EP0467505B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines Fluides - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines Fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0467505B1
EP0467505B1 EP91303873A EP91303873A EP0467505B1 EP 0467505 B1 EP0467505 B1 EP 0467505B1 EP 91303873 A EP91303873 A EP 91303873A EP 91303873 A EP91303873 A EP 91303873A EP 0467505 B1 EP0467505 B1 EP 0467505B1
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electrodes
electrically conductive
electrical insulator
fluid
treating
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French (fr)
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EP0467505A3 (en
EP0467505A2 (de
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Jack Kenneth Ibbott
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating electrically conductive fluid, that is fluid having some electroconductive capability. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for ionizing water having a high mineral content to prevent the precipitation of solids from the water which would tend to form a scale on the inner surface of piping through which the water flows, and to aid in the removal of a previously formed scale.
  • a scale mainly consisting of ferric oxide is deposited on the inner surface of the pipes thereby reducing the inner diameter of the pipes resulting in a reduced flow rate and water pressure.
  • the use of ionized water to remove such a scale is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • ionized water flows through piping having an oxide scale deposited on the inner surface thereof, the oxide scale is converted into a soft hydroxide (ferric hydroxide) which can be gradually removed.
  • U.S-A 4,902,391 discloses a method and apparatus developed by the present inventor for ionizing, with great efficiency, fluids having a high dissolved solid content for the purpose of eliminating the problems caused by the deposition of substances such as ferric particles on the inner surface of fluid piping.
  • two electrodes of electrically conductive materials having different electrochemical potentials e.g. aluminum and carbon electrodes, are used to provide a voltaic cell structure which employs fluid to be treated as the electrolyte of the cell, whereby the fluid is ionized owing to the electric potential of the electrodes.
  • the present inventor carried out tests, described below, to illustrate that when electric current flow through the fluid and between the electrodes is reduced, there is an improvement in the ability of the device to prevent the precipitation of solids (Ca, Mg and Si) dissolved in the fluid and thus prevent the formation of a scale, particularly a silica scale which is the most difficult type of scale to prevent.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus in which relatively little current is generated during the ionization of electrically conductive fluid between electrodes having different electrochemical potentials, whereby the precipitation of dissolved solids in even fluid having a high dissolved solid content level and high electroconductivity level can be prevented.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for treating fluid in which very little electric current is generated through the fluid to be treated between electrodes having different electrochemical potentials even when such electrodes cannot be spaced very far apart from one another, whereby any physical restraints imposed by a system in which the apparatus is to be employed do not diminish the effectiveness of the present invention in preventing the formation of a scale on the pipes of a system and the removal of such a previously deposited scale.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for treating electrically conductive fluid, said apparatus comprising: a positive electrode of electrically conductive material; a negative electrode of electrically conductive material that is spaced apart and electrically isolated from the electrically conductive material of said positive electrode, the electrically conductive materials of said electrodes having different electrochemical potentials such that when a body of electrically conductive fluid to be treated in the device extends between said electrodes, an electroconductive connection that develops an electroconductive potential between said electrodes is only established through the body of fluid whereby the fluid is ionized; and an electrical insulator disposed between said positive and said negative electrodes and extending across any shortest direct path between the spaced apart electrically conductive material of said electrodes, thereby inhibiting current flow in the body of fluid to be treated by the apparatus by causing the electroconductive connection between said electrodes to be established through the body of fluid along a path that extends around said electrical insulator so as to be longer than said any shortest direct path.
  • the invention also provides a method of treating electrically conductive fluid, said method comprising: providing a positive electrode of electrically conductive material, providing a negative electrode of electrically conductive material that is spaced apart and electrically isolated from the electrically conductive material of said positive electrode, and which has an electrochemical potential that is different from that of the electrically conductive material of said positive electrode; providing an electrical insulator between said positive and said negative electrodes that extends across any shortest direct path between the spaced apart electrically conductive material of said electrodes; and causing a body of fluid to flow over said electrodes and said electrical insulator so as to establish an electroconductive connection of said electrodes only through the body of fluid along a path that extends around said electrical insulator between said electrodes and that is longer than said any shortest direct path, thereby causing ionization of the body of fluid in a state of relatively little current flow through the body of fluid.
  • an electrical insulator disposed between electrically isolated positive and negative electrodes having different electrochemical potentials.
  • the electrical insulator extends across any shortest direct path between the spaced apart electrically conductive material of the electrodes.
