigid design of the bristle bundles in the middle and a soft design in the outer area or vice versa.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Procédé pour fabriquer des articles de brosserie tels que pinceaux, brosses, balais ou analogues, composés d'un support de poils et de faisceaux de poils qui y sont fixés, dans lequel des poils en matière plastique réunis en un cordon continu sont extraits d'une bobine d'alimentation, amenés au support de poils, fixés à celui-ci et coupés à longueur, caractérisé en ce que le cordon continu est déformé lors de son amenée au support de poils, par une pression latérale s'exerçant sur tout son périmètre, à une section différente de la forme de section initiale et fixé au ou dans le support de poils après que la forme de section souhaitée est atteinte.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pression s'exerçant latéralement sur le cordon continu est plus faible dans la région précédant le point de fixation que dans la région qui précède.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel plusieurs cordons continus placés sur des bobines respectives en correspondance du nombre des faisceaux de poils à fixer au support de poils sont amenés au support de poils, caractérisé en ce que les cordons continus sont déformés à des sections différant entre elles.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les cordons continus sont déformés à des sections différant entre elles et ayant la même surface de section.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs cordons continus sont réunis et déformés ensemble par une pression latérale en un cordon unique de section quelconque.
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les cordons continus sont déformés à des sections prismatiques.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de cordons continus et leur forme de section sont choisis de façon à garnir de poils le support de poils sur toute la surface de sa face de garnissage.
8. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant au moins une bobine d'alimentation recevant au moins un cordon continu de poils, des moyens d'extraction pour le cordon continu, des moyens de coupe, des moyens pour tenir le support de poils et des moyens pour fixer les poils au support de poils, caractérisé en ce qu'avant les moyens (7) pour fixer les poils est disposé un outil de formage (3) comportant au moins un canal (10) de guidage du cordon continu (2), dont la section, qui diffère de la forme de section initiale, correspond à la section souhaitée du faisceau de poils (12) et dont la surface de section correspond à peu près à celle du cordon continu.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de formage (3) comporte plusieurs canaux de guidage (10) disposés à faible distance les uns à côté des autres et destinés chacun à un parmi une multiplicité de cordons sans fin (2).
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque canal de guidage (10) présente, sur la face d'entrée du cordon continu (2), une section circulaire (8), dont la surface de section est au moins égale à celle du cordon continu (2) non déformé, et en ce que la section circulaire se transforme progressivement en la section finale (12).
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la section (11) des canaux de guidage (10) est quelque peu agrandie sur la face de sortie (14) de l'outil de formage (3).
12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les parois de séparation (13) disposées entre plusieurs canaux de guidage (10) aboutissent à des arêtes aiguës (15) sur la face de sortie (14) de l'outil de formage (3).
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les parois de séparation (13) disposées entre les canaux de guidage (10) se terminent à distance de la face frontale (14) de l'outil de formage (3) située du côté de la sortie.
14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que des canaux de guidage (10) voisins ou des rangées voisines de canaux de guidage (10) divergent d'un petit angle en direction de la face de sortie (14) de l'outil de formage (3).
EP86102028A 1985-02-21 1986-02-18 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des articles de brosserie Expired EP0193074B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86102028T ATE48516T1 (de) 1985-02-21 1986-02-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von borstenwaren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853505972 DE3505972A1 (de) 1985-02-21 1985-02-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von borstenwaren
DE3505972 1985-02-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193074A2 EP0193074A2 (fr) 1986-09-03
EP0193074A3 EP0193074A3 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0193074B1 true EP0193074B1 (fr) 1989-12-13

Family

ID=6263115

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86102028A Expired EP0193074B1 (fr) 1985-02-21 1986-02-18 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer des articles de brosserie

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4749233A (fr)
EP (1) EP0193074B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2513621B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE48516T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3505972A1 (fr)
ES (2) ES8704341A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO860620L (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2886010A1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 Ranir GmbH Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de compartiments de soies

