EP0501455A1 - Photoleitfähiger Material für Elektrophotographie - Google Patents

Photoleitfähiger Material für Elektrophotographie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0501455A1
EP0501455A1 EP92103281A EP92103281A EP0501455A1 EP 0501455 A1 EP0501455 A1 EP 0501455A1 EP 92103281 A EP92103281 A EP 92103281A EP 92103281 A EP92103281 A EP 92103281A EP 0501455 A1 EP0501455 A1 EP 0501455A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photoconductor
binder resin
charge generating
group
represented
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP92103281A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yoichi c/o Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Nakamura
Mikio c/o Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Takashima
Sumitaka C/O Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Nogami
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0501455A1 publication Critical patent/EP0501455A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
    • G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
    • G03G5/0567—Other polycondensates comprising oxygen atoms in the main chain; Phenol resins
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
    • G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
    • G03G5/0582—Polycondensates comprising sulfur atoms in the main chain

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to photoconductors for electrophotography, and more particularly to a photoconductor for electrophotography which includes an electroconductive substrate having thereon a photoconductor having a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer.
  • Photoconductors for electrophotography each include an electroconductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer containing a photoconductive material.
  • a photoconductor is subjected in the dark to corona discharge to charge the photoconductor, the surface of the charged photoconductor is imagewise exposed light using a manuscript or copy bearing, e.g., letters and/or pictures to form a latent electrostatic image, the thus formed latent electrostatic image is developed with a toner to form a visible image, the developed toner image is transferred to a support such as a paper sheet to fix the toner image on the support.
  • the photoconductor is subjected to the steps of removal of the electric charge and removal of the remaining toner (cleaning), and the like to be ready for reuse for a prolonged period of time.
  • photoconductors are required to have not only sufficient electrophotographic characteristics such as charge generating properties, surface charge maintaining properties, and light sensitivity but also sufficient resistances to abrasion, ozone, ultraviolet, or the like upon repeated use for a long time.
  • they are required to have sufficient resistances to environmental conditions upon their use such as low temperature/low humidity, or high temperature/high humidity).
  • Photoconductors for electrophotography utilizing organic materials have recently been studied and developed.
  • Organic photoconductors are generally less toxic than inorganic photoconductors.
  • the organic photoconductors have attracted much attention and have been put into practical use increasingly by virtue of the advantageous features of the organic materials such as transparency, flexibility, lightness in weight, productivity, etc., as compared with the inorganic materials.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 10496/1975 discloses a photoconductor composed of poly-N-vinylcarbazole and 2,4,4-trinitro-o-fluorenone while Japanese Patent Publication No. 25658/1973 described a photoconductor composed of poly-N-vinylcarbazole sensitized with a pyrylium dye.
  • the charge generating layer of the aforementioned type photoconductor is constructed by an organic pigment and a binder resin.
  • the binder resin is used to obviate disadvantages of the charge generating layer composed of the organic pigment exclusively that the charge generating layer itself lacks film-forming properties and has a poor adhesion to the substrate and has a poor adhesion to the charge transporting layer. This decreases the mechanical strength of the photoconductor. Furthermore, the dispersibility and dispersion stability of the coating for forming the charge generating layer are insufficient, which prevents continuous coating on industrial scale.
  • binder resins include polyvinylbutyral as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
  • binders for use in charge generating layer must meet, for example, the following performances:
  • a photoconductor for electrophotography comprises: a substrate; and a photosensitive layer formed on the substrate and including a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer, wherein the charge generating layer contains an organic pigment as a charge generating substance and a binder resin as a binder, the binder resin being represented by general formula (I): wherein X is a group selected from the class consisting of: m is 0 or 1; and n is a positive integer.
  • n is a positive integer satisfying: 10 ⁇ n ⁇ 5,000.
  • the binder resin may be one selected from polyether ketone resins represented by the following formulae:
  • the organic pigment may be an azo pigment.
  • the azo pigment may be a disazo pigment represented by general formula (II): wherein R1 is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; R2 is an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted; R3 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an acyl group; and R4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group.
  • the organic pigment may be a polycyclic quinone compound.
  • the organic pigment may also be a phthalocyanine pigment.
