EP0230541B1 - Procédé de fabrication de nappes de filaments déposés au hasard et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de nappes de filaments déposés au hasard et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0230541B1
EP0230541B1 EP86116157A EP86116157A EP0230541B1 EP 0230541 B1 EP0230541 B1 EP 0230541B1 EP 86116157 A EP86116157 A EP 86116157A EP 86116157 A EP86116157 A EP 86116157A EP 0230541 B1 EP0230541 B1 EP 0230541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slit
compressor
thread
dies
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86116157A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0230541A2 (fr
EP0230541A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Mente
Gerhard Knitsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JH Benecke GmbH
Corovin GmbH
Original Assignee
JH Benecke GmbH
Corovin GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JH Benecke GmbH, Corovin GmbH filed Critical JH Benecke GmbH
Priority to AT86116157T priority Critical patent/ATE62941T1/de
Publication of EP0230541A2 publication Critical patent/EP0230541A2/fr
Publication of EP0230541A3 publication Critical patent/EP0230541A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0230541B1 publication Critical patent/EP0230541B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of random nonwoven webs from synthetic threads, which are drawn off as a family of threads from spinning nozzles under the influence of a gaseous propellant produced by a compressor or the like and are deposited on a base.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • DE-PS 1 785 158, GB-PS 1 282 176 and GB-PS 1 297 582 have already disclosed methods and devices of the above type.
  • a common feature of these methods is that the family of threads is drawn out of the spinnerets under the influence of compressed air by means of a thread take-off device, stretched inside the thread take-off device and, after passing through a spreading device, is placed on the base to form a nonwoven web.
  • thread pull-off force occurring in the thread take-off device is essentially generated within a thread take-off tube, which has a thread take-off nozzle at its upper end, which is fed with highly compressed compressed air.
  • the invention achieves this goal in the generic method by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1. With regard to a device, the object is achieved by those mentioned in claim 8 Features resolved.
  • the invention surprisingly treads a completely new path, which leads away from the thread take-off tubes previously used and which instead allows the thread sheet to be drawn off and guided along a wall surface or nozzle wall formed by several slot nozzles. Since no bundling is now carried out within thread take-off tubes, the risk of twisting of individual threads is eliminated, so that random nonwoven webs with a uniform structure can be produced.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge confirmed by tests that the required thread pulling forces (measured comparatively on a copper wire of 0.12 mm diameter) of approximately 0.2 N can be generated with several slot nozzles arranged one above the other.
  • An arrangement is expedient in which the air - based on the thread conveying direction - exits the slot nozzles at an angle of approximately 15 ° or less, so that a strong force component for the tensile force occurs in the thread conveying direction.
  • Another important feature of the invention is that an adiabatic or polytropic process is exploited in a novel manner, while the known processes work isothermally.
  • the invention goes namely from the mathematically derived knowledge below that higher thread pulling forces can be achieved with the adiabatic process (among other things because of the higher viscosity of the air at higher temperatures) than with the isothermal process, which is advantageous in terms of economy of the new process.
  • the admission pressure of the slot nozzles is set somewhat larger than the critical pressure (the ratio of the admission pressure to the ambient air pressure is therefore greater than the Laval pressure ratio).
  • the resulting expansion of the air jet at the outlet of the slot nozzles advantageously lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the flat nozzle wall, so that there is therefore no fear of twisting or sticking to the nozzle wall.
  • cooling in the form of bores is provided in the front part of the slot nozzles, through which, for example, water can be passed.
  • CH-DS 405 220 also describes a process for the production of fibrous sheet-like structures, in which thread sheets are guided along closed channels assigned to them, which serve to guide and cool the thread sheets, while the actual thread pulling forces of two acted upon by air Slits is created just below the spinneret.
  • a secondary air is introduced into the channels via obliquely arranged slots, so that the individual thread sheets are completely solidified after leaving the assigned channels and are deposited one after the other, whereby a multi-surface fiber structure is created. So that as many threads as possible are caught by the air flow, the spinnerets are designed to be relatively narrow, so that the output of the known method is correspondingly low. The application of an adiabatic or polytropic process is not addressed there.
