EP0386427A2 - Installation à arc électrique pour la pulvérisation à haut rendement de fils pleins ou de remplissage - Google Patents

Installation à arc électrique pour la pulvérisation à haut rendement de fils pleins ou de remplissage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386427A2
EP0386427A2 EP19900101386 EP90101386A EP0386427A2 EP 0386427 A2 EP0386427 A2 EP 0386427A2 EP 19900101386 EP19900101386 EP 19900101386 EP 90101386 A EP90101386 A EP 90101386A EP 0386427 A2 EP0386427 A2 EP 0386427A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
arc spraying
spraying system
nozzles
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19900101386
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0386427A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Hermann Busse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Busse Karl-Hermann
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0386427A2 publication Critical patent/EP0386427A2/fr
Publication of EP0386427A3 publication Critical patent/EP0386427A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arc spraying system for high-performance spraying of solid and cored wires.
  • an atomizer nozzle arranged centrally behind the melting wire electrodes or an additional nozzle is used which gives an atomizing gas flow acting in the radial direction on the spray jet (DE 3533966, DE 2821889 and EP 0051869).
  • the achievable speed of the atomizing gas at the melting point at the height of the wire tips is a maximum of approx. 300 m / s and the spray particle speed between approx. 30 - 80 m / s (conference proceedings "2nd Int. Conf. On Surface Engineering", England, 1987, paper 39), although to achieve good adherent, dense and homogeneous protective layers a higher gas and particle speed, as with other thermal spray processes with a lower application rate, eg plasma spraying and high-speed flame spraying (magazine "face und JOT ", year 1988, issue 9, Pages 30 to 39) is required. In this way, in particular a finer atomization and a higher kinetic energy of the spray particles are achieved on impact on the workpiece to be coated.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the invention has for its object to develop an arc spraying system for high-performance spraying of solid and cored wires, which in particular in a cost-effective manner, i.e. With high application rates, the reinforcement of large components, such as rollers, shafts, containers, with high-quality wear and corrosion-resistant protective layers.
  • an arc spraying system is used for high-performance spraying, which is equipped with two separately controllable nozzles for accelerating and atomizing the spray particles (melt), which produce two independent supersonic flows.
  • a controlled expansion of the atomizing gas is achieved by using two independently adjustable nozzles in the form of so-called Laval nozzles. This makes it possible to keep the energy dissipation small and to achieve supersonic gas velocity, i.e. the momentum transfer of the atomizing gas to the spray particles is significantly increased.
  • the atomizing gas used is preferably preheated by means of electrically heated heat exchangers before entering the nozzles inside and / or outside the spray gun belonging to the arc system.
  • the expandability and thus the exit speed of the atomizing gas are drastically increased as a result of the increase in volume of the atomizing gas associated with this preheating, and finer atomization and a considerable increase in the speed of the spray particles are achieved even with very high electrical power consumption by the spray gun.
  • the contact nozzles with springs e.g. made of steel or bronze.
  • the contact nozzles are inside by a gas flow independent of the atomizing gas, e.g. Air, argon, nitrogen or other fluids such as water are cooled.
  • a gas flow independent of the atomizing gas e.g. Air, argon, nitrogen or other fluids such as water are cooled.
  • the spray gun is equipped with a wire feed device, in which the contact pressure of the feed rollers can be adjusted continuously, or a wire feed device is used which conveys the wire outside the gun in the same way.
  • the pneumatically or electrically operated wire feed is steplessly controlled by servomotors independently for both wires and the position of the contact nozzles separately for each contact nozzle .
  • a high-melting ceramic cap preferably made of aluminum oxide, is used to guide both wires to close to the melting point. A centering of the wire tips is also possible with the aid of manually or electromotive actuating screws acting on the contact nozzles.
  • the length and / or the geometric shape of the arc is used as a measure. Values from arithmetic operations with one or both of these variables can also be used for this regulation.
  • the respective arc voltage and / or the current are preferably electronically compared with a predetermined setpoint. In order to maintain this setpoint, the feed speed of one spray wire or both spray wires is varied.
  • a transferred arc can be used for preheating the workpiece to be coated and for arc spraying.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that high-quality wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant protective layers can be produced with the described arc spraying system at high application rates by spraying solid and cored wires.
