EP0318053A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour séparer un mélange de grains - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour séparer un mélange de grains Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318053A1
EP0318053A1 EP88119819A EP88119819A EP0318053A1 EP 0318053 A1 EP0318053 A1 EP 0318053A1 EP 88119819 A EP88119819 A EP 88119819A EP 88119819 A EP88119819 A EP 88119819A EP 0318053 A1 EP0318053 A1 EP 0318053A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
box
layer
shift
circulating air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88119819A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0318053B1 (fr
Inventor
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1110/88A external-priority patent/CH676209A5/de
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to AT88119819T priority Critical patent/ATE101544T1/de
Publication of EP0318053A1 publication Critical patent/EP0318053A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0318053B1 publication Critical patent/EP0318053B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for separating grain mixture, e.g. for reading out heavy admixtures such as stones from grain material, in which the material is guided in a layered manner over an inclined, air-flowing, vibrating layer table surface, and the layer air is conducted as circulating air.
  • a grain separating device operating in recirculation mode which essentially consists of a vibrating table surface and a stationary box completely enclosing the table surface.
  • the lower part of the stationary box has a fan, by means of which the air is blown upwards through the table surface.
  • the air flowing out from the top of the table surface is directed laterally between the swinging table surface and the walls of the stationary box back into the fan inlet.
  • the air is circulated. This is called recirculation mode.
  • This has the great advantage that complex aspiration systems with appropriate filter devices for the stratified air. The fact is, however, that until now these air circulation systems have only been able to establish themselves to a very limited extent.
  • the recirculating air devices are either complex in construction or it is not possible to provide sufficient separation quality, e.g. to achieve a sufficiently high degree of selection for stone selection.
  • the reason for this partly lies in the fact that for the recirculation mode, compromises are made for the product guidance, especially the introduction and execution of the product as well as for the air guidance. So that the vibrating table can swing freely, there must either be sufficient play between the vibrating and the stationary parts or flexible rubber bands must be attached around the entire table surface, which, however, negatively influence the vibrating behavior of the table. False air regularly interferes with the formation of a good product stratification and thus the success of the separation of the various good parts.
  • the invention has for its object a new in To create a circulating air separation process that allows a high throughput while reducing the disadvantages of the known solutions as much as possible.
  • the invention is achieved in a generic method in that the circulating air used for the stratification of the material is passed through separate guides for the supply and exhaust air, the guides being set in common vibrations with the table surface.
  • the invention has the advantage of a high separation quality, a simple structure and a clean operation.
  • a particularly surprising advantage for the vibrating unit has been the attachment of the product feed in the area of the higher table end and the air extraction, for example in the middle area above the shift table, and also the air recirculation over the lower area of the shift table.
  • Each of the functions can be geared to the maximum, which until now was only possible with the best individual machines without air circulation.
  • the cascade-shaped, swinging product feed or product feed widened from top to bottom, ensures that the product is fully spread and loosened right from the start, while at the same time functioning as an airlock.
  • the installation of the product feed cascade in the area of the Higher table ends ensure unobstructed and therefore manageable flow conditions not only through, but also above, the entire shift table area.
  • the air recirculation in the form of a circulating air supply duct which is guided around the lower end of the table and opens out below this, also ensures optimal flow conditions.
  • the circulating air can now be cleaned in stationary facilities as required. Since the air in question remains in the circuit, mechanical cleaning without filtering is sufficient. However, it is also possible to pass only a small proportion of the circulating air into a dust filter. This also has the advantage that the entire system remains under negative pressure to the outside.
  • the invention further relates to a device for separating grain mixtures, in particular for reading out heavy admixtures, such as stones from grain material, with an air-flowed, oscillatable, inclined shift table with air guides for circulating air operation of the device, and is characterized in that the shift table and the guides for air extraction and air recirculation form a vibrating box.
  • An easy-to-control swingarm box can be formed, on which each function receives a clear local assignment.
  • the material feed is preferably arranged on the side of the higher end of the shift table. On this side, the shift tables can be pulled out for service work.
  • the air return is preferably attached to the other lower end side. This can be designed as a flat channel, so that air flowing out of it enters the lower table surface in a vortex-free manner.
  • the air extraction is installed in the upper middle area of the box.
  • the good and fluid connection of the vibrating parts with the stationary parts can be done by round fabric or rubber sleeves, as is done in practice with many vibrating machines without problems.
