EP0261617A2 - Distributeur doseur - Google Patents
Distributeur doseur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0261617A2 EP0261617A2 EP87113730A EP87113730A EP0261617A2 EP 0261617 A2 EP0261617 A2 EP 0261617A2 EP 87113730 A EP87113730 A EP 87113730A EP 87113730 A EP87113730 A EP 87113730A EP 0261617 A2 EP0261617 A2 EP 0261617A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metering
- ring
- wheel
- housing
- dispenser according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/04—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills
- B65D83/0409—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets or pills the dispensing means being adapted for delivering one article, or a single dose, upon each actuation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2583/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D2583/04—For dispensing annular, disc-shaped or spherical or like small articles or tablets
- B65D2583/0472—For dispensing annular, disc-shaped or spherical or like small articles or tablets characterised by the dispensing action
- B65D2583/0477—For dispensing annular, disc-shaped or spherical or like small articles or tablets characterised by the dispensing action the container is maintained in the same position during the dispensing of several successive articles or doses
- B65D2583/049—One rotational action of a cylindrical, disc-like or sphere-like element around its own axis, e.g. step-by-step, reciprocating
- B65D2583/0495—One rotational action of a cylindrical, disc-like or sphere-like element around its own axis, e.g. step-by-step, reciprocating the element being alveolate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a metering dispenser for shaped solids, in particular for tablets and pills in small format, consisting of a cylindrical housing which is composed of an upper part which is closed at one end and open at the other end, a metering device provided with metering openings and a lower part enclosing a collecting chamber , wherein part of the metering device can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the housing.
- DE-OS 30 48 865 describes a metering dispenser in the cylindrical housing of which a storage chamber is provided which is closed at one end with a stopper. The other end of the housing is closed off by a wall with a sector-shaped recess and the housing here has a radially inwardly offset extension.
- a sleeve is pushed onto this extension, in which a sector-shaped metering cell which is open in the axial direction is provided.
- the sleeve can be rotated on the extension in such a way that a receiving opening of the metering cell is aligned with the sector-shaped recess in the end wall of the housing, the outlet opening of the metering cell then being closed by an aperture.
- the dosing cell is filled in this state. By turning the sleeve, the dosing cell is closed in relation to the storage chamber and at the same time the discharge opening of the dosing cell is opened.
- Such a dispenser can dispense tablets individually, but targeted dosing is not easily possible
- the dosing dispenser consists of a storage tank and a dosing disc that can be rotated around the storage axis. It is composed of an upper part and a lower part, the longitudinal axes of which are identical.
- the metering disc divides the lower part into two chambers that are open at opposite ends and has four ring-shaped webs that are offset by 90 ° from each other, each of which delimits a receiving compartment for a tablet.
- three cylindrical storage chutes for receiving tablets or the like and an ejection chute are provided in the upper part of the housing.
- the known dispensers for tablets or pills are usually designed for single dispensing, without, however, attaching importance to targeted dosing. It is also not important that tablets or pills are not damaged when dispensing. The situation is different when medication is to be dispensed in the form of tablets or pills, depending on the active substance content.
- microtablets which are preferable to large tablets, since they enable a much better distribution of active ingredients.
- the amounts of active ingredient contained in small tablets or pills can be dosed much better in a patient-specific manner.
- the object of the invention is to provide a metering dispenser of the type mentioned at the outset for microtablets and micropills, which allows safe metering and safe dispensing with simple handling.
- a metering dispenser of the type mentioned in the introduction in that the metering device consists of three parts, namely a) a cylindrical ring part which can be fitted with a snug fit in the open end of the upper housing part, from the inner wall of which a tab protrudes radially, b) one in which the open end of the ring part facing away from the upper part of the housing and rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the housing, which has a perforated plate with metering openings arranged on the peripheral edge region and from the peripheral edge of which an annular ring protrudes perpendicularly, on the inner wall of which the detent openings associated with the metering openings are provided, and c) one in the ring rim of the dosing wheel insertable base part, which has a plate with a recessed ejection hole, from the circumferential edge of which a circumferential edge bar protrudes perpendicularly, on the free edge of which a locking lug cooperating with the
- a dispenser with the features according to the invention is excellently suitable for microtablets and micropills, which can contain the active ingredient in an amount of the lowest dosage, so that the consumer can remove the number of tablets or pills simply by gradually advancing the dosage wheel, depending on the dose required for them can.
