EP0363734B1 - Outil de forage avec hélice d'évacuation - Google Patents

Outil de forage avec hélice d'évacuation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363734B1
EP0363734B1 EP89117878A EP89117878A EP0363734B1 EP 0363734 B1 EP0363734 B1 EP 0363734B1 EP 89117878 A EP89117878 A EP 89117878A EP 89117878 A EP89117878 A EP 89117878A EP 0363734 B1 EP0363734 B1 EP 0363734B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
angle
pitch
drilling
drilling tool
flank angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89117878A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0363734A3 (fr
EP0363734A2 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch Power Tools GmbH
Original Assignee
Hawera Probst GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hawera Probst GmbH filed Critical Hawera Probst GmbH
Publication of EP0363734A2 publication Critical patent/EP0363734A2/fr
Publication of EP0363734A3 publication Critical patent/EP0363734A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0363734B1 publication Critical patent/EP0363734B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • E21B10/445—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts percussion type, e.g. for masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/58—Chisel-type inserts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
    • Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
    • Y10T408/9095—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges with axially extending relief channel
    • Y10T408/9097—Spiral channel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a drilling tool of the generic type has become known from EP-B1-0 126 409.
  • the drilling dust groove does not run with a constant slope over its entire length. Rather, it has its smallest slope in the area of the drill head, while it preferably has a continuously increasing slope in the remaining area. This avoids the constant spacing of the cross-sectional jumps that exist in drilling tools with a constant pitch, which result when the drilling dust groove transitions to the helix bars.
  • cross-sectional jumps that are constant in their spacing cause disadvantages with regard to vibration superposition, resonance phenomena and sound emission.
  • the known device proposes therefore, there is a constantly changing slope of the conveyor helix.
  • partial areas with constant incline are also provided, but which extend over a different number of pitch heights.
  • the core of the known device is to obtain a conveyor helix with a small pitch in the area of the drill head and thus a large lateral support surface as the drill guide surface.
  • this slope should increase continuously or continuously in the direction of the drill chuck.
  • columns 5 to 7 also describe that the drilling dust grooves in the range of small pitch angles, i.e. H. in particular in the drill head area, have an almost rectangular cross section, the respective back surface or outer lateral surface of the grooved web forming almost a right-angled flank angle to the drilling dust support surface.
  • the drilling dust grooves in the range of small pitch angles i.e. H. in particular in the drill head area
  • have an almost rectangular cross section the respective back surface or outer lateral surface of the grooved web forming almost a right-angled flank angle to the drilling dust support surface.
  • the helical area with a small slope relatively wide drilling dust support surfaces for the resulting drilling dust and thus reliable removal grooves for the drilling dust are formed.
  • the known publication also states that the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the drilling dust grooves is not required in the region of a large groove pitch. With increasing helix in the direction of the drill clamping end, the drilling dust bearing surface adjoining the lateral back surface of the groove webs becomes ever narrower, the initially rectangular flank angle increasing more and more, and finally forms only a curved connection to the respective back surface. Due to the increasing cross-section of the grooving groove, a sufficient feed and transport of drilling dust is guaranteed.
  • This known publication therefore shows drilling dust grooves with a changing gradient, the bearing surface of the drilling dust groove being formed in areas with a low gradient as a wide bearing surface which is almost perpendicular to the lateral back surface of the groove webs, while this with increasing gradient as a narrowing bearing surface with a gradually curved transition to the lateral one Back surface of the grooved runs.
  • the surface normal, i.e. H. the vertical force vector on this drilling dust bearing surface therefore changes its direction as the incline changes.
  • a representation of such drilling dust grooves is shown in DE-B-'en 1 291 707, 19 27 754.
  • the drilling dust bearing surfaces are shown as undercut, bulbous or pocket-shaped curves, the radially outer transition surface of which to the lateral surface of the drill shell or back surface includes an acute flank angle, which is also approximately 90 °, preferably 75 ° to 80 ° (see DE-C-19 27 754, Column 4, line 37 ff.). If this specified flank angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 °, the undercut drilling groove is designated with a "positive" flank angle. If the transition from the wing to the side forms an angle ⁇ > 90 °, this is referred to as a "negative" flank angle.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a drilling tool of the type described at the outset, while maintaining the advantages of the subject matter of EP-B-0 126 409, but the drilling dust extraction and thus the drilling performance are to be improved further.