  • a very particularly advantageous design idea is that one or two table surfaces can be attached in the same swinging box, the lower table taking over part of the goods of the upper table, and the product transfer can preferably take place at the higher table end.
  • the upper table surface can also - possibly even additionally - have a trough-shaped depression (stone or manor swamp) with through-openings in the trough bottom to separate the product flow into a heavy and a light fraction in its lower area.
  • the transfer of goods from the upper to the lower table takes place in this case via a slide arranged in the opposite direction to the main flow direction of the upper table, which on the lower table flows.
  • 1 shows a basic type for a new stone reader 1, the fresh grain being passed through an inlet 2 to a shift table 3 and from there as cleaned grain via an outlet 4 is dissipated.
  • a closed hood 5 is arranged above the shift table 3 and has a suction opening 6.
  • the hood 5 forms, together with the shift table 3, an oscillating device 7 which can be set in motion by a vibration exciter 8 with an oscillating component in the direction of the upper end of the shift table 3.
  • the upper end of the layer table 3 is formed by a guide plate 19 as an end separation zone.
  • the entire vibrating unit 7 is supported by spring elements 9 on a frame 10 which is fixed on a floor 11.
  • a non-vibrating head piece 12 fixed to the frame 10 is a non-vibrating head piece 12, in which the inlet 2 and an air suction line 13 are attached. Furthermore, an air quantity adjustment flap 14 is arranged in the air suction line 13 for setting the air aspirated by the entire stone reader 1.
  • the layer table 3 When viewed in plan, the layer table 3 preferably has an at least approximately rectangular shape. On the side of the higher end of the shift table, the shift table 3 can be pulled out for service work. The product transfer point extends across the full table width. The width is designated in FIG. 2 with "B", the layer thickness with "D”.
  • the formation of a wide-area flow of goods 20, also called a good veil, for the purpose of feeding the goods takes place in two stages.
  • the fresh grain is guided in a distribution box 17.
  • the vibration promotes the uniform, wide distribution of the grain in the distribution box 17, which is widened downwards to reinforce this effect, is cascaded.
  • the widespread spread of the product stream 20 is further supported by the fact that the guide plate 19 has an overflow edge 16 at its free end, that is to say it is trough-shaped.
  • the trough-shaped guide plate 19 can also have bottom openings for the passage of the heavier admixtures.
  • the broad, uniform product flow spread on the shift table 3 is particularly illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the stratification is deliberately overemphasized in the same figure.
  • the layer table 3 has a rough mesh screen 21 as a product support and is constructed in a manner known per se in the so-called sandwich construction, the mesh screen 21 forming the upper side, supported by honeycomb-shaped sheet metal strips 34 which are held downwards by a fine perforated plate 22 .
  • cleaning bodies 24 are arranged which keep both the mesh 21 and the perforated plate 22 clean.
  • the perforated plate 22 has an air resistance that is much greater than the air resistance of the mesh 21, z. B. in the order of 1: 10. With this measure, the air distribution can be kept approximately constant over the entire surface of the layer table 3 regardless of the layer thickness on the mesh screen 21.
  • the material stratification itself essentially consists of three different layers, a lower, heavy layer 25 containing the heavy admixtures being conveyed upward by the mechanical throwing motion.
  • a light layer 26 freed from the heavy admixtures is kept in suspension not only in the relaxed state but also at a distance above the mesh 21 by the targeted air flow.
  • There the layer table 3 is slightly inclined and the upper light layer 26 does not directly receive an upstream table impulse, but is kept in vibration, it swims towards the lower-lying table side.
  • the inclination of the shift table 3 can be adjusted by an adjusting device 35.
  • a third layering 27 consists of the actual heavy admixtures, usually only individual particles, individual foreign bodies, stones 28, etc. Good, heavy grains 29 and light parts, e.g. B. half grains, shell parts 30 are shown in the approximately corresponding shape.
  • the heavy material with the stones 28 immediately sinks onto the vibrating table surface 7 and moves up the table due to the vibration and the rough table surface designed as a mesh 21.
  • the entire surface of the shift table is flowed through uniformly from bottom to top by a suction air flow, the direction of flow of which is illustrated by arrows 31.
  • This air flow 31 brings the grain to a highly fluidized state. Since only the heaviest parts, i.e. H. the stones 28 are separated on the higher end of the table and are to be conveyed from there to a stone lock 45, a corresponding blow-back flow 33 is formed, which prevents light parts or grains with the heaviest admixtures from being conveyed upwards.
  • the blow-back stream is preferably formed under the guide plate 19. If the guide plate 19 is firmly connected to the hood wall, the air guided into the slot between the guide plate and the shift table can only escape in the direction 33.
  • the material is prevented from moving further upwards by the air flow in front of the final separation zone.
  • the stones 28 can continue their movement towards the higher end of the table Zen.
  • blow-back flow 33 causes a flow front or flow direction reversal 32 which is clearly established in practice.
  • the grain 29 freed from the stones 28 is lifted off the table surface by the strong air flow 31, 33 and now flows freely together with all light goods with the upper lifted light layer 26 down the table.
  • the lightest fraction is discharged immediately at outlet 4; an average grain fraction can possibly make a circular traveling movement up-table-down several times, which is particularly true for boundary grains.
  • the product stream 20 is fed directly into the zone of the flow direction reversal 32.