  • a so-called flip-flop traversing is provided in an expedient embodiment, which is known per se from DE-PS 24 21 401 and in connection with the novel nozzle wall a special one ensures great uniformity of the structure.
  • 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view to illustrate the principle of a device according to the invention
  • 2 is a diagram showing the thread pulling forces
  • 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a slot nozzle with a supply pipe
  • 4 shows the different slot widths of a slot in the supply pipe
  • 5 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line A - A from FIG. 3
  • 6 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line BB from FIG. 3
  • 7 shows a cross-sectional view along the section line C - C from FIG. 3.
  • synthetic threads 12 are drawn as a family of threads from spinnerets 10 by means of an air stream directed downwards, which is generated by slot nozzles 16 arranged one above the other, which form a nozzle wall 18.
  • the threads 12 emerging from the spinnerets 10 are cooled to room temperature by means of a cross-air flow indicated by the arrows B, and the threads 12 are aligned by means of a horizontally adjustable tube 14.
  • Both the compressor and the slot nozzles 16 are operated polytropically, the compressor compressing the air from the room state polytropically to the same pressure or greater than the critical pressure of 1.894 bar.
  • the compressor, the feed lines and the rear of the slot nozzles are insulated.
  • 16 holes 20 are provided in the front part of the slot nozzles for water cooling in order to dissipate the heat.
  • the spreading device 28 comprises two oscillating Coanda shells 32 and is described in more detail in DE-PS 24 21 401, so that it does not need to be discussed further at this point.
  • the resistance coefficient c is not a constant; rather, it changes according to the equation with the Reynolds number Re.
  • the admission pressure of the slot nozzles 16 is set somewhat higher than the critical pressure, so that the expansion of the air jet which arises at the outlet slots 26 of the slot nozzles 16 lifts the thread sheet by a small amount from the nozzle wall 18.
  • the admission pressure is not chosen too high, but is kept low, if possible, since the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is more favorable with a low nozzle admission pressure.
  • the lower limit of the pre-pressure occurs where the relative speed between the threads 12 and the air is so low that the thread pulling force decreases disproportionately.
  • a preferred value of the ratio of energy expenditure to thread pulling force is between 1.1 and 5 bar.
  • FIGS. 3-7 The detailed structure of a slot nozzle 16 used in the new method and the new device is shown in FIGS. 3-7.
  • Each slot nozzle 16 has a front chamber 34 and a rear chamber 36 which are connected to one another via a gap 42 of 1.5 mm .
  • the front chamber 34 opens into the exit slot 26 via a gap 38 (1.5 mm), fins 40 being arranged in the manner of a flow grille in the feed to the exit slot 26 in order to align the turbulent flow in front of the exit slot 26.
  • In the front part of the slot nozzles 16 there are bores 20 for cooling by means of cooling water or the like, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 3.
  • a supply pipe 44 the two outer pipes, extends in each slot nozzle 16 within the rear chamber 36 Ends are connected to the compressor, not shown, that is, air is supplied from both sides of the supply pipe 44.
  • the wall of the supply pipe 44 runs close to the upper and lower wall of the rear chamber 36, forming a gap 48 and 50 of approximately 1.5 mm each.
  • the supply pipe 44 has a slot 46 through which the air can escape from the compressor into the rear chamber 36.
  • the slot 46 extends along the entire length of the rear chamber 36 and has different slot widths over the length, as is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the width of the slot is changed symmetrically to the center of the tube (seen in the longitudinal direction).
  • the slot width S is 2 mm, and it widens discretely towards the pipe ends to 3 and 4 mm.
  • the jumps in diameter are equalized, so that the slot 46 then continuously widens outwards from 2 mm in the middle to 4 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (26)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication de lés en non tissé de fibres synthétiques, qui sont extraites sous forme de nappe de fils à la sortie de filières, sous l'influence d'un agent propulseur sous forme de gaz, d'un compresseur ou d'un moyen analogue, et déposées sur un support, caractérisé en ce que la nappe de fibres est extraite le long d'une paroi de filières (18), à une certaine distance de celle-ci, la paroi des filières étant formée par une pluralité de filières à fente (16) disposées les unes au dessus des autres, le long de la surface desquelles passe l'agent propulseur sortant des filières à fente, et en ce que le compresseur et les filières à fente (16) sont actionnés de manière polytropique (approximativement adabiatique).