  • current flow in a body of fluid to be treated between the electrodes is inhibited because the electroconductive connection between the electrodes is established only through the body of fluid along a path that extends around the electrical insulator so as to be longer than any shortest direct path between the electrodes.
  • the electrical insulator increases the path of resistance through the fluid between the electrodes by being interposed directly between the positive and negative electrodes, whereby such an increase in the resistive path restricts the current flow during ionization of the fluid.
  • the provision of the electrical insulator can increase the length of the resistive path between the electrodes and through the fluid such that the fluid can be effectively ionized with little current flow therethrough.
  • reference numeral 1 is used to designate a positive electrode of electrically conductive material while reference numeral 2 designates a negative electrode of electrically conductive material that is spaced apart and electrically isolated from the electrically conductive material of the positive electrode 1.
  • the electrically conductive materials of the positive 1 and negative 2 electrodes have different electrochemical potentials so that when a body of electrically conductive fluid to be treated flows in the direction of the arrows between the electrodes 1, 2, an electroconductive connection that develops an electroconductive potential between the electrodes is only established through the body of fluid whereby the fluid is ionized.
  • Reference numeral 3 designates an electrical insulator disposed between the positive 1 and negative 2 electrodes.
  • the purpose of the electrical insulator 3 is to create a relatively long resistive path through the body of fluid between the electrodes 1 and 2 which inhibits current flow through the body of fluid.
  • the tubular electrical insulator 3 is interposed between a rod-shaped positive electrode 1 and a tubular electrode 2.
  • the electrical insulator 3 extends across any shortest direct path between the electrodes 1 and 2, i.e. any path extending radially from the rod-shaped positive electrode 1 to the tubular negative electrode 2.
  • an electroconductive connection between the electrodes 1, 2 is established through the body of fluid along a path that extends around the ends of the electrical insulator 3.
  • the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2, and the electrical insulator 3 all have substantially the same length.
  • electrical insulator 3 terminates at the respective ends of the positive electrode 1 and negative electrode 2, a relatively short resistive path is provided between the electrodes and so, the effect of the electrical insulator 3 is limited. Although this apparatus does provide only a slight improvement when incorporated into small systems as compared to similar apparatus in which the electrical insulator 3 is not employed, it was found to be rather effective for relatively large systems.
  • the electrical insulator 3 extends longitudinally beyond the respective ends of the positive 1 and negative 2 electrodes. Therefore, current flow between the electrodes must occur through the body of fluid along a path of resistance that extends around the longitudinally extending ends of the electrical insulator 3.
  • the resistance is increased by approximately twice the difference between the length of the electrical insulator 3 and the length of the positive electrode 1 (or the negative electrode 2 of substantially equal length).
  • the electric current flow between the electrodes 1, 2 is reduced compared to the apparatus shown in Figure 1, the voltage potential is not reduced. When such an apparatus was employed in small units, excellent results were achieved with water having an electroconductivity level of 2,720 ⁇ S/cm.
  • the positive electrode 1 is tubular, and the electrical insulator 3 is radially interposed between and spaced from the radially innermost positive electrode 1 and the radially outermost tubular electrode 2.
  • the advantages of employing a tubular positive electrode 1, as compared to the rod-shaped positive electrode of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, are that the tubular electrode 1 offers less resistance to fluid flow and presents an increased surface area (inner and outer surfaces) over which the fluid can flow.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 3 can be used having smaller components than if the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 were to be used.
  • the electrical insulator 3 is spaced radially inwardly from the negative electrode 2, forming the radially outermost electrode, and is disposed around and in contact with the positive electrode 1 which forms the radially innermost electrode.
  • the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2 and the electrical insulator 3 have been described as having a tubular (circular) or polygonal (round) cross section. This is because such features particularly lend themselves to use in fluid piping and fluid containers which mostly have circular cross-sectional components.
  • the present invention also contemplates the use of plate electrodes as shown in the embodiment of Figure 5.
  • the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2 and the electrical insulator 3 are each a respective flat plate.
  • the electrical insulator 3 is disposed between the positive 1 and negative 2 electrodes and extends across any shortest direct path therebetween (in this case any path extending perpendicular to and between the flat plate electrodes 1, 2).
  • Such flat elements can be installed into a pipe having a square or rectangular cross section and provided with appropriate fittings at each end as attaching means for securing the pipe (apparatus) in-line to standard circular cross-sectional piping of a fluid system.