  • the flow direction reversal 32 is generated from the three forces of mechanical conveying action up-table, floating of the upper layer 26 down-table and blow-back flow 33.
  • FIG. 3 The main structural difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 1 is that in FIG. 3 two shift tables, an upper shift table 3a and a lower shift table 3b are used.
  • both shift tables 3a and 3b have the same structure, e.g. B. as in FIG. 2.
  • the top blow table 3a lacks the blow-back flow 33, so that not only the heaviest admixtures, but the whole heavy layer 25 can be moved up the table and can fall onto the guide plate 19 through a discharge channel 40 via a steering plate 41.
  • the mode of operation of the shift table 3b is identical to that of the shift table 3 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a guide plate 42 is arranged at the uppermost point.
  • the flowing product stream is drained via a product lock 43 directly into an outlet channel 44 of the lower layer table 3b.
  • the two streams of material from the two shift tables 3a and 3b freed from the heaviest admixtures are then brought together again in the outlet 4.
  • All heaviest admixtures, such as stones 28, etc. are first separated from the upper layer table 3a together with the heavy layer 25.
  • the actual separation and the separate removal of the stones 28 via the stone lock 45 then take place on the lower layer table 3b.
  • the stone selection takes place here in two temporally and spatially separated stages. This is because concentrate is first formed with all heavy goods, e.g. B. 30% to 60% of the entire material throughput on the upper shift table 3a and only from the reduced material throughput the stones and other heaviest admixtures are read out and carried away separately.
  • FIG. 4 is identical to FIG. 1 in terms of product management, and FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 3.
  • the solution concept of FIGS. 4 and 5 additionally contains an all-round closed box 50, which can be closed by the, respectively the shift table (s) is divided into an upper suction chamber 51 and a lower suction chamber 52. Laterally at the lower end of the or the shift table (s) is a recirculation channel 53, which is connected via a flexible hose 54 and an air return pipe 55 'to an air return line 55. An air flow restrictor 56 is arranged in the air return line 55. 4 and 5, the box 50 itself is supported on the stationary frame 10 by means of spring elements 9.
  • the box 50 At the top of the box 50 is on one end side of a Guteinlaufstutzen 2 adjoining the Guteinlauf 2 ', approximately in the middle with the air suction line 13 interconnected air suction 13 'and on the opposite end side an air return pipe 55' connected to the air return line 55 'is arranged.
  • the aforementioned connections 2 ', 13', 55 ' are connected via flexible sleeves 15, 54 on the one hand to the non-vibrating head piece 12 and on the other hand to the box 50 in order to be able to participate in its movement in this way.
  • two outlets 4 are arranged as tubular product channels 57 on both sides (perpendicular to the image plane), so that the remaining space between the two product channels 57 remains for the circulating air channel 53.
  • the box 50 is bordered in Figures 4 and 5 for better identification with a dashed line.
  • FIG. 6 additionally shows a circulating air separator 60 with a suction fan 61 and a motor drive 62.
  • the air suction nozzle 13 leads directly into the circulating air separator 60, the essential or disruptive part of fine shells and dust being removed from the air flow via a dust discharge line 64.
  • air cleaning is advantageous because it can effectively prevent dust accumulation in the entire device and increase operational safety and hygiene.
  • the recirculation mode has the great advantage that only a minimal amount of air, e.g. B. 10% of the circulating air volume must be passed through fine dust filters.
  • an aspiration connection 65 is provided.
  • the circulating air separator 60 can be attached directly to the ceiling 66 with a fan.
  • Fig. 7 has a fundamental difference compared to Fig. 3 insofar as in Fig. 7 only a small part of the material throughput from the upper shift table 3c at the highest point through a series of larger holes 71 across the entire table width is given to the upper zone of the flow direction reversal of the lower layer table 3d.
  • the majority of the heavy goods are guided in the area of the lower end of the table via a chute 72 approximately to the middle of the lower layer table 3d, again over the entire width of the table.
  • Many series of measurements have shown that, with this solution, the large part of the stones is nevertheless released through the holes 71 directly onto the lower layer table 3d.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 A particularly interesting, independent idea is now shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the method of operation is as follows:
  • the stone sump 80 consists of a trough-like depression 81 which extends over the entire width of the layer table 3c.
  • two different layers are formed in FIGS. 8 and 9, namely the heavy layer 25 and the light layer 26 freed from the heavy additives.
  • FIG. 10 shows a device which operates on the same principles as the devices according to FIGS. 3, 7 and 8. For this reason it is not necessary to repeat the description of the same components at this point. 10 differs from the aforementioned devices only in that a recirculation duct 53 'is arranged separately in the box 50, and the influence it has on flow properties of the air in the box 50 can be avoided.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
EP88119819A 1987-11-27 1988-11-28 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer un mélange de grains Expired - Lifetime EP0318053B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88119819T ATE101544T1 (de) 1987-11-27 1988-11-28 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von korngemisch.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH462687 1987-11-27
CH4626/87 1987-11-27
CH1110/88 1988-03-24
CH1110/88A CH676209A5 (en) 1988-03-24 1988-03-24 Stone separator system from grain

