EP0470893A1 - Verfahren zum Stopfen eines Wärmetauscherrohres mit geraden Röhren und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Stopfen eines Wärmetauscherrohres mit geraden Röhren und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0470893A1
EP0470893A1 EP91402144A EP91402144A EP0470893A1 EP 0470893 A1 EP0470893 A1 EP 0470893A1 EP 91402144 A EP91402144 A EP 91402144A EP 91402144 A EP91402144 A EP 91402144A EP 0470893 A1 EP0470893 A1 EP 0470893A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
plug
tap
tubular
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91402144A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Mauget
Benoit Giraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0470893A1 publication Critical patent/EP0470893A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49352—Repairing, converting, servicing or salvaging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of plugging a tube of a straight tube heat exchanger comprising two tubular plates which are substantially parallel and spaced apart from one another through openings at the level of which the tubes are fixed at their ends. .
  • the invention applies in particular in the case of a steam generator with straight tubes of a fast neutron nuclear reactor cooled by a liquid metal such as sodium.
  • Steam generators of fast neutron nuclear reactor cooled by a liquid metal comprise a bundle constituted by a set of parallel straight tubes fixed at their ends in tubular plates parallel to each other and integral with the external envelope of the generator. steam.
  • the tubular plates delimit inside the envelope of the steam generator three successive zones which constitute for the first a water box, for the second a zone of circulation of the coolant liquid metal in contact with the external surface of the tubes of the bundle and, for the third, a vapor collector.
  • tubular plates are pierced over their entire thickness by holes at the level of each of which is fixed the end of a tube, by welding on a connection nozzle of tubular shape and arranged in projection relative to the internal face of the plate.
  • this connection connection being generally designated by the term "teat" in the technique considered.
  • Each of the tubes of the heat exchanger bundle is fixed at one of its ends to a first connection of a first tubular plate and, at its other end, to a second connection of a second tubular plate, the inside diameter of the second nozzle and the corresponding opening of the second tube plate being substantially greater than the outside diameter of the tube which is connected to the second nozzle by a junction zone of frustoconical shape.
  • Each of the tubes therefore provides the junction between the water box and the steam collector, the water supplying the steam generator distributed in all of the tubes of the bundle at the outlet of the water box then being heated and vaporized. inside the tubes, by thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid metal. The vapor formed in the tubes is then recovered in the vapor collector.
  • the hot liquid sodium is generally brought to the upper part of the steam generator, in the vicinity of the tubular plate delimiting the steam collector; the liquid sodium then circulates vertically outside the bundle tubes.
  • a leak at one of the tubes of the steam generator can be highlighted, either by the detection of the hydrogen which is formed by the reaction of water on the sodium, or by the acoustic detection of the noise of the reaction.
  • this percentage should be between 10 and 15% of the tubes.
  • the technique of plugging the tubes has the disadvantage of causing a loss of power of the steam generator and of introducing a temperature asymmetry in the tube bundle, so that the other tubes of the bundle undergo increased thermomechanical stresses.
  • the plugs for closing the tubes must therefore be placed on the internal walls of the tube plates, that is to say the walls directed towards the area of the steam generator containing the bundle of tubes.
  • the tubular plates have thicknesses which can be relatively large, for example of the order of 400 mm, so that the plugs must be placed on walls located at considerable distances from the external access faces of the tubular plates.
  • thermohydraulic behavior of the steam generator is modified, insofar as the extraction of the defective tube modifies the circulation of the coolant in the hydraulic channel located between the tubes adjacent to the defective tube.
  • this tube is liable to expand and deform by buckling during the operation of the nuclear reactor.
  • the defective tube can come into contact with the adjacent tubes and cause deterioration of these tubes, by friction under the effect of the vibrations generated by the flow of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method of plugging a tube of a heat exchanger with straight tubes comprising two plates which are substantially parallel and spaced apart from each other through openings at the level of which the tubes are fixed at their ends by welding on connection nozzles, each of the tubes of the heat exchanger bundle being fixed, at one of its ends, on a first connection of a first tubular plate and, at its other end, on a second tapping of a second tubular plate, this process making it possible to produce an efficient and reliable plugging, from the outside of the steam generator and to remedy the drawbacks of the processes according to the prior art.