- the features of the interacting parts of the metering device are matched to one another so that a tablet or pill can certainly fall from the storage chamber located above the perforated plate of the metering wheel into the collecting chamber in the lower part of the housing in each switching step. The user feels and hears when the catch of the base part snaps into a catch notch in the metering wheel and he therefore knows that a tablet or pill has now fallen into the collecting chamber.
- the upper part of the dispenser housing is pushed onto the ring part and closes the pantry.
- the lower part of the dispenser housing encloses the collecting chamber.
- Complementary corrugations or scoring on the metering wheel on the one hand and on the lower part on the other hand, these two parts are held against one another in a rotationally fixed manner, but can be detached from one another by pulling to remove the tablets or pills.
- the cylindrical housing G is essentially composed of three parts, namely the upper part 1, the metering device 2 and the lower part 3.
- the upper part 1 forms with a part of the metering device 2 a storage chamber 4.
- the lower part 3 which is placed like a cap from below on the metering device 2, encloses a collecting chamber 3 ⁇ for the tablet or pill released by the metering device 2 from the storage chamber 4 ⁇ .
- the centerpiece of the dispenser is the metering device 2. It consists of three parts, namely a) a ring part 4, on which the upper part 1 of the housing G is placed, b) a metering wheel 8, which fits from below into the free end of the ring part 4 is, and c) a base part 15 which is inserted from below into the metering wheel 8.
- the ring part 4 is a cylindrical molded part with a diagonal web 5 at the end of the ring part 4 facing the upper part 1 of the dispenser.
- the web 5 has a central recess 5 ⁇ .
- a circumferential limiting web 7 is provided, on which the lower edge of the upper part 1 of the housing G is seated.
- a triangular tab 6 projects radially inwards from the inner wall of the ring part 4 and serves as a slide for the tablet or pill to be dispensed.
- the ring part 4 forms the wall of the storage chamber 4 ⁇ for the tablets or pills.
- the bottom of this storage chamber 4 ⁇ is formed by a perforated plate 9 of the metering wheel 8, which - as mentioned above - is inserted from below into the ring part 4 with a snug fit.
- the metering wheel 8 consists of the perforated plate 9 with substantially cylindrical metering openings 10 which are evenly spaced from one another on the circumferential edge.
- a conically tapering hub 11 is formed in the center of the upper side of the perforated plate 9 facing the upper part 1 of the housing G and has a bore 11 ' having.
- an annular ring 12 protrudes vertically downward and has an outwardly projecting step 12 '.
- This stage 12 ⁇ forms a stop for the lower edge of the ring part 4, in which the metering wheel 8 is fitted but rotatably with a snug fit.
- locking notches 13 are provided, which are arranged corresponding to the metering openings 10 in the perforated plate 9 of the metering wheel 8. This means that a locking notch 13 is assigned to each metering opening 10.
- each metering opening 10 has a conical outward widening, a kind of funnel 10 ⁇ forming edge (Fig. 2, 6 and 6a), which creates the transition from the surface of the perforated plate 9 to the vertical walls of the cylindrical metering opening 10 .
- a sharp transition edge between the surface of the perforated plate 9 and the metering opening 10 is avoided.
- the tablet or pill pushed to the metering opening 10 through the tab 6 can therefore not be pinched and destroyed, but it slides down the slope of the funnel 10 ⁇ of the edge into the metering opening 10.
- the dimensions of the metering opening and the tablets to be dispensed are coordinated. It applies that the clear width of the cylindrical metering opening 10 is slightly larger than the largest diameter of the tablet.
