EP0363248A1 - Kühlvorrichtungen von Röntgenröhren - Google Patents

Kühlvorrichtungen von Röntgenröhren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363248A1
EP0363248A1 EP89402607A EP89402607A EP0363248A1 EP 0363248 A1 EP0363248 A1 EP 0363248A1 EP 89402607 A EP89402607 A EP 89402607A EP 89402607 A EP89402607 A EP 89402607A EP 0363248 A1 EP0363248 A1 EP 0363248A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
improvement according
envelope
sheath
phase
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89402607A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Serge Janouin
Philippe Masse
Bernard Pourzergues
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric CGR SA
Original Assignee
General Electric CGR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric CGR SA filed Critical General Electric CGR SA
Publication of EP0363248A1 publication Critical patent/EP0363248A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J7/24—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H01J7/28—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space by latent heat or evaporation of cooling liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/025—Means for cooling the X-ray tube or the generator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to devices for cooling X-ray tubes.
  • X-ray tubes for medical diagnosis for example, generally consist of a diode, that is to say with a cathode and an anode or anti-cathode, these two electrodes being enclosed in a vacuum-tight envelope and which allows for electrical isolation between these two electrodes.
  • the cathode produces a beam of electrons and the anode receives these electrons on a small surface which constitutes a focus, from which the X-rays are emitted.
  • anodic current When the high supply voltage is applied across the cathode and the anode, so that the cathode is at negative potential, a current called anodic current is established in the circuit, through a generator producing the high supply voltage; the anode current crosses the space between the cathode and the anode in the form of a beam of electrons which bombard the hearth.
  • the rotary anode of the conventional type has the general shape of a disc, having an axis of symmetry around which it is rotated by means of an electric motor; the electric motor has a stator located outside the envelope, and a rotor mounted in the envelope of the X-ray tube and arranged along the axis of symmetry, the rotor being mechanically secured to the anode by the intermediate of a support shaft.
  • the energy dissipated in such a tube is high and it is therefore planned to cool it.
  • the tube is enclosed in an enclosure in which a cooling fluid, in particular oil, is circulated.
  • the fluid is itself cooled in an exchanger which can be of the air or water type.
  • a cooling device has thus been produced which operates continuously.
  • the X-ray tube emits only intermittently so that the dissipated energy is important during the examination phase itself, from a few seconds to a few minutes, and that it is practically zero during the rest time. necessary to change the patient.
  • This results in significant disparities in the amount of heat to be removed depending on the phase considered which leads in particular to significant variations in the temperatures of the materials of the tube used, variations which can adversely affect the proper functioning of the tube.
  • variations in the tube attachment piece induce displacement of the hearth.
  • the enclosure or cooling sheath can also undergo significant variations in temperature, which is a nuisance for the environment, in particular when electronic devices are placed nearby.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to produce a cooling device which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks by incorporating into the enclosure or cooling sheath one or more bodies which will melt during the examination phase by absorbing heat and solidify during the rest phase.
  • the invention relates to an improvement to a device for cooling an X-ray tube, the device comprising a sheath which surrounds the X-ray tube and which defines a space for circulation of a cooling fluid in communication with a cooler, characterized by the placement in the sheath of a body, the latent heat of fusion of which is used in the circulation space so that said body melts while absorbing heat during the operating phase of the X-ray tube and solidifies during the rest phase of said tube.
  • the latent heat bodies which can be used are numerous and preferably used are those which have a high latent heat and a melting temperature compatible with the average temperature of the coolant in the absence of said body.
  • the body with latent heat of fusion is enclosed in an envelope which is glued to the internal wall of the sheath and which is provided to allow expansion of the body.
