Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A42—HEADWEAR
  • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
  • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
  • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
  • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H1/435—Polyesters

Definitions

• This invention relates to a protective material.
• glassfiber reinforced plastics and composite materials have been used for the purpose of decreasing the weight.
• density of glassfiber itself is about 2.5 g/cc which is large as compared with that of high polymer of matrix.
• content of the glass fiber is about 30 - 70% by weight, it is not sufficient for the purpose of decreas­ing the weight.
• the purpose of this invention is to provide protective material excellent in the abrasion resistance, impact strength and cutting resistance. Further, this invention provides a protective material characterized by using fiber which is obtained by melt-spinning an aromatic polyester exhibiting anisotropy in its molten state.
• the polyester which exhibits anisotropy in its molten state referred to in this invention means one which has a property of allowing the transmission of light at a temperature region in which it is flowable when the powder sample of the polyester is placed on a heating sample stage positioned between two polarizing plates crossed at an angle of 90° and the temperature of the sample is increased.
• Such polyesters are those formed of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic diols and/or aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid, and the derivatives thereof, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Kokoku (Post-Exam. Publn.) Nos. l80l6/8l and 20008/80, and optionally include copolymers of these with alicyclic dicarboxylic acids, alicyclic diols, aliphatic diols, and the derivatives thereof.
• aromatic dicarboxylic acids examples include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 4,4'-­dicarboxydiphenyl, 2,6-dicarboxynaphthalene, l,2-bis(4-­carboxyphenoxy)ethane, and the nuclear-substituted products thereof with an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or halogen group.
• aromatic diols examples include hydroquinone, resorcin, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl-­methane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylethane, 2,2-bis(4-­hydroxyphenyl)propane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, l,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, and the nuclear-substituted products thereof with an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and halogen group.
• aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids examples include p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-6-carboxylic acid, l-hydroxy­naphthalene-5-carboxylic acid, and the nuclear-substituted products thereof with an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and halogen group.
• alicyclic dicarboxylic acids include trans-l,4-dicarboxycyclohexane, cis-l,4-­dicarboxycyclohexane and the substituted products thereof with an alkyl, aryl, and halogen group.
• Examples of the alicyclic and aliphatic diols include trans-l,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, cis-l,4-di­hydroxycyclohexane, ethylene glycol, l,4-butanediol, and xylylene diol.
• polyesters to be used in this invention are subjected to polycondensation as they are or after esterified by an aliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid or the derivative thereof, or an aliphatic alcohol, a phenol, or the derivative thereof.
• the polycondensation can be carried out by using a known method including mass polymerization, solution polymerization and suspension polymerization. It may be conducted at l50 to 360°C under normal pressure or a reduced pressure of l0 to 0.l Torr optionally in the presence of polymerization catalyst such as a Sb, Ti and Ge compound, a stabilizer such as a phosphorus compound, and fillers such as TiO2, CaCO3, and talc, added thereto.
• polymerization catalyst such as a Sb, Ti and Ge compound, a stabilizer such as a phosphorus compound, and fillers such as TiO2, CaCO3, and talc, added thereto.
• the polymer thus obtained is heat-­treated, as it is or in a pulverized form, in an inert gas or under reduced pressure to give a sample material for spinning. It can also be used after once granulated through an extruder.
• the spinning temperature is usually 280°C - 420°C, preferably, 300 - 400°C. If the temperature is lower than the scope, load on the apparatus becomes too much and uniformity of the molten material is not sufficient.
• the fibers obtained by melt spinning as mentioned above are then taken up or drawn down, as they are or after adhereing a textile oil and a treating agent thereto.
• the obtained fiber can be used, as it is, and further, stretching, and heat treatment or combination of them may optionally applied.
• the protective material of this invention is constituted of structural material comprising aromatic polyester fiber obtained as mentioned above.
• shape of the structural material net structure is preferable.
• the net structure there are woven fabric cloth, knitting goods, net cloth, nonwoven cloth and fiber-reinforced composite materials of multi-­layer structure, each layer of which is constituted of fibers directed to one direction or directed to multi-­direction.
• the woven fabric cloth may be of any of various patterns such as plain fabric, twill, satin etc., and it is preferable to change density of fabric depending on its use.
• the fiber used for fabric may be sized in advance. It may be also admitted to change handling, color and the like by covering with other thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
• nonwoven fabric there are a sheet made of short fiber which is obtained by piling up card webs, blowing the fiber on a drum or scooping up the fiber floating in water by using a net and a sheet which is obtained by piling up looped filaments.