  • Figure 1 is an elevational view in partial section of a steam generator with straight tubes of a fast neutron nuclear reactor.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a steam generator tube showing in particular the ends of the tube connected to the first tube plate on the side of the steam collector and to the second tube plate on the side of the generator water box of steam, respectively.
  • Figures 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are sectional views showing different successive stages of implementation of the method according to the invention and according to a first embodiment.
  • Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D are sectional views showing different successive phases of the implementation of the method according to the invention and according to a second embodiment.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view on a large scale of a plug placed by the method according to the invention at the upper end of a tube, on the side of the vapor collector.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a plug placed at the lower end of a steam generator tube, on the side of the water box.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of various tubes of the bundle of a steam generator, during an operation for checking the plug welds placed inside a defective tube.
  • FIG 1 we see a steam generator with straight tubes comprising an outer casing 1 and two tubular plates 2 and 3 fixed on the casing at its upper and lower ends respectively.
  • the tubular plates 2 and 3 are pierced with holes over their entire thickness and straight and parallel tubes 4 are arranged between the two plates 2 and 3 in the extension of the holes passing through these plates.
  • the lower plate 3 delimits with a hemispherical envelope 5 a water box 6 communicating with the inlet ends of the tubes 4.
  • the plate 2 delimits with a hemispherical envelope 7 a vapor collector 8 in communication with the outlet ends of the tubes 4
  • the external casing 1 of the steam generator defines an area in which circulates liquid heat-carrying metal such as liquid sodium entering the casing 1 via a pipe 10 and leaving of this envelope by a pipe 11.
  • Water is introduced into the water box 6 which distributes it in the tubes 4 of the bundle. This water circulates in the tubes from bottom to top, heats up and vaporizes under the effect of the heat given up by the heat-transfer liquid metal. The vapor formed is recovered in the collector 8.
  • the diameter of the hole 13 passing through the plate 3 and the inside diameter of the bore of the teat 15 are slightly greater than the outside diameter of the tube 4, the placement in the beam can be carried out through the tube plate 3, before the establishment of the envelope 5 of the water box 6.
  • the upper end 4a of the tube 4 is fixed to the end of the nipple 14, by butt welding, the junction being provided by a form weld ring finger 16.
  • the lower part of the tube 4 is connected to the nipple 15, by means of a junction zone by welding 16 ′ of substantially frustoconical shape produced by fusion of the end of the tube 4 engaged over a short length inside. of the nipple 15 and of the end of the nipple 15.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D a tube 4 is shown having a leakage-generating crack which is plugged by the process according to the invention.
  • the tube 4 is plugged on the steam generator, after emptying the liquid sodium, steam and water, cooling the steam generator and dismantling the external walls 5 and 7 of the water box 6 and the collector of steam 8, respectively.
  • a section 20 of the tube 4 situated at its lower part is cut, in the vicinity of the teat 15 projecting from the inner face 3a of the plate. tubular 3.
  • the section 20 is cut from inside the tube 4, using a device of known type, as described in patent application FR-A-2,613,961 filed on April 17, 1987.
  • the cutting device comprises a milling cutter attached to the end of an axis allowing it to rotate and be inserted inside the tube, from the outside face of the plate 3, for its positioning at the areas to be cut from inside the tube.
  • the axis of the cutter makes it possible to move the latter in the radial direction, so as to ensure the penetration of the cutter into the metal, during machining.
  • the section of the tube 20 is cut by making two transverse cuts 21 and 22.
  • the cut 21 is made in the zone 16 ′ of the junction of the tube 4 with the nipple 15 projecting from the face 3a of the tube plate 3
  • the cut 21 made by milling makes it possible to eliminate the metal from the junction part 16 ′, of frustoconical shape, from the tube 4 with the teat 15 from the tube plate 3.