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'agent propulseur sous forme de gaz sort des filières à fente (16) en formant un angle de 15° environ ou moins par rapport à la perpendiculaire, relativement à la paroi de filières (18).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 et/ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la nappe de fibres, après avoir passé la paroi de filières (18), est déposée au moyen d'un changement flip-flop (28) connu en soi, sur un support réalisé sous forme de bande transporteuse perforée (30) de façon à recouvrir la surface de celui-ci.
  4. Procédé suivant une des revendications précédentes 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les filières à fente (16) sont refroidies (20).
  5. Procédé suivant une des revendications précédentes 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de la pression d'admission des filières à fente (18) par rapport à la pression de l'air ambiant est réglée de manière à excéder la proportion de pression de Laval.
  6. Procédé suivant revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la nappe de fibres est maintenue à une certaine distance de la paroi de filières (18) par l' expansion du milieu propulseur qui se produit à la sortie des filières à fente (16).
  7. Procédé suivant une des revendications précédentes 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les fils (12) sortant des filières sont refroidis à la température ambiante par un courant d'air transversal (B).
  8. Dispositif pour la fabrication de lés en non tissé de fibres synthétiques, comportant des filières, un dispositif d'extraction avec un compresseur, un dispositif d'écartement et un dépôt, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extraction est formé par plusieurs filières à fente (15) disposées les unes au-dessus des autres et en ce que les filières à fente (16) et le compresseur qui alimente celles-ci, sont actionnés de manière polytropique.
  9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que deux surfaces Coanda (32), disposées avec un écart entre elles en-dessous de la paroi (18) des filières (16), sont prévues comme surfaces de glissement pour l'écoulement de l'agent propulseur et en ce que les surfaces Coanda (32) peuvent être déplacées transversalement à la direction de transport des fils (A).
  10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la filière à fente (16) possède une fente de sortie (26) disposée de façon à ce que l'air fourni par le compresseur sorte en formant un angle d'au plus 15° par rapport à la direction de transport des fils.
  11. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la filière à fente (16) est pourvue d'un refroidissement (20).
  12. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le refroidissement (20) est disposé à la partie avant de la filière à fente (16), à proximité de la fente de sortie (26).
  13. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11 et/ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement est formé par une pluralité de trous pour un liquide de refroidissement lesdits trous étant transversaux par rappport à la direction de transport du fil.
  14. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 8 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la filière à fente (16) possède une chambre (34; 36) qui débouche dans la fente de sortie (26) et qui est reliée au compresseur.
  15. Dispositif suivant la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la chambre est divisée en une chambre avant (34) débouchant dans la fente de sortie (26) et une chambre arrière (36) qui reçoit l'air du compresseur.
  16. Dispositif suivant la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la chambre avant (34) et la chambre arrière (36) sont reliées entre elles par une fente (42).
  17. Dispositif suivant la revendication 15 et/ou 16, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'intérieur de la chambre arrière (36), un tuyau d'alimentation (44) s'étend verticalement à la direction de transport du fil, dont les deux bouts sont reliés au compresseur.
  18. Dispositif suivant la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce qu'une fente (46) dans le sens de la longueur du tuyau d'alimentation (44) est prévue dans la paroi de celui-ci, à travers de laquelle l'air fourni par le compresseur passe dans la chambre arrière (36).
  19. Dispositif suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la largeur (S) de la fente (46), vue sur toute la longueur du tuyaux, présente des valeurs différentes.
  20. Dispositif suivant la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce qu'au milieu du tuyau d'alimentation (44) la largeur de la fente (S) présente la valeur la plus faible et qu'aux extrémités du tuyau d'alimentation (44), elle présente la valeur la plus importante, l'accroissement de la largeur de la fente étant symétrique par rapport au milieu du tuyau vers l'extérieur.
  21. Dispositif suivant la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que trois différentes largeurs de fente (S), respectivement de 2, 3 et 4 mm sont prévues.