  • this arc spraying system for high-performance spraying compared to other conventional methods of thermal spraying, with which comparable high-quality layers can be produced, such as plasma spraying or high-speed flame spraying, application rates which are up to 10 times higher, i.e. up to approx. 30 kg / h, with system costs reduced by a factor of 3-6 at the same time.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show diagrammatic representations of a spray gun belonging to the arc spraying system in section.
  • the spray gun generally designated 1
  • These nozzles are supplied with the atomizing gas independently of one another by two infinitely variable supply lines 7, 8 using needle, ball or solenoid valves (not shown in the drawing).
  • a gas velocity of up to about 500 m / s is achieved and at the same time by using inert and active gases, such as argon, nitrogen, methane, natural gas or their gas mixtures, as the enveloping gas the erosion of alloy elements due to the resulting reduction in oxidation by the surrounding atmosphere is considerably reduced.
  • inert and active gases such as argon, nitrogen, methane, natural gas or their gas mixtures
  • a high-melting ceramic cap 13 is preferably used. Centering of the spray wires 9, 10 is also possible with the aid of adjusting screws 15 acting on contact nozzles 14.
  • the contact nozzles 14 used for the current transmission to the spray wires 9, 10, preferably made of copper, have steel or bronze springs 16 on the inside for low-loss and low-wear transmission of the electrical current.
  • these are used to increase the electrical power consumption and to achieve a small size of the spray gun 1 by means of a further gas stream 17 which is independent of the atomizing gas, e.g. consisting of air, argon, nitrogen, cooled inside.
  • the arc spray gun for preheating the atomizing gas is preferably equipped with two separately controllable electrical heat exchangers 18.
  • This preheating up to approx. 750 ° C increases the speed of the atomizing gas by more than 100% compared to conventional spray guns, i.e. up to approx. Achieve 800 m / s.
  • the two spray wires 9, 10 are transported during the spraying process with a wire feed device, preferably consisting of four driven feed rollers 19 and four idle rollers 20.
  • the contact pressure of the pneumatically or electrically driven ones Feed rollers 19 are continuously adjustable depending on the ductility, the mechanical stability and the diameter of the wires used.
  • process-dependent parameters preferably the arc voltage, which is a measure of the length and / or geometric shape of the arc 12 blown by the atomizing gas, are used as a measure of the feed control 24 via a measuring transducer 25 and an analog-digital converter 26 with a microcomputer Memory 27 supplied.
  • the input data are compared with the target values specified by an operator unit 28. The resulting differences between target and actual values are calculated numerically and fed to the feed control 24 via a digital-to-analog converter 29 to correct the wire feed.
  • the spray wire 9 is advanced more quickly via the feed control 24 with the aid of the servo motor 22 in order to achieve the desired value of the voltage.
  • the advance of the spray wire 9 is slowed down until the target value is set.
  • the feed speed of the feed motor 23 for the spray wire 10 remains constant during the control process.
  • the position of the contact nozzles 14 can be regulated in the same way.
  • control loops 30, 31, 32 can be seen for further explanation. As shown in the following, these can intervene in the workflow during the application of the coating via parameter acquisition and process control.
  • the control circuit 30 thus enables the two contact nozzles 14 to be positioned independently of one another via an electromechanical adjustment (not shown in the drawing) in the x-y-z direction. In this way, in addition to the feed control 24 of the spray wires 9, 10, it is possible to center the wire tips at the level of the melting point 11 in a simple manner and to quickly achieve a stable arc 12.
  • this control circuit 30 independently detects the temperature and pressure of the atomizing gas for both high-speed nozzles 4, 5 and the temperature of the internally cooled contact nozzles 14.
  • the contact pressure of the feed rollers 19 and the slip between the feed speed of the spray wires 9, 10 and the speed of the feed rollers 19 are controlled independently by the control circuit 31 for both spray wires 9, 10.
  • the workpiece 33 to be coated can be positioned in the x-y-z direction via servo drives (not shown in the drawing) and the temperature of a workpiece 33 can be detected.
  • Negative or positive electrical polarity of the workpiece 33 relative to the spray wires 9, 10 also makes it possible to preheat the workpiece 33 or arc spray by means of a transmitted arc 35, for example by contact or high-frequency ignition and using an electronically controllable current source 34.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the configuration of a high-speed ring nozzle 36 with a blind cap 37 for further explanation.
  • the outflow angle 39 of the high-speed ring nozzle 35 can also be 3-38 ° in order to be able to exert stronger shear forces on the spray particles 2 and thereby achieve a finer atomization.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP19900101386 1989-01-31 1990-01-24 Installation à arc électrique pour la pulvérisation à haut rendement de fils pleins ou de remplissage Withdrawn EP0386427A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3902736 1989-01-31
DE19893902736 DE3902736A1 (de) 1989-01-31 1989-01-31 Lichtbogenspritzanlage zum hochleistungsspritzen von massiv- und fuelldraehten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386427A2 true EP0386427A2 (fr) 1990-09-12
EP0386427A3 EP0386427A3 (fr) 1991-09-18