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0318053A1 true EP0318053A1 (fr) 1989-05-31
EP0318053B1 EP0318053B1 (fr) 1994-02-16

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ID=25686687

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119819A Expired - Lifetime EP0318053B1 (fr) 1987-11-27 1988-11-28 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer un mélange de grains
EP88119820A Expired - Lifetime EP0318054B1 (fr) 1987-11-27 1988-11-28 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer les impuretés lourdes des céréales

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119820A Expired - Lifetime EP0318054B1 (fr) 1987-11-27 1988-11-28 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer les impuretés lourdes des céréales

Country Status (13)

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EP (2) EP0318053B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2525493B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR940006018B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1014870B (fr)
AU (2) AU612451B2 (fr)
BR (2) BR8807330A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ280323B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE3887834D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2049741T3 (fr)
HU (2) HU208501B (fr)
PL (1) PL161158B1 (fr)
SK (1) SK278526B6 (fr)
WO (2) WO1989004722A1 (fr)

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DE102013004417A1 (de) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 BEAR Mühlen & Behälter GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zur Sedimentation von Schwerteilen aus Kakaobohnen
CN108745897A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-06 合肥格骄电子科技有限公司 一种用于剔除稻谷中杂物的装置
CN110064487A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-07-30 安徽万朗磁塑股份有限公司 一种自控废磁条退磁生产线
DE102022131974A1 (de) 2022-12-02 2024-06-13 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Fremdkörpern in einem Korngut

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IT201900015126A1 (it) 2019-08-28 2021-02-28 Pal S R L Macchina selezionatrice per la pulizia di materiale incoerente e relativo procedimento di selezione
CN118491856A (zh) * 2024-06-13 2024-08-16 中粮工科茂盛装备(河南)有限公司 一种筛格及具有该筛格的比重分级去石机
CN119793883A (zh) * 2024-12-16 2025-04-11 深圳市农产品质量安全检验检测中心(深圳市动植物疫病预防控制中心) 进口谷物品质及有害物检测设备