  • the metal from the junction zone 16 ′ is eliminated under in the form of filings, chips or cut particles which are extracted from the steam generator through the opening 13 of the tube plate 3.
  • the cut 22 is made in an area of the tube 4 located in its lower part and above the first spacer plate 23 for holding the tubes of the bundle.
  • the tube section 20 is extracted through the opening 13 of the tube plate 3.
  • the plug 24 comprises a tubular body whose diameter which is substantially identical to the diameter of the tube 4 is less than the dimension of the bore of the nozzle 15 and of the opening 13 of the plate 3.
  • the end portion 24a of the plug 24 has a diameter very slightly less than the diameter of the tube 4, so that the end 24a of the plug can be freely engaged inside the tube.
  • the end of the plug 24 opposite its end 24a engaged in the tube is located at the end of the nipple 15 on which one carries out, through the interior of the opening 13 of the tubular plate, the fixing of the plug 24 by welding points.
  • the tube 4 is thus held in place at its lower part by the plug 24.
  • the machining of the tube 4 is continued, by moving the cutter in the direction of the arrow 26, so as to eliminate a section of tube 25, in the form of filings or milling chips which are recovered outside the generator. steam.
  • the tube 4 which is held in the steam generator by its lower part, thanks to the plug 24, has, after machining, a free upper end 27.
  • a plug 30 of tubular shape having an outside diameter slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the tube 4 is then engaged, and an end portion 30a closed by a sealed bottom, inside the opening 12 of the tubular plate 2, so as to introduce the closed end 30a of the tube 30 into the upper end 27 of the tube 4.
  • the end of the plug 30 opposite the closed end 30a is placed at the end portion of the teat 14 of the tubular plate 2.
  • the plug 30 is fixed in place, inside the teat 14, by solder points.
  • a continuous and sealed weld 28 is then produced between the end of the plug 24 and the end of the nipple 15, the weld zone 28 having a substantially frustoconical shape.
  • the defective tube 4 is held in place, which makes it possible to avoid modifying the thermohydraulic regime of the steam generator in the vicinity of the defective tube 4.
  • plugs 24 and 30 are engaged by their end portion 24b and 30a, completely freely, inside the ends of the tube 4.
  • plugs 24 and 30 are not connected to the ends of the tube 4, these ends are capable of sliding on the end portions 30a and 24a of these plugs, in the longitudinal direction, for example when the tube 4 is subjected to thermal expansion or retraction in the generator in operation.
  • the first phase of the implementation of the method according to the second embodiment allows performing the cutting of a section 20 ′ of the tube 4, in its lower part, in a manner identical to the cutting of the section 20, during the first phase of the first embodiment of the capping method according to the invention.
  • the section 20 ′ is cut by milling the junction zone 16 ′ and the wall of the tube 4, along cutting zones 21 ′ and 22 ′ respectively.
  • the metal from the junction zone 16 ' is removed as described in the case of the first embodiment and an additional cut of the tube is made in the cutting zone 22'.
  • the cutting area 22 ' is located at a greater distance from the inner surface 3a of the tube plate 3 than the cutting area 22 implemented in the first embodiment of the method, that is to say in a arrangement located towards the inside of the steam generator, in relation to zone 22.
  • the interior and the cutting are carried out by machining of the zone 16 where the tube 4 joins the teat 14 of the tube plate 2 , the lower part of the tube which has been cut previously being held by a tool engaged and clamped inside the tube 4.
  • the tube 4 After having cut the tube by machining the junction zone 16, the tube 4 is moved downwards, as shown by the arrow 31, using the tool engaged in the lower part of the tube 4.
  • the tube 4 is moved downwards, so that its upper end 27 is at a distance from the end of the teat 14 corresponding substantially to the length of the tube section 25 removed by machining, in the case of the first embodiment.
  • a tubular plug 30, closed at one of its ends 30a, is engaged inside the opening 12, so that the end 30a of the plug 30 is freely engaged in the upper end part of the tube 4 and that the end of the plug 30 opposite its end 30a is coincident with the end part of the teat 14.