  • one of the positive and negative electrodes (the negative electrode 2 in Figure 6 and the positive electrode 1 in Figure 7) has substantially the same length as the electrical insulator 3 while the other of the electrodes (positive electrode 1 in Figure 6 and negative electrode 2 in Figure 7) is shorter than the electrical insulator 3 and said one of the electrodes.
  • FIG 8 A practical application of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 8.
  • the apparatus of Figure 8 includes a pipe 4 having flanges at the ends thereof which serve as attaching means for securing the apparatus in-line with piping of a fluid system.
  • an inner lining 5 of an electrically insulative material is provided between the pipe 1 and the outer surface of negative electrode 2.
  • Such an inner lining of electrically insulative material is necessary to prevent electrical contact between the pipe 4 and the negative electrode 2 which would tend to give rise to electrolysis and corrosion.
  • the positive electrode 1, the electrical insulator 3 and the negative electrode 2 are supported in a concentric relation by at least one electrically insulative supporting member 6.
  • Each electrically insulative supporting member 6 extends diametrically of the pipe 4 and supports the electrode 1 and the electrical insulator 3 within the pipe 4 without providing an electroconductive path between the electrodes 1, 2.
  • the electrical insulator 3 extends nearly the entire length of the pipe 4, beyond the respective ends of the electrodes 1, 2.
  • the pipe 4 can also be fabricated from PVC, in which case the inner lining 5 of electrically insulative material is not necessary.
  • the constituent elements of the present invention may be arranged in parallel, as shown in the apparatus of Figure 9 in which six individual units of constituent elements are integrated.
  • the outer five radially spaced units have a common negative electrode formed of a first tubular portion 2' of electrical conductive material and a plurality of flat plates 7 of electrically conductive material extending from the first tubular portion 2'.
  • the plurality of flat plates 7 extend radially inwardly of the first tubular portion 2' from locations spaced along an inner surface thereof so as to define a plurality of radial sectors within the tubular portion 2'.
  • a respective tube 3' of electrically insulative material is disposed in each of the sectors.
  • the positive electrode includes a respective rod 1' of electrically conductive material disposed within each tube 3' of electrically insulative material. Supporting members 6 of electrically insulative material are connected between each respective rod 1' and the respective tube 3' so as to support each rod 1' within a respective tube 3'.
  • the centralmost unit includes a second tubular portion 2'' of the negative electrode that is generally centrally located within the first tubular portion 2'.
  • the flat plates 7 of the negative electrode extend radially outwardly from the second tubular portion 2'' to the first tubular portion 2'.
  • a central tube 3'' of electrically insulative material is spaced radially inwardly of the second tubular portion 2'' of the negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode also includes a rod 1'' of electrically conductive material supported by the at least one supporting member 6 within the central tube 3'' of the electrical insulator.
  • Other parallel arrangements of multiple units of the type shown in Figure 9 can of course be provided.
  • the positive electrode 1 has been shown as a radially innermost electrode while the negative electrode 2 has been shown as the radially outermost electrode.
  • the negative electrode is preferably an aluminum electrode while the positive electrode is preferably a carbon electrode.
  • the electrical insulator 3 may comprise polyethylene or TEFLON.
  • a further feature of the present invention resides in the selection of the ratio of the volumes of the fluid provided to each side of the electrical insulator 3, i.e. the ratio of a volume of fluid-accommodating space between the electrically conductive material of the positive electrode 1 and the electrical insulator 3 and the volume of fluid-accommodating space between the electrically conductive material of the negative electrode 2 and the electrical insulator 3.
  • the selection of such a volume ratio can be made for each particular fluid to as to provide optimum effects.
  • the positive electrode volume to negative electrode volume ratio can be selected to allow a larger volume of fluid to pass into the space between the electrically conductive material of the positive electrode and the electrical insulator than into the space between the electrically conductive material of the negative electrode and the electrical insulator, than into the space between the electrically conductive material of the negative electrode and the electrical insulator, or vice versa.
  • the negative electrode volume is represented by character A while the pOsitive electrode volume is represented by the character B.
  • fluid flowing through the apparatus is separated into a volume A which passes over the negative electrode 2 and a volume B which passes over the positive electrode 1.
  • the positive fluid volume includes separated volumes of fluid B1, B2 which flow over the positive electrode 1 in contact with the inner and outer surfaces thereof, respectively.