- the height of the funnel cone is less than half the height or half the diameter of the tablet.
- This design of the metering opening 10, matched to the dimensions of the tablets to be dispensed and the arrangement of the tab 6, ensure that the metering dispenser functions properly.
- 6 and 6a illustrate the mode of operation.
- Fig. 6 there are three pills 23, 23 ⁇ , 23 Dos in the metering opening 10, but two of these pills sit on the funnel-shaped edge area 10 ⁇ . If the metering wheel 9 is rotated further, the tab 6 moves against the pill 23 ⁇ , lifts it out and presses it against the pill 23 ⁇ , which in turn is now pushed away over the inclined wall of the funnel 10 ⁇ .
- the metering opening 10 there is now only the pill 23, which falls out of the ejection hole 17 of the plate 16 of the base part 15.
- a corrugation or scoring 14 is provided, onto which the lower part is pushed.
- the lower part 3 has corresponding corrugations or scoring, so that a sufficiently firm connection is created to take the metering wheel 8 with it by rotating the lower part 3.
- the two parts can be separated again by train solve others.
- the connection is uncoupled, the engagement of the corrugations or creases on the metering wheel 8 and on the lower part 3 of the metering dispenser is released, so that no tablets are dispensed even when the lower part 3 is turned.
- the base part 15 is inserted into the metering wheel 8 from below. It consists of a plate 16, in the edge area, in accordance with the arrangement of the tab 6 on the ring part 4 and the metering openings 10 in the perforated plate 9 of the metering wheel 8, an ejection hole 17 for the tablet or pill to be removed.
- a conically tapering hub 19 projects from the top of the plate 16 and fits into the hub 11 of the metering wheel 8.
- the hub 19 of the base part 15 also has a bore 19 ⁇ . From the circumferential edge of the plate 19 there is a circumferential rim 16 'perpendicularly downward and a catch 18 is formed on the lower circumferential edge of this rim 16', which cooperates with the notches 13 on the metering wheel 8.
- this latch 18 is arranged on a circular arc, which is separated by a slot 20 from the material of the edge strip 16rau. With this arrangement, the locking lug 18 springs and when the metering wheel 8 rotates, it first slides on the inner wall of the ring rim 12 until it springs into a locking notch 13.
- the three parts of the metering device 2 are assembled in the order described above.
- the recess 5 ⁇ and the bores 11 ⁇ and 19 ⁇ of the ring part 4, the metering wheel 8 and the base part 15 are brought into alignment.
- These three components are then connected to one another by means of a fastening means inserted through the through opening.
- a fastener can be a screw spindle (not shown) through Tighten the parts together.
- an elongated, conically tapering hub 19 can be formed on the top of the plate 16 of the base part 15, which is inserted through the hub 11 of the metering wheel 8 and through the recess 5 'in the web 5.
- a rivet head 22 is welded to the free end of this hub 19, that is to say to the piece which is in the recess 5 ⁇ of the web 5, and in this way the three components of the metering device 2 are connected to one another.
- the inseparable weld-rivet head connection ensures perfect positioning of the parts with respect to one another.
- the handling of the dosing device 2 according to the invention is extremely simple and safe. Since the tab 6 on the ring part 4 always lies above the ejection hole 17, a tablet or pill is only conveyed into this hole when the tab 6 gradually releases a metering opening 10 when the metering wheel 8 is rotated. The tablet or pill slips into the metering opening 10 and from here into and through the ejection hole 17 into the collecting chamber 3 ⁇ of the lower part 3 of the housing G.
- each dosing opening 10 is assigned a locking notch 13
- a tablet or pill is conveyed through the corresponding dosing opening each time the locking lug 18 of the base part 15 engages in a locking notch 13.
- a corresponding design of the tab 6 on the ring part 4 of the metering device 2 also ensures that tilting and thereby destruction of the tablet or pill to be dispensed is avoided.