  • the plug 30 is fixed by welding points inside the nipple 14.
  • the tube 4 is then held in place inside the steam generator by the upper plug 30 and by the tool engaged in its lower part which may be constituted by a centering and guiding assembly for the cutting device.
  • a cut is made to length from the lower part of the tube, along the cut line designated by the arrow 30 in FIG. 4C.
  • a plug 24 similar to the bottom plug described in the first embodiment and shown in FIG. 6 is introduced into the lower part of the tube 4.
  • the plug 24 has an end portion 24a which is freely engaged in the end of the tube 4 which has previously been cut to the desired length.
  • the plug 24 is fixed in place by welding points, then a continuous and sealed annular weld 28 is produced at the end of the plug 24 opposite its end 24a engaged in the tube 4.
  • the weld 28 is produced on the end part of the plug 24 placed in coincidence with the end of the teat 15.
  • the plugs 24 and 30 are fixed to the teats 15 and 14 and engaged in the ends of the tube 4, which makes it possible to obtain the same advantages, as regards the efficiency of the plugging and the possibilities of longitudinal expansion of the tube, as in the case of the first embodiment.
  • FIGs 5 and 6 there is shown on a larger scale the plugs 30 and 24 for closing the openings 12 and 13 of the tubular plates 2 and 3 respectively, the plugs 30 and 24 having respective ends 30a and 24a freely engaged at inside the ends of the defective tube 4.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown a tubular plug 35 which can be constituted either by a lower plug such as the plug 24 shown in Figure 6, or by an upper plug such as the plug 30 shown in Figure 5, the plug 35 being associated with the lower part or the upper part of a defective tube 4 which has been plugged.
  • FIG. 7 also shows the eight tubes 36 of the bundle of the steam generator surrounding the defective tube which has been plugged.
  • the cross sections of the tubes 36 of the bundle of the steam generator are arranged in a square mesh network where each of the tubes is surrounded by eight tubes in neighboring arrangements.
  • a film 37 sensitive to X-rays is introduced inside the plug 35 at the weld connecting this plug to the corresponding nipple of the steam generator.
  • each of the eight tubes 36 there is in each of the eight tubes 36 a source of radiation 38, so as to perform the radiography of the weld and of the zones of the plug and of the nipple adjacent to the welded zone, by transmission of the radiation produced by the sources 38 through the welding or the wall of the plug 35 or of the corresponding teat and by printing the sensitive film 37.
  • the film 37 is then extracted from the plug 35, developed and analyzed to determine the quality of the weld produced. We can thus guarantee the quality of the sealing welds of the plugs closing the defective tube.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to carry out, in a simple manner, an extremely efficient and extremely reliable plugging of a defective tube, while keeping the tube in place inside the steam generator.
  • thermohydraulic operation of the steam generator avoids modifying the thermohydraulic operation of the steam generator, in the vicinity of the defective tube.
  • the tube held in place in the steam generator can expand and retract freely by displacement in the axial direction relative to the plug.
  • the interior space of the heat exchanger arranged around the bundle tubes can be filled with a protective gas of any kind, such as an inert gas or a neutral gas, making it possible in particular to protect the welding areas on their external side.
  • a protective gas of any kind such as an inert gas or a neutral gas
  • the method according to the invention can be used to replace one or more tubes of a heat exchanger with straight or almost straight tubes different from a steam generator of a fast neutron nuclear reactor cooled by liquid sodium.