  • An advantage associated-with the essential part of the apparatus shown in the embodiment of Figure 5 resides in the fact that the volume ratios A:B of fluid contacting the electrodes 1, 2 can be easily adjusted by simply moving the electrical insulator 3 toward or away from either of the electrodes while maintained parallel thereto. Such provides an ideal method for investigating the effects of different fluid volume ratios.
  • constituent parts having different diameters must be substituted to provide different volume ratios.
  • fluid flowing through a pipeline in which the apparatus of the present invention ls connected in-line will separate into two streams at the upstream end of the electrical insulator 3.
  • the streams will include a volume A of fluid and a volume B of fluid flowing over and contacting the negative 2 and positive 1 electrodes respectively.
  • the fluid streams are influenced by an electric potential at each electrode volume A being negatively influenced at negative electrode 2 and volume B being positively influenced at positive electrode 1.
  • the streams of fluid then exit from the apparatus and join together once again as the streams pass over the downstream end of the electrical insulator 3.
  • the electrical insulator 3 serves as a separator member provided between the negative electrode and the positive electrode and each end of the electrical insulator 3 extends longitudinally beyond the respective ends of the electrodes 1, 2.
  • the fluid is separated into predetermined volumes before passing over the electrodes and each separated volume of fluid contacts a respective electrode so as to form a leg of a resistive path between the electrodes.
  • Such structure causes a relatively long resistive path between the electrodes to be established whereby a high resistance to electric current flow through the fluid and between the electrodes is established. Therefore electrical current flow can be limited to a minimum by selecting the length of the electrical insulator.
  • Such structure is very effective for ionizing highly electroconductive fluids in a manner which will prevent dissolved solids from precipitating therefrom.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Claims (27)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids, mit:
    einer positiven Elektrode (1) aus elektrisch leitendem Material, einer negativen Elektrode (2) aus elektrisch leitendem Material, das von dem elektrisch leitenden Material der positiven Elektrode (1) einen Abstand aufweist und elektrisch von diesem isoliert ist,
    wobei die elektrisch leitenden Materialien der Elektroden (1, 2) unterschiedliche elektrochemische Potentiale aufweisen, so daß, wenn ein Körper aus elektrisch leitendem, zu behandelndem Fluid in dem Gerät sich zwischen den Elektroden (1, 2) erstreckt, eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung, die zwischen den Elektroden ein elektroleitendes Potential entwickelt, nur durch den Körper des Fluids eingerichtet wird, wodurch das Fluid ionisiert wird, und
    einem zwischen der positiven und der negativen Elektrode angeordneten elektrischen Isolator (3), der quer zu irgendeinem kürzesten direkten Weg zwischen dem mit Abstand versehenen elektrisch leitenden Material der Elektroden (1, 2) verläuft, wodurch ein Stromfluß in dem Körper des von der Vorrichtung zu behandelnden Fluids verhindert wird, indem veranlaßt wird, daß die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen den Elektroden (1, 2) durch den Körper des Fluids längs eines Weges eingerichtet wird, der sich um den elektrischen Isolator herum erstreckt, um länger als irgendeiner der kürzesten direkten Wege zu sein.
  2. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 1, bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) gegenüber der positiven und negativen Elektrode (1, 2) derart angeordnet ist, daß ein Raumvolumen zwischen dem elektrisch leitenden Material der positiven Elektrode (1) und dem elektrischen Isolator (3) eine gleiche Größe wie ein Raumvolumen zwischen dem elektrisch leitenden Material der negativen Elektrode (2) und dem elektrischen Isolator (3) aufweist.
  3. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 1, bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) gegenüber der positiven und der negativen Elektrode (1, 2) derart angeordnet ist, daß ein Raumvolumen zwischen dem elektrisch leitenden Material der positiven Elektrode (1) und dem elektrischen Isolator (3) eine von einem Raumvolumen zwischen dem elektrisch leitenden Material der negativen Elektrode (2) und dem elektrischen Isolator (3) verschiedene Größe aufweist.
  4. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei der die positive Elektrode (1), die negative Elektrode (2) und der elektrische Isolator (3) alle im wesentlichen die gleiche Länge aufweisen.
  5. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei der die positive oder die negative Elektrode (1, 2) im wesentlichen die gleiche Länge wie der elektrische Isolator (3) aufweist und die jeweils andere der Elektroden kürzer als der elektrische Isolator (3) und die erwähnte positive bzw. negative Elektrode ist.
  6. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) sich in Längsrichtung über jeweilige Enden der positiven und der negativen Elektrode (1, 2) in der Vorrichtung hinaus erstreckt.