• the fiber reinforced composite material having multilayer structure in which comprises fibers directed to one direction may be produced, for example, by winding continuously fibers containing resin on a mandrel to form a sheet and by curing combined sheets obtained as above.
• the reinforced composite material with fiber of multidirection is produced, for example, by impregnating resin into a material having net structure such as fabric, knitted good, net cloth and the like or combination of them.
• the resins to be impregnated are, for example, thermosetting resins such as epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, phenol resin, polyurethan, silicon resin, rubber and others, and thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polyether, poly­sulphone, polyether ketone, and various elastomers.
• thermosetting resins such as epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, phenol resin, polyurethan, silicon resin, rubber and others
• thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polyether, poly­sulphone, polyether ketone, and various elastomers.
• resin solution molten material, film and the like of the resin.
• the protective material of this invention can be produced.
• the protective material of this invention is very light and is excellent is fundamental properties such as abrasion resistance, impact strength, cutting resistance and the like and further, excellent in heat resistance, water resistance, electric insulation and the like.
• the protective material of this invention is used for work treating dangerous material, work treating explosive material, cutting and processing of metal, meat producing work, cutting and processing of timber, work at height and so on, as safety tool and wear such as helmet, glove, legprotector and the like, bulletproof jacket, escape chute, safety net and the like.
• the yield of polymer was l0.88 kg, 97.8% of theoretical yield.
• the polymer was pulverized in a hammer mill to give particles of 2.5 mm or less.
• the polymer was then treated in a rotary kiln in nitrogen atmosphere at 280°C for 5 hours.
• the resulting polymer showed optical anisotropy at a temperature of 350°C or higher.
• the polymer obtained above was melt-spun by using a screw type extruder of 30 mm ⁇ . In the melt-­spinning the spinneret with a hole diameter of 0.07 mm, a hole length of 0.l4 mm and a number of holes of 308 was used. Melt-spinning was conducted at 365°C and light yellowish transparent fiber was obtained without break of filament, and thus stable spinning was carried out. When the fiber obtained was heat treated in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 320°C for 3 hours, the fiber produced had diameter of l6.2 ⁇ m, strength 29.2 g/d, elongation 2.9% and modulus of elasticity l030 g/d and melting point of this fiber showed at 450°C or higher, water absorption of 0.0%.
• the fiber obtained in Referential Example l was used and plain fabric was woven by automatic weaving machine manufactured by Tsudakoma Kogyo Co., Ltd.
• the warp density and weft density were both 25 yarn/2.54 cm, and basis weight of the fabric was l72 g/m2.
• a plain fabric was woven in the same manner as in Example l except that poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber was used.
• warp density and weft density were both l5 yarns/2.54 cm, and basis weight was l87 g/m2.
• the fiber used had diameter of l2.0 ⁇ m, strength of 23.0 g/d, elongation of 2.7%, modulus of elasticity of 860 g/d and hydroscopic degree of 3.2%.
• a plain fabric was woven in the same manner as in Example l except that polyethylene terephthalate fiber was used and warp density and weft density of the fabric were both l02 yarns/2.54 cm and basis weight was l76 g/m2.
• the fiber used had diameter of l7 ⁇ m, strength of 6.3 g/d, elongation of l0.7% and modulus of elasticity of l08 g/d.
• Example l The fabric each obtained in Example l, Comparative Example l and Comparative Example 2 was fixed in a metal frame and a NT cutter A-300 manufactured by Nihon Tenshashi Co. was set in 45° angle to the fabric. A load was applied on the fabric by putting a weight on the upper of blade of the cutter, and the fabric was moved in a length of l5 cm in a rate of 5 cm/minute. Each fabric thus cut was examined. Results thereof are shown in Table l. From Table l, it is known that the fabric of Example l is superior to those of Comparative Examples l and 2 in resistance to cutting.
• Example 2 was repeated except that the fabric each obtained in Comparative Examples l and 2 is used to obtain a fabric impregnated with resin.
• Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 namely, the fabric obtained by impregnation with resin of the fabric each obtained in Example l, Comparative Examples l and 2, amount of absorbed energy was measured.
• the fabric impregnated with resin was cut in size of 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm and each piece was fixed on circular frame 25.4 mm in inner diameter.
• An iron drop weight which is a hemishere l2.7 mm in diameter having a column 8 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length, was shot down from height of 2 m above the tested fabric, turning down the hemi-­sherical side of the drop weight, by means of compressed air. Load falling on the tested fabric was measured to obtain amount of absorbed energy.
• the fabric according to this invention is excellent in impact resistance.
• Knitting of the fiber obtained in the Referential Example l was carried out by use of home knitting machine, "palie 8" manufactured by Brother Co. Cutting test of knitted goods was carried out.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=16220806

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (1)

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• 1985
  • 1985-08-26 JP JP60188275A patent/JPS6245751A/ja active Pending
• 1986
  • 1986-08-19 EP EP86111427A patent/EP0214509A3/de not_active Withdrawn

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