- the shape and size of the tab 6 is selected so that it completely covers a metering opening 10 in the rest position and its two legs 6 ⁇ each run approximately tangentially to the metering openings 10x flanking the covered metering opening 10 (FIG. 5).
- the tab 6 is preferably made slightly resilient and thin to ensure that the tablets or pills 23 are carefully gripped and moved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3632546 | 1986-09-25 | ||
| DE19863632546 DE3632546A1 (de) | 1986-09-25 | 1986-09-25 | Dosierspender |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0261617A2 true EP0261617A2 (fr) | 1988-03-30 |
| EP0261617A3 EP0261617A3 (fr) | 1988-09-28 |
Family
ID=6310303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87113730A Withdrawn EP0261617A3 (fr) | 1986-09-25 | 1987-09-19 | Distributeur doseur |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4782981A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0261617A3 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS6382971A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU588486B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1277965C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3632546A1 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK501887A (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI873788A7 (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO873999L (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012209503A1 (de) | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | Balda Medical Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spendervorrichtung für Festkörperportionen sowie Verfahren zum Spenden von Festkörperportionen |
| FR3004704A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-24 | Sermi Plast | Dispositif de distribution d'objets plats |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2517649C (fr) * | 2003-03-03 | 2011-05-03 | Airsec S.A. | Dispositif de distribution d'objets de forme oblongue ayant une ouverture principale et au moins une autre ouverture de forme allongee |
| US7159720B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2007-01-09 | Pearson Stephen J | Container having a rotatable ring |
| FR2868403B1 (fr) * | 2004-03-30 | 2006-06-09 | Airsec Sa | Dispositif de distribution, unite par unite, d'objets conformes tels que comprimes pharmaceutiques |
| US20090302048A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2009-12-10 | Airsec | Device for storing and dispensing in single units objects in the form of sheets or thin strips |
| US8202535B2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2012-06-19 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Small-volume oral transmucosal dosage forms |
| US8865743B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2014-10-21 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Small volume oral transmucosal dosage forms containing sufentanil for treatment of pain |
| US8753308B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2014-06-17 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for administering small volume oral transmucosal dosage forms using a dispensing device |
| US9289583B2 (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2016-03-22 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for administering small volume oral transmucosal dosage forms using a dispensing device |
| FR2901253B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-08-15 | Airsec Soc Par Actions Simplif | Ensemble opercule de stockage et de distribution avec limiteur de debit, de produits pharmaceutiques solides |
| FR2901248B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-19 | 2010-09-17 | Airsec | Dispositif distributeur/limiteur de debit de produits unitaires, integre a un conteneur et de traitement in-situ de son atmosphere interne |
| US7992748B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2011-08-09 | North Safety Products, Inc. | Earplug dispenser |
| US9730557B2 (en) | 2007-05-16 | 2017-08-15 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Keyed dispensing cartridge with valve insert |
| AU2009256146A1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Schering Corporation | Packages and inserts thereof with guide wall for dispensing medicinal units |
| US8548623B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2013-10-01 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Storage and dispensing devices for administration of oral transmucosal dosage forms |
| EP2394926B1 (fr) | 2010-06-08 | 2015-01-07 | Clariant Production (France) S.A.S. | Bouchon à sécurité enfants |
| KR101787857B1 (ko) | 2013-02-04 | 2017-10-18 | 끌라리앙 프로딕숑 (프랑스) 에스.아.에스. | 스트립형 대상물을 유지하고 분배하기 위한 분배 장치 |
| US9412216B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-08-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-chambered earplug dispenser |
| US9501890B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-11-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Reduced friction earplug dispenser |
| WO2016003650A1 (fr) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Distributeur de bouchon d'oreille ayant un corps de mélange asymétrique |
