EP0450030A1 - Unite electro-acoustique pour la production de hautes intensites soniques et ultra-soniques dans des gaz et des interphases - Google Patents

Unite electro-acoustique pour la production de hautes intensites soniques et ultra-soniques dans des gaz et des interphases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0450030A1
EP0450030A1 EP19900915472 EP90915472A EP0450030A1 EP 0450030 A1 EP0450030 A1 EP 0450030A1 EP 19900915472 EP19900915472 EP 19900915472 EP 90915472 A EP90915472 A EP 90915472A EP 0450030 A1 EP0450030 A1 EP 0450030A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit according
electroacoustic unit
phase
power
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19900915472
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0450030B1 (fr
Inventor
Juan Antonio Gallego Juarez
Germán RODRIGUEZ CORRAL
José Luis SAN EMETERIO PRIETO
Fausto Instituto De Teledeteccion Montoya Vitini
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
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Publication date
Priority claimed from ES8903371A external-priority patent/ES2017285A6/es
Application filed by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC filed Critical Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
Publication of EP0450030A1 publication Critical patent/EP0450030A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0450030B1 publication Critical patent/EP0450030B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
    • B06B1/0238—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave
    • B06B1/0246—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal
    • B06B1/0253—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal taken directly from the generator circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B3/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving focusing or reflecting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general

Definitions

  • the object of this patent is an electroacoustic unit for efficient generating of high acoustic intensities in gas media and in interphases (gas-solid, gas-liquid.)
  • Generating high intensity ultrasonic sonic waves in gases involves outstanding difficulties that are basically connected to the low acoustic impedance of the medium (product of the intensity by the propagation velocity) and the high absorption of the same. Therefore, in order to obtain efficient transmitting of acoustic energy a good coupling between the transmitting system and the gas is necessary. Besides, in order to reach high intensities high vibration amplitudes are required and the acoustic beam must be very directional or focalized.
  • sonic and ultrasonic generators for use in gases.
  • aerodynamic systems such as whistles and sirens, in which the energy is supplied by a stream of gas.
  • the acoustic powers reached with these systems may be high, however, the yields that are obtained are generally low.
  • Acoustic signals transmitted are complex and have difficulties in reaching ultrasonic frequencies.
  • aerodynamic systems have the disadvantage that, along with acoustic radiation, a large amount of gas coming from the transmitter is propagated.
  • the present invention refers to an electroacoustic unit that consists of a transducer system and an electronic feed device.
  • the radiating element is a flexional type, but it has a structure having a discontinuous profile.
  • the vibration amplitude and the radiation phase are modified in such a way that all the vibrating areas directly contribute to the construction of the acoustic field with a configuration that may be predetermined.
  • the same radiating element it is possible to obtain two different configurations of the acoustic field, in correspondence with the different profile of each one of the surfaces of the same.
  • FIG. 1 shows the directivity diagram of the transducer radiating at its directional surface
  • Figure 2 shows the axial and transversal distribution (in the focus) of the acoustic field transmitted by the focalizing surface.
  • P represents the acoustic pressure amplitude and D the distance in centimeters.
  • the transducer system ( Figure 3) consists essentially of a transducer element (1) that can be piezoelectric or magnetostrictive, a mechanical vibration amplifier (2), which may be exponential, stepped, conical or catenoid, and a radiator which is a plate having a discontinuous profile on the two surfaces (3) thereof.
  • the longitudinal vibration generated by the transducer element and amplified by the mechanical amplifier serves to excite the radiating element in one of its flexional modes.
  • obtaining directional fields is achieved by displacing alternatively internodal crowns in medium radiation wave length in the medium, for the purpose of putting the entire beam in phase.
  • focalized fields are obtained by displacing the internodal crowns in such a way that the distance from the center of said areas to the focal point is such that the radiation arrives in phase said point situated in the field close to the radiator. It is obvious that by varying the length of displacement of the internodal crowns adequately practically any distribution of the acoustic field that is desired can be achieved.
  • radiators with a double discontinuous profile aside from the usefulness that is represented by having two configurations of the acoustic field, favors in general lines a more homogeneous distribution of the vibration amplitudes, in comparison with a flat radiator, as a result of the mass distribution. This results in a greater power capacity of the transducer systems which, in the structure that is presented here, is produced by the maximum vibration amplitude which the radiator can develop without breaking.
  • the radiators that are presented here must be made out of metals or metal alloys which, like the ones of titanium, have good vibratory features and high mechanical resistance.
  • the three basic parts that form it have to be well tuned to the work frequency.
  • the system turns out to be highly resonant and, given that the conditions of the medium or by heating the frequency can vary with time, an electronic excitation device with very specific requirements is necessary.
  • the generating system aside from producing in each instant a signal whose frequency is situated within a very narrow band (corresponding to the resonance margin of the transmitter used), it is capable of automatically correcting the value of said frequency by adapting it to the slipping produced in the resonance band of the transmitter, as the reactive mechanical load associated to the latter varies for different conditions of the radiated medium and of the transmitter device itself.
  • the presently used systems for excitation of this type of transducer are based on analogic type oscillator assemblies, formed by a power amplifier refed by the ultrasonic transducer itself by means of a tuned bridge circuit, a phase shifter, a limiter and a band pass filter.
  • This type of system has a rather critical performance above all in the initial instants of transmission, also requiring the use of components having a very high precision, as well as including several adjustment points, that have to be adjusted individually for each different ultrasonic transmitter that is connected.
  • the generator object of the present patent introduces a new process for following up the resonance frequence of the transmitter, which does not need the transducer to be introduced in the refeed loop of the oscilating circuit.
  • the process is based on the fact that a sonic or ultrasonic transmitter of the piezoelectric type has a purely resistive electric impedance when it vibrates in the central point of its resonance band (assuming that there has been a compensation of the reactive component associated with the interelectrodic capacity of the transducer.)
  • a considerable reactive component rapidly appears.
  • only the voltage and intensity signals in the transducer will have a negative phase displacement at the resonance frequency.
  • the generator accomodates the frequency of the signal at the point in which said phase displacement is cancelled so that resonance is produced.
  • Sonic and ultrasonic transducers also have considerable resistance variations in terms of the temperature of the ceramics, which changes extensively during operation due to heating.
  • the described system also includes a circuit which measures the power delivered by the transducer to the load and estabilization thereof.
  • the generating system consists of the following basic steps:
  • Fig 4.- A general block diagram of the electronic generator. It includes the transformation, power amplification, generation, automatic frequency control and power control steps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