  7. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei der eine (1) der positiven und der negativen Elektroden stabförmig ist.
  8. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 7, bei der die andere der genannten Elektroden (2) rohrförmig ist und sich um die eine der Elektroden (1) herum erstreckt, und bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) rohrförmig ist und zwischen den Elektroden (1, 2) eingesetzt ist.
  9. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 8, weiterhin enthaltend ein Rohr (4), in dem die Elektroden (1, 2) und der elektrische Isolator (3) angeordnet sind und das Anbringungsmittel zum Befestigen der Vorrichtung innerhalb einer Leitung sowie mindestens ein elektrisch isolierendes Tragelement (6) aufweist, das sich diametral zu dem Rohr erstreckt und mit der einen der Elektroden (1) und dem elektrischen Isolator (3) verbunden ist, um die eine der Elektroden und den elektrischen Isolator innerhalb des Rohres (4) zu haltern.
  10. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 9, bei der das Rohr (4) aus Metall besteht und eine innere Auskleidung (5) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material enthält.
  11. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 9, bei der das Rohr PVC enthält.
  12. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der beide Elektroden (1, 2) und der elektrische Isolator (3) rohrförmig sind und der elektrische Isolator (3) zwischen einer radial inneren der rohrförmigen Elektroden (1) und einer radial äußeren der rohrförmigen Elektroden (12) eingesetzt ist.
  13. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 12, bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) von jeder der Elektroden (1, 2) einen radialen Abstand aufweist.
  14. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 12, bei der der elektrische Isolator (3) einen radialen nach innen gerichteten Abstand von der radial äußersten der Elektroden (2) aufweist und um die radial innere der Elektroden (1) herum angeordnet ist und in Kontakt mit dieser steht.
  15. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der die positive Elektrode (1), die negative Elektrode (2) und der elektrische Isolator (3) jeweils eine entsprechende flache Platte sind.
  16. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 1, bei der eine der positiven und der negativen Elektroden einen ersten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2') aus elektrisch leitendem Material und eine Vielzahl von flachen Platten (7) aus elektrisch leitendem Material aufweist, die sich von dem ersten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2') erstrecken.
  17. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 16, bei der die Vielzahl von flachen Platten (7) sich radial nach innen von dem ersten rohrförmigen Abschnitt von Stellen erstreckt, die längs einer inneren Oberfläche des rohrförmigen Abschnitts mit Abstand angeordnet sind, zur Bildung einer Vielzahl von Sektoren in dem rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2'), bei der der elektrische Isolator ein in jedem der Sektoren angeordnetes jeweiliges Rohr (3') aus elektrisch isolierendem Material aufweist und bei der die andere der Elektroden eine in jedem jeweiligen Rohr angeordnete Stange (1') aus elektrisch leitendem Material enthält, wobei die Vorrichtung weiterhin Halterungselemente (6) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material aufweist, die zwischen jeder der jeweiligen Stangen (1') und dem entsprechenden Rohr (3') verbunden sind und jede Stange (1') in dem jeweiligen Rohr (3') haltern.
  18. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 17, bei der die eine der positiven und negativen Elektroden weiterhin einen zweiten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2'') aufweist, der im wesentlichen zentral in dem ersten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (1') angeordnet ist und von dem die flachen Platten (7) radial nach außen zu dem ersten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2') verlaufen, wobei der elektrische Isolator weiterhin ein zentrales Rohr (3'') aus elektrisch isolierendem Material enthält, das radial nach innen von dem zweiten rohrförmigen Abschnitt (2'') der einen der Elektroden einen Abstand aufweist, und die andere der Elektroden weiterhin eine Stange (1'') aus elektrisch leitendem Material enthält, die von den Halterungselementen (6) in dem zentralen Rohr (3'') des elektrischen Isolators gehaltert wird.
  19. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei der die negative Elektrode eine Aluminiumelektrode ist.
  20. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei der die positive Elektrode eine Kohleelektrode ist.