| US9580230B2 (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2017-02-28 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Anti-jam dispenser |
| NZ732808A (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2021-12-24 | Acelrx Pharmaceuticals Inc | Systems, devices and methods for dispensing oral transmucosal dosage forms |
| DE102015001947A1 (de) | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-18 | Andrea Kassirra | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Dosierung eines definierten Volumens von stückigen Gütern. |
| US10144574B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-12-04 | Toxie Williams | Spill guard select dispenser for the prevention of pill spillage |
| US10004664B2 (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-06-26 | Sympill, Llc | Pill dispenser |
| US10569286B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2020-02-25 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Shaped cartridge dispensing systems |
| US11662239B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2023-05-30 | National University Of Singapore | Dispenser for granules |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2227167A (en) * | 1939-07-14 | 1940-12-31 | Morton Salt Co | Dispenser for tablets |
| US2761592A (en) * | 1949-04-25 | 1956-09-04 | Howard B Lewis | Tablet dispenser magazine |
| US2979230A (en) * | 1957-09-12 | 1961-04-11 | Whitman Publishing Company | Tablet dispenser |
| US3269612A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1966-08-30 | Russell O Brien | Measuring and dispensing device |
| US3527383A (en) * | 1968-10-17 | 1970-09-08 | Adolph W Borsum | Apparatus for dispensing pills or the like |
| US3730387A (en) * | 1971-07-12 | 1973-05-01 | J Mcconnell | Pill dispensing device having plural cut-off trap chamber |
| US3889847A (en) * | 1973-11-01 | 1975-06-17 | Afa Corp | Child-resistant pill dispenser |
| US3991908A (en) * | 1975-06-27 | 1976-11-16 | Ryder International Corporation | Pill dispenser |
| FR2409923A2 (fr) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-06-22 | Suppo Steril Laboratoires | Bouchon pour le comptage et la distribution de granules |
| DE3048865A1 (de) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-22 | Peter Schönfeld, Verpackung GmbH Display, 8000 München | Dosierspender |
| DE3344412A1 (de) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-06-20 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Dosierspender |
| US4613057A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1986-09-23 | Sacchetti John A | Closure |
| US4611727A (en) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-09-16 | Graff James C | Solid oral dosage dispenser with safety, tamper-proof and sanitation features |
-
1986
- 1986-09-25 DE DE19863632546 patent/DE3632546A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-09-01 FI FI873788A patent/FI873788A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-09-04 JP JP62220567A patent/JPS6382971A/ja active Pending
- 1987-09-19 EP EP87113730A patent/EP0261617A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-09-21 CA CA000547420A patent/CA1277965C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-24 NO NO873999A patent/NO873999L/no unknown
- 1987-09-24 DK DK501887A patent/DK501887A/da unknown
- 1987-09-25 AU AU78965/87A patent/AU588486B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-09-25 US US07/100,724 patent/US4782981A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012209503A1 (de) | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | Balda Medical Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spendervorrichtung für Festkörperportionen sowie Verfahren zum Spenden von Festkörperportionen |
| WO2013182459A1 (fr) | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-12 | Balda Medical Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dispositif et procédé de distribution de doses de corps solides |
| US10099841B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2018-10-16 | Balda Medical Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dispensing device for solid portions and method for dispensing solid portions |
| FR3004704A1 (fr) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-24 | Sermi Plast | Dispositif de distribution d'objets plats |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6382971A (ja) | 1988-04-13 |
| DK501887A (da) | 1988-03-26 |
| FI873788A0 (fi) | 1987-09-01 |
| DK501887D0 (da) | 1987-09-24 |
| EP0261617A3 (fr) | 1988-09-28 |
| CA1277965C (fr) | 1990-12-18 |
| AU7896587A (en) | 1988-03-31 |
| FI873788A7 (fi) | 1988-03-26 |
| NO873999D0 (no) | 1987-09-24 |
| DE3632546A1 (de) | 1988-03-31 |
| US4782981A (en) | 1988-11-08 |
| AU588486B2 (en) | 1989-09-14 |
| NO873999L (no) | 1988-03-28 |
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Effective date: 19880901 |
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Effective date: 19900731 |
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Effective date: 19910116 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SCHUSTER, WILHELM |