  • only part of the envelope is provided for expansion, using for example for this part synthetic rubber or a bellows made of stainless steel which can deform.
  • the latent body of heat can be a mixture which comprises elements of high atomic number so as to produce an X-ray screen.
  • an X-ray tube 1 disposed in a cooling sheath 2.
  • the X-ray tube 1 comprises a glass envelope 3 in which a high vacuum is produced. Inside this envelope 3 are arranged an emissive cathode 4 and an anode 5 which, in the particular case, is rotating.
  • the anode 5 is mounted at the end of a rotor 6 which cooperates with a stator 7 disposed outside of envelope 3.
  • the cooling sheath 2 is for example produced by the sealed assembly of four parts referenced 8, 9, 10 and 11.
  • Part 8 which is substantially central, carries the exit window 12 for X-ray radiation.
  • the end parts 10 and 11 are closed at their ends and one carries an inlet port 13 for the coolant and the other an outlet port 14 for this liquid.
  • Parts 8 and 10 are connected through part 9.
  • the cooling fluid circulates in the space defined between the envelope 3 and the internal walls of the sheath 2 and is therefore in contact with the glass envelope 3 so as to cool it.
  • the electric power cables of the X-ray tube enter the sheath 2 through the orifice 19 for the cathode 4 and the orifice 20 for the anode 5.
  • the cooling of the tube is improved, in particular as regards temperature stability, by the installation in the circulation space 15 of a body 16, the latent heat of fusion of which is used.
  • This body 16 is contained in an envelope 17 so as to avoid its mixing with the cooling fluid.
  • this body is fixed to the internal wall of the central part 8 by bonding its envelope 17 to said wall.
  • the body 16 must be chosen in such a way that it presents a latent heat of fusion as high as possible and that its melting temperature is close to the average temperature that the cooling fluid would have in the absence of the body 16.
  • the dissipated power melts the body 16 and absorbs heat.
  • the rest phase it cools and solidifies, the two phenomena of melting or solidification occurring at a determined temperature which remains constant during their duration. This then results in great stability of the temperature of the assembly.
  • latent heat bodies which can be used are numerous, however, their ease of use in the field of X-ray tubes must be taken into account. In particular, it is necessary to avoid choosing latent heat bodies which are corrosive to -to the immediate environment, such as the metal of which the sheath is made, or more distant, such as the presence of a human being or electronic devices.
  • the envelope 17 of the body must be provided to allow an increase in volume of the body. It is the role of part 18 which constitutes the volume of expansion.
  • This consists of an annular bellows inserted in the metal casing 17 and disposed at one end thereof or at any other location of said casing.
  • This bellows can be made of materials such as stainless steel (corrugated pipe type), synthetic rubber, etc.
  • the latent heat body 16 can include elements with a high atomic number, such as bismuth, lead, etc., so as to produce an X-ray screen which is emitted in directions other than the window. outlet 12. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the sheath 2 at the level of the central part 8 and thus maintain the weight of the assembly at an acceptable value despite the increase in weight due to the body 16.
  • the body 16 cannot be placed anywhere in the circulation space; in particular it is not recommended to put it on the casing 3 of the tube 1 because this part must be rapidly cooled, which implies contact with the cooling fluid.
  • the advantages provided by the invention are mainly the following: - an increase in cooling power, all other things being equal; the cooling power is adapted to a power close to the average daily power (examination phases + rest phases) whereas in the devices of the prior art, it is adapted to the average power of the examination phase .
  • This allows in particular to reduce the size of the cooler; - better temperature stability of the sheath; - Its implementation does not require a significant increase in the dimensions of the sheath 2.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP89402607A 1988-10-07 1989-09-22 Kühlvorrichtungen von Röntgenröhren Withdrawn EP0363248A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813195A FR2637732B1 (fr) 1988-10-07 1988-10-07 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de refroidissement de tubes a rayons x
FR8813195 1988-10-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363248A1 true EP0363248A1 (de) 1990-04-11