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DK148073C (da) * 1982-06-22 1985-09-30 Svensk Eldental Aktiebolaget Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af et boerstehoved, fortrinsvis til tandbehandling
DE3643202C1 (de) * 1986-12-18 1988-03-24 Schlerf Coronet Werke Verfahren zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren
JPS6461554A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-08 Kuraray Co Apparatus for molding fiber bundle
DE3820372C2 (de) * 1988-06-15 1997-07-24 Coronet Werke Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren
DE3833428C1 (fr) * 1988-10-01 1990-02-22 Blendax Gmbh, 6500 Mainz, De
US4884849A (en) * 1988-12-12 1989-12-05 Better Health Concepts Co Inc. Apparatus for manufacture of end brush
US5165758A (en) * 1991-08-07 1992-11-24 Technetics Corporation Place and bundle method for the manufacture of brush seals
US5165761A (en) * 1991-12-30 1992-11-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of making improved toothbrush having multi-level tufts with substantially uniformly rounded bristle ends in each tuft
US5224763A (en) 1991-12-30 1993-07-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of fastening bristle tufts to bristle carrier
DE4314692C2 (de) * 1993-05-04 1998-11-26 Zahoransky Anton Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Bürsten
GB2287901B (en) * 1994-03-29 1998-05-06 Boucherie Nv G B A brush making machine
ATE207321T1 (de) 1994-12-01 2001-11-15 Procter & Gamble Zahnbürste mit verlängerten borsten
DE29515391U1 (de) * 1995-09-15 1996-02-29 Hoeft, Bernd, Dipl.-Ing., 12555 Berlin Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren
US6886207B1 (en) 1999-06-14 2005-05-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Toothbrush
DE19748925C2 (de) * 1997-10-30 1999-01-07 Stiawa Paul Dipl Oec Ing Verfahren zum Abschneiden von Borstenfeldern bei der Herstellung von Bürstenerzeugnissen aus Kunststoff und Vorrichtung dafür
ES2177106T3 (es) 1997-10-30 2002-12-01 Schlesinger Maschb Gmbh Procedimiento y dispositivo para la fabricacion de productos de cerdas.
DE19909435A1 (de) 1999-03-04 2000-09-07 Coronet Werke Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren und danach hergestellte Borstenwaren
US6485105B1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2002-11-26 Moll Industries, Inc. Method of bristle insertion for brush production
US20030094848A1 (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-22 Chih-Yuan Shia Fused filament tuft and fused brush strip
WO2004093719A2 (fr) 2003-04-23 2004-11-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Brosses a dents electriques
US7677675B2 (en) * 2005-10-24 2010-03-16 United Rotary Brush Corporation Method and apparatus for making brushes
US8308246B2 (en) * 2010-03-19 2012-11-13 Chung Tae Sang Method for manufacturing toothbrush and toothbrush manufactured by the method
DE102010015118A1 (de) 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Zahoransky Ag Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Borstenfeldern für Bürsten
DE102011122106A1 (de) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Carl Freudenberg Kg Besenblock mit Borstenstruktur
EP3964101A1 (fr) * 2014-10-23 2022-03-09 Colgate-Palmolive Company Instrument d´hygiène buccale
EP3138437B1 (fr) 2015-09-03 2021-11-10 Braun GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'une brosse

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US2035709A (en) * 1932-07-08 1936-03-31 Laub Tooth brush and manufacture thereof
FR1206765A (fr) * 1957-05-11 1960-02-11 Dispositif utilisable pour la fabrication de brosses, de balais et de pinceaux
US3311416A (en) * 1964-02-28 1967-03-28 Zahoransky Heinz Brush making machine
BE677121A (fr) * 1965-03-05 1966-08-29
CH546550A (de) * 1971-10-20 1974-03-15 Blankschein Werner Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von haar- oder borstenbuendeln aus einem haar- oder borstenbund.
JPS5424349B2 (fr) * 1973-06-11 1979-08-20
JPS50152560A (fr) * 1974-05-27 1975-12-08
US4132449A (en) * 1977-08-26 1979-01-02 Blair Tool & Machine Corporation Method and apparatus for mounting bristles on brush backs
DE8403491U1 (de) * 1984-02-07 1984-05-03 Blendax-Werke R. Schneider Gmbh & Co, 6500 Mainz Zahnbuerste

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2886010A1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 Ranir GmbH Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de compartiments de soies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4749233A (en) 1988-06-07
ES556982A0 (es) 1987-08-01
EP0193074A2 (fr) 1986-09-03
ES552217A0 (es) 1987-04-01
JPS61240911A (ja) 1986-10-27
EP0193074A3 (en) 1987-11-04
ATE48516T1 (de) 1989-12-15
DE3505972A1 (de) 1986-08-21
JP2513621B2 (ja) 1996-07-03
ES8707420A1 (es) 1987-08-01
DE3667385D1 (de) 1990-01-18
NO860620L (no) 1986-08-22
ES8704341A1 (es) 1987-04-01

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