  22. Dispositif suivant une des revendications 18 à 21 caractérisé en ce que la fente (46) est disposée au centre de la chambre arrière (36), sur la face arrière de celle-ci qui est opposée à la chambre avant (34).
  23. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 18 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau d'alimentation (44) s'étend en formant respectivement une fente (48, 50) jusqu' à proximité des parois supérieure et inférieure de la chambre arrière (36).
  24. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 8 à 23, caractérisé en ce que le compresseur, les amenées aux filières à fente (16), ainsi que les faces arrières des filières à fente (16) sont isolés contre le transfert de chaleur.
  25. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 8 à 24, caractérisé en ce qu'un tuyau (14) réglable dans le sens horizontal est prévu au-dessus de la paroi à filières (18), formée par les filières à fente (16), pour l'alignement des fils (12).
  26. Dispositif suivant une des revendications précédentes 8 à 25, caractérisé en ce que des lamelles (40) sont disposées dans l'amenée à la fente de sortie (26), afin d'aligner le courant turbulant.
EP86116157A 1986-01-17 1986-11-21 Procédé de fabrication de nappes de filaments déposés au hasard et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0230541B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86116157T ATE62941T1 (de) 1986-01-17 1986-11-21 Verfahren zur herstellung von wirrvliesbahnen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3601201 1986-01-17
DE3601201A DE3601201C1 (de) 1986-01-17 1986-01-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wirrvliesbahnen und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0230541A2 EP0230541A2 (fr) 1987-08-05
EP0230541A3 EP0230541A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0230541B1 true EP0230541B1 (fr) 1991-04-24

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EP86116157A Expired - Lifetime EP0230541B1 (fr) 1986-01-17 1986-11-21 Procédé de fabrication de nappes de filaments déposés au hasard et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5045271A (fr)
EP (1) EP0230541B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62223361A (fr)
AT (1) ATE62941T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3601201C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2022101B3 (fr)

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JPH027908Y2 (fr) * 1987-10-12 1990-02-26
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DE4236514C2 (de) * 1992-10-26 1997-03-27 Fischer Karl Ind Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Förderung und Ablage von Scharen endloser Fäden mittels Luftkräften
US5688468A (en) * 1994-12-15 1997-11-18 Ason Engineering, Inc. Process for producing non-woven webs
US5545371A (en) * 1994-12-15 1996-08-13 Ason Engineering, Inc. Process for producing non-woven webs
US5772948A (en) * 1996-11-19 1998-06-30 Plastaflex Corporation Melt-blown fiber system with pivotal oscillating member and corresponding method
US6524521B1 (en) * 1999-08-30 2003-02-25 Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. Method of and apparatus for manufacturing longitudinally aligned nonwoven fabric
JP3658284B2 (ja) * 2000-07-05 2005-06-08 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 不織布製造装置
DE50100381D1 (de) 2000-07-25 2003-08-21 Freudenberg Carl Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Spinnvlieses
US20030003834A1 (en) * 2000-11-20 2003-01-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for forming spread nonwoven webs
JP4495871B2 (ja) * 2001-02-27 2010-07-07 新日本石油株式会社 横配列ウェブの製造方法および装置
EP1277867A1 (fr) 2001-07-16 2003-01-22 Carl Freudenberg KG Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de non-tissés du type spunbonded
US7320581B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2008-01-22 Aktiengesellschaft Adolph Saurer Stabilized filament drawing device for a meltspinning apparatus
US7172398B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2007-02-06 Aktiengesellschaft Adolph Saurer Stabilized filament drawing device for a meltspinning apparatus and meltspinning apparatus including such stabilized filament drawing devices
DE102005054726A1 (de) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-15 Carl Freudenberg Kg Vliesstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
CN102549265B (zh) 2009-09-30 2014-08-13 大金工业株式会社 螺杆式压缩机

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62223361A (ja) 1987-10-01
EP0230541A2 (fr) 1987-08-05
DE3678935D1 (de) 1991-05-29
EP0230541A3 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3601201C1 (de) 1987-07-09
JPH0215658B2 (fr) 1990-04-12
ES2022101B3 (es) 1991-12-01
US5045271A (en) 1991-09-03
ATE62941T1 (de) 1991-05-15

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