  21. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids, bei dem:
    eine positive Elektrode (1) aus elektrisch leitendem Material vorgesehen wird,
    eine negative Elektrode (2) aus elektrisch leitendem Material vorgesehen wird, das von dem elektrisch leitenden Material der positiven Elektrode (1) mit einem Abstand versehen und von diesem elektrisch isoliert wird und ein elektrochemisches Potential aufweist, das von dem elektrochemischen Potential des elektrisch leitenden Materials der positiven Elektrode (1) verschieden ist,
    ein elektrischer Isolator (3) zwischen der positiven und der negativen Elektrode vorgesehen wird, der sich quer zu irgendeinem kürzesten direkten Weg zwischen dem mit Abstand versehenen elektrisch leitenden Material der Elektroden (1, 2) erstreckt, und
    bei dem ein Fluidkörper veranlaßt wird, über die Elektroden (1, 2) und den elektrischen Isolator (3) derart zu fließen, daß eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung der Elektroden nur durch den Fluidkörper längs eines Wegs eingerichtet wird, der sich um den elektrischen Isolator (3) zwischen den Elektroden (1, 2) erstreckt und länger als der kürzeste direkte Weg ist, wodurch eine Ionisierung des Fluidkörpers in einem Zustand eines relativ kleinen Stromflusses durch den Fluidkörper verursacht wird.
  22. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 21, bei dem zu den Verfahrensschritten des Vorsehens der Elektroden (1, 2) und des elektrischen Isolators (3) das Vorsehen eines elektrischen Isolators (3) mit einer Länge gehört, die größer als die der positiven Elektrode (1) und die der negativen Elektrode (2) ist.
  23. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 21, bei dem zu den Verfahrensschritten des Vorsehens der Elektroden (1, 2) und des elektrischen Isolators (3) der Verfahrensschritt gehört, eine positive Elektrode (1), eine negative Elektrode (2) und einen elektrischen Isolator (3) mit der gleichen Länge vorzusehen.
  24. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach Anspruch 21, bei dem der Schritt des Vorsehens der Elektroden (1, 2) und des elektrischen Isolators (3) das Vorsehen eines elektrischen Isolators (3) und einer positiven oder negativen Elektrode mit der gleichen Länge gehört, während die jeweils andere der positiven und negativen Elektroden eine kürzere Länge als die erste der positiven und negativen Elektroden aufweist.
  25. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 21 bis 24, bei dem der Verfahrensschritt des Vorsehens einer positiven Elektrode das Vorsehen einer Kohleelektrode umfaßt.
  26. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 21 bis 25, bei dem der Schritt des Vorsehens einer negativen Elektrode das Vorsehen einer Aluminiumelektrode umfaßt.
  27. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines elektrisch leitenden Fluids nach einem der Ansprüche 21 bis 26, bei dem der Schritt des Verursachens einer Strömung eines Fluidkörpers das Verbinden der Elektroden (1, 2) und des elektrischen Isolators (3) innerhalb einer Leitung (4) eines Fluidsystems umfaßt.
EP91303873A 1990-07-20 1991-04-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines Fluides Revoked EP0467505B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT91303873T ATE103573T1 (de) 1990-07-20 1991-04-29 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung eines fluides.

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US07/556,170 US5102515A (en) 1990-07-20 1990-07-20 Method and apparatus for treating fluid
US556170 1990-07-20

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EP0467505A2 EP0467505A2 (de) 1992-01-22
EP0467505A3 EP0467505A3 (en) 1992-07-08
EP0467505B1 true EP0467505B1 (de) 1994-03-30

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US5480522A (en) * 1994-01-04 1996-01-02 Makiko Yoshida Self-energizing fluid treatment apparatus employing external electrodes
DE4447097A1 (de) * 1994-12-29 1996-07-04 Guenter Kirsten Verdichteranlage
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US5753100A (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-05-19 Lumsden; Dennis L. Ionization-type water purification system
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US20060042958A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-02 Frank Cole Device and method for treating water and removing contaminants from soil
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KR100948338B1 (ko) * 2008-05-14 2010-03-22 심학섭 유체의 정전처리 장치
JP3154457U (ja) * 2008-08-29 2009-10-22 洋二 早川 水環境電池を利用した噴霧装置
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ATE103573T1 (de) 1994-04-15
US5102515A (en) 1992-04-07
DE69101524T2 (de) 1994-07-21
AU632920B2 (en) 1993-01-14
EP0467505A3 (en) 1992-07-08
CA2041204A1 (en) 1992-01-21
KR960000304B1 (ko) 1996-01-04
DE69101524D1 (de) 1994-05-05
JPH0478485A (ja) 1992-03-12
DK0467505T3 (da) 1994-08-08
ES2050504T3 (es) 1994-05-16
JPH0790225B2 (ja) 1995-10-04
AU7419991A (en) 1992-01-23
EP0467505A2 (de) 1992-01-22
KR920002473A (ko) 1992-02-28

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