  • the process according to the invention applies to any heat exchanger with straight or almost straight tubes comprising two substantially parallel tubular plates spaced from one another and traversed by openings at the level of which the tubes are fixed at their ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP91402144A 1990-08-08 1991-07-30 Verfahren zum Stopfen eines Wärmetauscherrohres mit geraden Röhren und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens Withdrawn EP0470893A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9010137 1990-08-08
FR9010137A FR2665758B1 (fr) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 Procede de bouchage d'un tube d'un echangeur de chaleur a tubes droits et utilisation de ce procede.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0470893A1 true EP0470893A1 (de) 1992-02-12

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ID=9399538

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EP91402144A Withdrawn EP0470893A1 (de) 1990-08-08 1991-07-30 Verfahren zum Stopfen eines Wärmetauscherrohres mit geraden Röhren und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5167907A (de)
EP (1) EP0470893A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH04232899A (de)
FR (1) FR2665758B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011148044A3 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-01-26 Metso Power Oy A flue gas air preheater, and a method for installation, as well as an air pipe component for a flue gas air preheater

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5715598A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-02-10 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Method for sealing a bare hole defined by a nuclear heat exchanger tubesheet
US6478776B1 (en) 2000-04-05 2002-11-12 Biocardia, Inc. Implant delivery catheter system and methods for its use
BRPI0503134B1 (pt) 2004-08-02 2018-03-20 Rohm And Haas Company Método de formação de uma chapa de tubo laminada
EP1904788A4 (de) * 2005-07-19 2014-05-14 Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd Dampferzeuger
FR2895791B1 (fr) * 2005-12-29 2008-04-04 Framatome Anp Sas Procede de reparation d'au moins une zone de raccordement d'une plaque de partition sur une plaque tubulaire d'une boite a eau d'un echangeur de chaleur.
US8091455B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2012-01-10 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Apparatus, system, and method for cutting tubes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2282097A1 (fr) * 1974-08-13 1976-03-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Procede de reparation d'un tube d'echangeur thermique
FR2423843A1 (fr) * 1978-04-21 1979-11-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Outillage de forage a blocage pour reparations sur generateur nucleaire
EP0321317A2 (de) * 1987-11-13 1989-06-21 Framatome Vorrichtung zum Schweissen eines Endes eines im Inneren einer Bohrung befestigten Rohrstückes, die sich zur Vorderseite einer Platte hin öffnet, wie bei einem Siederohrdampferzeuger
US4941512A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-07-17 Cti Industries, Inc. Method of repairing heat exchanger tube ends

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2344698A (en) * 1943-01-02 1944-03-21 Chicago Forging & Mfg Co Tubular connection and sealing means therefor
FR2326766A1 (fr) * 1975-10-02 1977-04-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Structure interne de cuve de chaudiere nucleaire
US4413765A (en) * 1981-02-23 1983-11-08 Tracy Fred L Method and apparatus for in situ repair of a worn pipe section

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2282097A1 (fr) * 1974-08-13 1976-03-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Procede de reparation d'un tube d'echangeur thermique
FR2423843A1 (fr) * 1978-04-21 1979-11-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Outillage de forage a blocage pour reparations sur generateur nucleaire
EP0321317A2 (de) * 1987-11-13 1989-06-21 Framatome Vorrichtung zum Schweissen eines Endes eines im Inneren einer Bohrung befestigten Rohrstückes, die sich zur Vorderseite einer Platte hin öffnet, wie bei einem Siederohrdampferzeuger
US4941512A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-07-17 Cti Industries, Inc. Method of repairing heat exchanger tube ends

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
RESEARCH DISCLOSURE. vol. 181, Mai 1979, HAVANT GB '18146 DEVICE FOR RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF HEAT EXCHANGE TUBE WELDS' *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011148044A3 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-01-26 Metso Power Oy A flue gas air preheater, and a method for installation, as well as an air pipe component for a flue gas air preheater
CN102906526A (zh) * 2010-05-28 2013-01-30 美特索电力公司 烟气空气预热器、安装方法、以及用于烟气空气预热器的空气管道部件
CN102906526B (zh) * 2010-05-28 2015-04-01 维美德电力有限公司 烟气空气预热器、安装方法、以及用于烟气空气预热器的空气管道部件

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Publication number Publication date
FR2665758B1 (fr) 1993-08-06
JPH04232899A (ja) 1992-08-21
US5167907A (en) 1992-12-01
FR2665758A1 (fr) 1992-02-14

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