Family

ID=9370803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89402607A Withdrawn EP0363248A1 (de) 1988-10-07 1989-09-22 Kühlvorrichtungen von Röntgenröhren

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4995065A (de)
EP (1) EP0363248A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2834222B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2637732B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0456539A1 (de) * 1990-05-11 1991-11-13 General Electric Cgr S.A. Röntgenstrahlerzeuger mit schnell und einfach wechselbarer Röhre

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675630B1 (fr) * 1991-04-17 1993-07-16 Gen Electric Cgr Dispositif de blindage d'un stator de moteur pour anode tournante de tube a rayons x.
FR2679762B1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-11-05 General Electric Cgr Sa Dispositif de securite dans un appareil de radiologie.
FR2700657B1 (fr) * 1993-01-15 1995-02-17 Gen Electric Cgr Ensemble radiogène.
US5530733A (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-06-25 General Electric Company Target/stem connection utilizing a diffusion enhancer for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5577093A (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-11-19 General Electric Company Target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5498187A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-03-12 General Electric Company Method of making an improved target/stem assembly - rotor body assembly connection for x-ray tubes
US5498186A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-03-12 General Electric Company Method of making an improved target/stem connection for x-ray tube anode assemblies
US5655000A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-08-05 General Electric Company Target/rotor connection for use in x-ray tubes
US5795207A (en) * 1995-10-31 1998-08-18 General Electric Company Glass to metal interface X-ray tube
JPH1140070A (ja) * 1997-07-16 1999-02-12 Sony Corp プロジェクタ用の液冷型陰極線管
DE19945416C1 (de) * 1999-09-22 2001-04-26 Siemens Ag Kühleinrichtung für einen Röntgenstrahler
JP4621324B2 (ja) * 1999-12-24 2011-01-26 株式会社日立メディコ Ｘ線管装置
US7062017B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2006-06-13 Varian Medical Syatems, Inc. Integral cathode
US7006602B2 (en) * 2003-09-25 2006-02-28 General Electric Company X-ray tube energy-absorbing apparatus
JP4529666B2 (ja) 2004-03-03 2010-08-25 株式会社デンソー 負荷駆動装置及び負荷駆動制御方法
US7924983B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-04-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Thermionic emitter designed to control electron beam current profile in two dimensions
US8675819B2 (en) * 2010-09-27 2014-03-18 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Integral liquid-coolant passageways in an x-ray tube

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959685A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-05-25 Konieczynski Ronald D Heat sink target
GB1527813A (en) * 1976-06-02 1978-10-11 Emi Ltd Cooling x-ray apparatus
US4300622A (en) * 1978-06-16 1981-11-17 Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Discharging a latent-heat accumulator
US4383576A (en) * 1979-08-02 1983-05-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Process of accumulation and restitution of heat
EP0196699A1 (de) * 1985-03-20 1986-10-08 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Projektionsfernsehbildröhre
EP0268516A1 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-25 General Electric Cgr S.A. Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Röntgenröhre

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959685A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-05-25 Konieczynski Ronald D Heat sink target
GB1527813A (en) * 1976-06-02 1978-10-11 Emi Ltd Cooling x-ray apparatus
US4300622A (en) * 1978-06-16 1981-11-17 Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Discharging a latent-heat accumulator
US4383576A (en) * 1979-08-02 1983-05-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Process of accumulation and restitution of heat
EP0196699A1 (de) * 1985-03-20 1986-10-08 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Projektionsfernsehbildröhre
EP0268516A1 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-25 General Electric Cgr S.A. Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer Röntgenröhre

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0456539A1 (de) * 1990-05-11 1991-11-13 General Electric Cgr S.A. Röntgenstrahlerzeuger mit schnell und einfach wechselbarer Röhre
FR2662023A1 (fr) * 1990-05-11 1991-11-15 Gen Electric Cgr Source radiogene permettant un remplacement aise et rapide du tube a rayons x.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02155154A (ja) 1990-06-14
US4995065A (en) 1991-02-19
FR2637732A1 (fr) 1990-04-13
FR2637732B1 (fr) 1995-11-17
JP2834222B2 (ja) 1998-12-09

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