Family

ID=6373093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900101386 Withdrawn EP0386427A3 (fr) 1989-01-31 1990-01-24 Installation à arc électrique pour la pulvérisation à haut rendement de fils pleins ou de remplissage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0386427A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3902736A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2162749C2 (ru) * 1999-01-05 2001-02-10 Государственное объединение "Уральский завод транспортного машиностроения" Устройство для электродуговой металлизации
DE10204252A1 (de) * 2002-02-02 2003-08-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Spitzpistole zum Lichtbogenspritzen
DE102005012360A1 (de) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Daimlerchrysler Ag Lichtbogendrahtbrenner
WO2007091102A1 (fr) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 The Boc Group Plc Appareil de pulverisation cinetique et procede
EP2468914A1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à l'injection à arc électrique
CN113957377A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 卡贝尼新材料科技(上海)有限公司 电弧喷涂金属涂层的工艺方法及系统

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4042276A1 (de) * 1990-12-31 1992-07-02 Castolin Sa Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen von schutzschichten
RU2254933C2 (ru) * 2003-08-12 2005-06-27 Литовченко Николай Николаевич Электродуговой металлизатор
DE102008004607A1 (de) * 2008-01-16 2009-05-28 Daimler Ag Lichtbogendrahtbrenner
CN107930885A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-04-20 代卫东 一种可旋转内孔双丝电弧喷枪
RU2687905C1 (ru) * 2018-12-19 2019-05-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Электродуговой металлизатор "Дракон"
CN110038747B (zh) * 2019-04-17 2022-04-15 广东工业大学 一种电弧喷枪

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB210759A (en) * 1923-02-03 1924-09-11 Electroquimica De Flix Soc Improvements in apparatus for spraying and projecting molten metals
US3358114A (en) * 1962-08-07 1967-12-12 Inoue Kiyoshi Method of and apparatus for the electric spray-coating of substrates
US3546415A (en) * 1968-11-07 1970-12-08 Flame Spray Ind Inc Electric arc metallizing device
CH593754A5 (fr) * 1976-01-15 1977-12-15 Castolin Sa
GB1554820A (en) * 1978-05-11 1979-10-31 Yoshagiken Kk Electric arc spraying apparatus
US4370538A (en) * 1980-05-23 1983-01-25 Browning Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for ultra high velocity dual stream metal flame spraying

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2162749C2 (ru) * 1999-01-05 2001-02-10 Государственное объединение "Уральский завод транспортного машиностроения" Устройство для электродуговой металлизации
DE10204252A1 (de) * 2002-02-02 2003-08-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Spitzpistole zum Lichtbogenspritzen
DE102005012360A1 (de) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Daimlerchrysler Ag Lichtbogendrahtbrenner
DE102005012360B4 (de) * 2005-03-17 2009-09-03 Daimler Ag Lichtbogendrahtbrenner
WO2007091102A1 (fr) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 The Boc Group Plc Appareil de pulverisation cinetique et procede
EP2468914A1 (fr) 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à l'injection à arc électrique
CN113957377A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 卡贝尼新材料科技(上海)有限公司 电弧喷涂金属涂层的工艺方法及系统
CN113957377B (zh) * 2021-10-20 2023-09-01 卡贝尼新材料科技(上海)有限公司 电弧喷涂金属涂层的工艺方法及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3902736A1 (de) 1990-08-02
EP0386427A3 (fr) 1991-09-18

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