  • the flank angle of the drilling dust support surface changes with the changing pitch of the conveying helix, the wide drilling dust supporting surface adjoining the axially parallel back surface of the groove web gradually changing with increasing helix of the conveying helix when the helix pitch is low into an arcuate, narrow wing for the drilling dust.
  • the initially rectangular flank angle to the back surface parallel to the axis becomes an obtuse angle> 90 °. This angle corresponds to the angle ⁇ in the document DE-C-19 27 754.
  • flank angle ⁇ Due to the increasing groove pitch, the flank angle ⁇ also becomes larger, so that the surface normal or the vertical force vector on the drilling dust support surface is directed ever more obliquely outwards and an outwardly directed, increasing radial force component is established.
  • drilling dust production with an outward radial force component behaves differently than that with a radially inward force component (positive flank angle), particularly with regard to increased wall friction between drilling dust and drill hole and the associated support effect between the drill hole and the drilling tool.
  • the present invention provides, in particular, that a change between a positive and negative flank angle ⁇ and thus a reversal of the direction of the radial force component initially directed inwards and then directed outwards occurs for each pitch height "h" of the feed helix pitch .
  • the drilling dust in the drilling dust groove ie on the drilling dust support surface
  • a changing radial, tangential and axial force action ie the radial, tangential and axial force vectors on the Drill dust particles change their size and the radial force vector also changes its direction within a pitch.
  • the changing flank angle ⁇ is achieved particularly expediently and simply by changing the groove pitch within a pitch "h". Compared to EP 0 126 409, however, it is not a steadily increasing incline that is chosen, but rather an incline that changes within a pitch or pitch "h", with a small pitch initially changing into a larger pitch and this in turn becoming a small pitch Slope runs out. As a result, the initially positive flank angle ( ⁇ ⁇ 90 °) changes to a negative flank angle ( ⁇ > 90 °) in order to then become positive again.
  • the change of the flank angle can, however, in principle also be produced with a constant slope, namely through a special tool configuration.
  • the drilling dust support surface according to the invention e.g. B. over 90 or 180 ° angular rotation in the flank angle or in the slope have constant or constantly changing wing sections, which, however, always begin at the drill head with a positive flank angle ( ⁇ ⁇ 90 °), which changes into a negative flank angle ( ⁇ > 90 °) and finally leads to a positive flank angle within a slope.
  • the gradient ratio between a large gradient height for a negative flank angle ( ⁇ > 90 °) and a low gradient height for a positive flank angle ( ⁇ ⁇ 90 °) is advantageously h2: h1 ⁇ 1.2 to 2.5 and is in particular at a value of h2: h1 ⁇ 1.6 ( ⁇ 2: ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1.2 - 2.5, especially ⁇ 1.6).
  • the drilling tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a drilling head 2 with hard metal cutting elements 3 and a drilling dust conveying helix 4 adjoining the drilling head and an adjoining drill shaft 5.
  • the conveying helix is designed as a two-start conveying helix, i. H.
  • the conveyor spiral 4 is formed by two conveyor grooves 6, 7 arranged offset by 180 °.
  • the conveying grooves 6, 7 are delimited by the conveying spiral webs 8 with their outer, axially parallel back surfaces 9. A widening of the cross-section of the drilling tool accordingly occurs in this area.
  • a groove area with a low or low pitch angle is designated with ⁇ 1 and a groove area with a large pitch angle with ⁇ 2 in FIG.
  • ⁇ 1 a groove area with a low or low pitch angle
  • ⁇ 2 a groove area with a large pitch angle
  • the drilling dust carrying surfaces 10 of the drilling dust grooves 6, 7 are in their Shown in more detail. If the conveyor helix 4 has the small pitch angle ⁇ 1, the associated flank angle ⁇ 1 between the axially parallel back surface 9 of the conveyor helix webs 8 is less than 90 ° ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 90 °), so that one speaks of a positive flank angle. As a result, the drilling dust support surface 10 'is formed with an undercut, as is also shown in DE-PS 19 27 754. According to the sectional view II, this state is shown in radial section in FIG. 3.
  • the surface normal 11, i. H. the force vector 11 standing vertically on the drilling dust supporting surface 10 is inclined inward in the direction of the drill axis 15, which leads to a radially inward force component or force vector 12 and a tangential force vector 13 as a resultant of the force vector 11.
  • the area tangent to the drilling dust support surface is designated by reference numeral 14.
  • flank angle ⁇ 2 between drilling dust support surface 10 and the lateral, axial back surface 9 is greater than 90 ° ( ⁇ 2> 90 °) (support surface 10 ′′), this corresponds to the sectional view in FIG. 4.
  • This state is defined as a negative flank angle.
  • it is Surface normal 11 ', ie the force vector 11' perpendicular to the drilling dust bearing surface 10 '' or surface tangent 14 'is directed outwards, ie away from the drill symmetry plane 16, which leads to a radially outward force vector 12' and a tangential force vector 13 ' .
  • the radially outward force vector 12 ' causes the drilling dust particles to be accelerated outward.
  • the friction between the borehole and the drilling tool increases.