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US1701624A (en) * 1925-02-05 1929-02-12 Martin J Lide Dry separator
US1813303A (en) * 1926-12-16 1931-07-07 Martin J Lide Dry separator
US2928545A (en) * 1956-07-16 1960-03-15 Arthur R Forsberg Gravity separator
FR2075525A5 (fr) * 1970-01-14 1971-10-08 Forsberg Robert
GB1536905A (en) * 1976-03-31 1978-12-29 Satake Eng Co Ltd Grain separator
WO1985005050A1 (fr) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-21 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Installation et procede de triage de produits lourds, en particulier de pierres ou materiaux similaires, a partir de cereales et d'autres produits en vrac
WO1988004204A1 (fr) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-16 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Installation et procede pour la preparation par voie seche a la mouture de produits alimentaires et fourragers en grains.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701624A (en) * 1925-02-05 1929-02-12 Martin J Lide Dry separator
US1813303A (en) * 1926-12-16 1931-07-07 Martin J Lide Dry separator
US2928545A (en) * 1956-07-16 1960-03-15 Arthur R Forsberg Gravity separator
FR2075525A5 (fr) * 1970-01-14 1971-10-08 Forsberg Robert
GB1536905A (en) * 1976-03-31 1978-12-29 Satake Eng Co Ltd Grain separator
WO1985005050A1 (fr) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-21 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Installation et procede de triage de produits lourds, en particulier de pierres ou materiaux similaires, a partir de cereales et d'autres produits en vrac
WO1988004204A1 (fr) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-16 Gebrüder Bühler Ag Installation et procede pour la preparation par voie seche a la mouture de produits alimentaires et fourragers en grains.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013004417A1 (de) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 BEAR Mühlen & Behälter GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zur Sedimentation von Schwerteilen aus Kakaobohnen
CN108745897A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-06 合肥格骄电子科技有限公司 一种用于剔除稻谷中杂物的装置
CN110064487A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-07-30 安徽万朗磁塑股份有限公司 一种自控废磁条退磁生产线
CN110064487B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2021-07-06 安徽万朗磁塑股份有限公司 一种自控废磁条退磁生产线
DE102022131974A1 (de) 2022-12-02 2024-06-13 Ifm Electronic Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Fremdkörpern in einem Korngut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU612451B2 (en) 1991-07-11
CZ778288A3 (en) 1995-09-13
JP2530736B2 (ja) 1996-09-04
KR950011184B1 (en) 1995-09-29
DE3873035D1 (de) 1992-08-27
ES2033403T3 (es) 1993-03-16
BR8807330A (pt) 1990-03-01
SK778288A3 (en) 1997-08-06
CN1014870B (zh) 1991-11-27
HU208501B (en) 1993-11-29
HU204449B (en) 1992-01-28
WO1989004722A1 (fr) 1989-06-01
ES2049741T3 (es) 1994-05-01
AU2808289A (en) 1989-06-14
AU612759B2 (en) 1991-07-18
CN1035963A (zh) 1989-10-04
PL161158B1 (pl) 1993-05-31
JPH02502352A (ja) 1990-08-02
WO1989004721A1 (fr) 1989-06-01
EP0318054A1 (fr) 1989-05-31
HU893383D0 (en) 1992-02-28
HUT61914A (en) 1993-03-29
SK278526B6 (en) 1997-08-06
KR890701214A (ko) 1989-12-19
CZ280323B6 (cs) 1995-12-13
BR8807331A (pt) 1990-03-01
KR940006018B1 (ko) 1994-07-02
HUT54534A (en) 1991-03-28
EP0318053B1 (fr) 1994-02-16
JP2525493B2 (ja) 1996-08-21
KR890701213A (ko) 1989-12-19
PL276049A1 (en) 1989-08-07
EP0318054B1 (fr) 1992-07-22
DE3887834D1 (de) 1994-03-24
JPH02502351A (ja) 1990-08-02
AU2810489A (en) 1989-06-14

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