Nouvelle unité électro-acoustique permettant de produire efficacement des intensités soniques et ultrasoniques élevées dans des milieux gazeux et dans des interphases (gaz-solide, gaz-liquide). Cette unité est constituée d'un système électromécanique de transduction dont l'élément radiant est une plaque (3) ayant un profil discontinu et d'un dispositif électronique pour la production régulée du signal de puissance électrique. L'unité est capable de produire des champs acoustiques de très haute intensité avec une configuration prédéterminée. En particulier, cette unité est capable de produire avec un même système transducteur deux configurations distinctes du champ acoustique. Des prototypes pour produire des champs directionnels et focalisés ont été développés.
EP19900915472 1989-10-06 1990-10-03 Unite electro-acoustique pour la production de hautes intensites soniques et ultra-soniques dans des gaz et des interphases Expired - Lifetime EP0450030B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES8903371A ES2017285A6 (es) 1989-10-06 1989-10-06 Equipo electroacustico para la generacion de altas intensidades sonicas y ultrasonicas en gases e interfases.
ES8903371 1989-10-06
PCT/ES1990/000033 WO1991005331A1 (fr) 1989-10-06 1990-10-03 Unite electro-acoustique pour la production de hautes intensites soniques et ultra-soniques dans des gaz et des interphases

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0450030A1 true EP0450030A1 (fr) 1991-10-09
EP0450030B1 EP0450030B1 (fr) 1994-07-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900915472 Expired - Lifetime EP0450030B1 (fr) 1989-10-06 1990-10-03 Unite electro-acoustique pour la production de hautes intensites soniques et ultra-soniques dans des gaz et des interphases

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EP (1) EP0450030B1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994020195A1 (fr) * 1993-03-11 1994-09-15 Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Chambre acoustique multifrequence pour l'agglomeration et la separation de particules en suspension dans des effluents gazeux
WO1996035340A1 (fr) * 1995-05-09 1996-11-14 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Procede et dispositif de deshydratation
US5769913A (en) * 1993-03-11 1998-06-23 Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas Multifrequency acoustic chamber for the agglomeration and separation of particles suspended in gaseous effluents
JP2009502466A (ja) * 2005-07-27 2009-01-29 コンセホ・スペリオール・デ・インベスティガシオネス・シエンティフィカス 空気に基づく液体の工業的消泡用マクロ音波発生器
CN101751916B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2012-12-19 清华大学 超声发声器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9105331A1 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994020195A1 (fr) * 1993-03-11 1994-09-15 Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Chambre acoustique multifrequence pour l'agglomeration et la separation de particules en suspension dans des effluents gazeux
US5769913A (en) * 1993-03-11 1998-06-23 Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas Multifrequency acoustic chamber for the agglomeration and separation of particles suspended in gaseous effluents
WO1996035340A1 (fr) * 1995-05-09 1996-11-14 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Procede et dispositif de deshydratation
BE1009377A3 (fr) * 1995-05-09 1997-03-04 Consejo Superior Investigacion Procede et dispositif de deshydratation.
JP2009502466A (ja) * 2005-07-27 2009-01-29 コンセホ・スペリオール・デ・インベスティガシオネス・シエンティフィカス 空気に基づく液体の工業的消泡用マクロ音波発生器
CN101751916B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2012-12-19 清华大学 超声发声器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0450030B1 (fr) 1994-07-27

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