  • the surface tangent of the drilling dust support surface 10, 10 ', 10' ' is designated by reference numerals 14 and 14', respectively. This surface tilts back and forth like a rocker, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the force vectors 11, 12, 13 and 11 ', 12', 13 'entered in FIGS. 3 and 4 occur analogously due to the axial impact stress of the tool in FIG. 2 as axially, tangentially and radially acting force vectors.
  • these force vectors, each associated with the different drilling dust grooves 10 ', 10'', are also designated in FIG. 2 with the reference symbols according to FIGS. 3 and 4, although the magnitude of these force vectors differs from FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Fig. 5 the change within a pitch "h” is shown schematically in its development.
  • the first Bohrmehlnut 6 this begins at the drill head 2 with the flat pitch angle ⁇ 1 (Bohrmehlnut 6 ') and goes after a rotation angle of the drilling tool of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 90 ° into the steeper pitch angle ⁇ 2.
  • This area is identified in FIG. 1 by reference number 6.
  • This area is identified by 6 ′′ in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the pitch angle changes from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2 within a pitch, with a total change in pitch heights after each angular rotation of 180 °.
  • the support areas 6 ', 6, 6' ' i. H. the angular ranges ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 formed as slope sections with a constant slope.
  • the gradient course can also be gradual, i. H. with a continuously changing slope.
  • Reference number 18 shows a conventional gradient with a constant gradient over a pitch.
  • the drill head 2 has a V-shaped or triangular cross-section, as is shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the two side flanks 19, 20 of the drill head 2 are flat or concave in order to form the transition to the drill dust grooves 6, 7.
  • the one-piece main cutting plate 21 forms the bisector to the two side flanks 19, 20, wherein an additional secondary cutting plate 22 can preferably be arranged at an acute angle ⁇ to the main cutting plate 21.
  • the secondary cutting plate 22 can also be roof-shaped like the main cutting plate 21.
  • the angle ⁇ is approximately 40 to 70 °.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment shown and described. Rather, it also encompasses all professional training courses without their own inventive content.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Outil de forage utilisable dans des machines d'entraînement à percussion axiale pour forer dans de la roche, du béton ou analogue, comportant une tête de forage, une hélice d'évacuation en forme de spirale à un ou deux filets s'y raccordant, et un arbre de fixation s'y raccordant, la gorge pour la poussière de forage de l'hélice d'évacuation présentant, sur sa longueur, des angles d'inclinaison différents et/ou la surface de support de la poussière de forage présentant un angle de flanc β se modifiant, par rapport à la surface dorsale, parallèle à l'axe, de la nervure de la gorge,
    caractérisé en ce que la surface de support de la poussière de forage (10,10',10'') de l'hélice d'évacuation (4,6,7) présente, sur un pas hélicoïdal "h", un angle de flanc β se modifiant de façon continue ou intermittente, l'angle de flanc passant d'une valeur β<90° à une valeur β>90° et, ensuite, à la valeur initiale.
  2. Outil de forage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la modification de l'angle de flanc β est produite par une modification de l'inclinaison α de l'hélice d'évacuation, un angle de flanc positif (β1<90°) étant associé à un petit angle d'inclinaison (α1) et un angle de flanc négatif (β2>90°) à une plus grande inclinaison (α2) de l'hélice d'évacuation.
  3. Outil de forage selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison α de l'hélice d'évacuation de chaque gorge (6,7) pour la poussière de forage varie, sur un pas hélicoïdal "h", entre une valeur minimale α1 et une valeur maximale α2 et, ensuite, revient à la valeur minimale α1.
  4. Outil de forage selon la revendication 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le rapport des inclinaisons α2, α1 est de 1,2 à 2,5, en particulier 1,6 (α2 = 1,2 - 2,5 x α1).
  5. Outil de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que, sur un pas hélicoïdal "h", les plus petits angles d'inclinaison α1 s'étendent sur un angle périphérique de 2 x γ1 ∼ 90°), et le plus grand angle d'inclinaison α2, se trouvant entre eux, s'étend sur un angle périphérique de γ2 ∼ 180°.
  6. Outil de forage selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que, sur les tronçons périphériques γ1,γ2, l'inclinaison α1, α2 de l'hélice d'évacuation est constante.
  7. Outil de forage selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que, sur les tronçons périphériques γ1,γ2, l'inclinaison α1, α2 de l'hélice d'évacuation varie de façon continue.
  8. Outil de forage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que la tête de forage présente une section transversale en forme de V ou triangulaire, avec deux flancs latéraux (19,20) plats ou concaves en tant que transition aux gorges (6,7) pour la poussière de forage, la plaquette de coupe principale en une pièce (21) formant la bissectrice par rapport aux deux flancs latéraux et, de préférence, au moins une plaquette de coupe auxiliaire (22) étant prévue en formant un angle aigu par rapport à la plaquette de coupe principale (21).
EP89117878A 1988-10-12 1989-09-27 Outil de forage avec hélice d'évacuation Expired - Lifetime EP0363734B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3834675 1988-10-12
DE3834675A DE3834675A1 (de) 1988-10-12 1988-10-12 Bohrwerkzeug

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363734A2 EP0363734A2 (fr) 1990-04-18
EP0363734A3 EP0363734A3 (fr) 1991-03-06
EP0363734B1 true EP0363734B1 (fr) 1993-05-05

Family

ID=6364917

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117878A Expired - Lifetime EP0363734B1 (fr) 1988-10-12 1989-09-27 Outil de forage avec hélice d'évacuation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4967855A (fr)
EP (1) EP0363734B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3834675A1 (fr)

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US5704745A (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-01-06 Credo Tool Company Chuck sleeve insert for a drill
US5915485A (en) * 1997-01-13 1999-06-29 Mcatavey; Dennis B. Ski post hole auger bit
DE19707115A1 (de) * 1997-02-22 1998-08-27 Hilti Ag Bohr- und/oder Meisselwerkzeug
US5931615A (en) * 1997-04-03 1999-08-03 Credo Tool Company Twist drill bit
DE19753731A1 (de) * 1997-12-04 1999-06-10 Hawera Probst Gmbh Gesteinsbohrwerkzeug
DE19841978C2 (de) * 1998-09-14 2000-11-23 Heller Dinklage Gmbh Geb Bohrer
US6321861B1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2001-11-27 Henry S. Leichter Auger
US6164876A (en) * 1999-10-30 2000-12-26 Tungsten Industries, Inc Cutting tool
DE10011108A1 (de) * 2000-03-09 2001-09-13 Hawera Probst Gmbh Gesteinsbohrer
FR2808462B1 (fr) * 2000-05-05 2002-09-20 Diager Foret de percage
DE10047332A1 (de) 2000-09-25 2002-04-11 Hilti Ag Werkzeug mit Wendel
DE10053342A1 (de) * 2000-10-27 2002-05-08 Hilti Ag Wendelbohrer
DE20108179U1 (de) 2001-05-15 2001-07-26 Plica Werkzeugfabrik Ag, Mollis Bohrer
DE10243403A1 (de) * 2002-09-18 2004-04-01 Hawera Probst Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkzeugs, insbesondere eines Bohrers oder Fräsers
US20030185640A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Eiji Ito Multiple rake drill bits
GB2393681A (en) * 2002-10-03 2004-04-07 Black & Decker Inc Masonry drilling tool
EP1512476B1 (fr) * 2003-09-08 2013-10-09 Black & Decker Inc. Foret à auto-centrage avec pointe pilote
CA2646534C (fr) * 2006-03-23 2013-01-15 Technische Universitaet Dresden Fraiseuse cylindrique a lame de coupe de forme helicoidale
US20090148250A1 (en) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-11 Wayne Chappell Drill Bit
US8074561B2 (en) * 2008-06-24 2011-12-13 Pio Galbis Device and method for cleaning a french or coffee press
US7861807B2 (en) * 2008-12-03 2011-01-04 Black & Decker Inc. Drill bit including one piece cutting head
JP5067441B2 (ja) * 2009-06-30 2012-11-07 イビデン株式会社 切削ドリル及びプリント配線板の製造方法
EP2502708B1 (fr) 2011-03-22 2017-02-01 Black & Decker Inc. Ciseaux
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US9333564B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-05-10 Black & Decker Inc. Drill bit
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RU2682281C2 (ru) * 2013-10-25 2019-03-18 НЭШНЛ ОЙЛВЕЛЛ ВАРКО, Эл.Пи. Скважинные звенья очистки ствола и способ их применения
DE102014108219B4 (de) * 2014-06-12 2020-12-17 Kennametal Inc. Rotationswerkzeug sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotationswerkzeugs
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5641028A (en) * 1995-08-10 1997-06-24 Black & Decker Inc. Drill bit with debris conveying flute

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58904273D1 (de) 1993-06-09
US4967855A (en) 1990-11-06
EP0363734A3 (fr) 1991-03-06
DE3834675A1 (de) 1990-04-19
EP0363734A2 (fr) 1990-04-18

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