  • the use of the polyether ketone represented by general formula (I) above in the charge generating layer as a binder results in a charge generating layer which can contain an organic pigment dispersed therein uniformly, has a uniform thickness and is smooth, and the photoconductor having such a charge generating layer has a sufficient light sensitivity and is free of inconveniences such as white points and black blots in the image due to agglomeration of the particles of the organic pigment.
  • the photoconductor suffers from less deterioration after repeated use for long time. Also, the photoconductor suffers from less variation of characteristics with changes of temperature and humidity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view showing a photoconductor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a photoconductor 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an electroconductive substrate 2, and a photosensitive layer 3 provided on the substrate 1.
  • the photosensitive layer 3 has a charge generating layer 3a and a charge transporting layer 3b.
  • the electroconductive substrate or support 2 acts as an electrode and supports the charge generating layer 3a and the charge transporting layer 3b.
  • the electroconductive substrate 2 is in the form of a plate. However, it is not limited to a plate but may be in any other forms such as a cylinder, and a film.
  • the electroconductive substrate 2 may be made of aluminum, stainless steel, electroconductive plastic or the like. If desired, an electroconductive coating may be provided on a surface of the electroconductive substrate 2 so that the smoothness of the substrate can be increased. Also a subbing layer may be provided on the electroconductive substrate 2, if desired, in order to increase adhesion between the charge generating layer 3a and the substrate 2.
  • the charge generating layer 3a can be formed by coating the substrate 2 with a solution composed mainly of a binder resin represented by general formula (I) above as a binder, an organic pigment as a charge generating substance, and an organic solvent, and drying it.
  • a binder resin represented by general formula (I) above as a binder
  • an organic pigment as a charge generating substance
  • an organic solvent an organic solvent
  • n is a weight average molecular weight, which is within the range of generally 10 ⁇ n ⁇ 5,000, and preferably 50 ⁇ n ⁇ 500.
  • the polyether ketone represented by general formula (I) above can hardly be synthesized.
  • the polyether ketone represented by general formula (I) can be prepared with ease by condensing a disodium salt of bisphenol compound such as disodium salt of bisphenol A or 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane with 4, 4'-difluorobenzophenone or bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)terephthaloyl, respectively, or a disodium salt of bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone with 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone or bis(p-fluorophenyl)terephthaloyl), in a solvent with heating.
  • bisphenol compound such as disodium salt of bisphenol A or 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane with 4, 4'-difluorobenzophenone or bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)terephthaloyl, respectively
  • the product can be purified by precipitation from a mixed solvent of chloroform-methane.
  • the reaction may be conducted in a polar solvent such as sulfolane at a temperature of 230 to 240°C for about 4 hours.
  • a polar solvent such as sulfolane
  • polyether ketone represented by general formula (I) above include the following polymers:
  • the organic pigment which can be used as the charge generating substance in the present invention is a pigment which absorbs light and generates electrons or holes in the presence of an electric field.
  • organic pigment examples include azo pigments, anthraquinone pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, indigo pigments, diphenylmethane pigments, azine pigments, cyanine pigments, quinoline pigments, benzoquinone pigments, naphthoquinone pigments, naphthalkoxide pigments, perylene pigments, fluorenone pigments, squarylium pigments, azulenium pigments, quinacridone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, naphthalocyanine pigments, porphyrin pigments, and the like.
  • pigments particularly preferred are polycyclic quinone pigments such as 3,9-dibromo-anthoanthrone, ⁇ -, ⁇ -, ⁇ and ⁇ -type metal-free phthalocyanines, metal phthalocyanines, e.g., copper phthalocyanine, chloroaluminum phthalocyanine, vanadyl phthalocyanine, titanyl phthalocyanine, titanoxyphthalocyanine, and the like.
  • metal phthalocyanines e.g., copper phthalocyanine, chloroaluminum phthalocyanine, vanadyl phthalocyanine, titanyl phthalocyanine, titanoxyphthalocyanine, and the like.
  • azo pigments represented by general formula (II) wherein R1 is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; R2 is an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted; R3 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an acyl group; and R4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group.
  • R1 is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group
  • R2 is an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted
  • R3 is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an acyl group
  • R4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an
  • azo pigment represented by general formula (II) above include the following:
  • These pigments may be used singly or two or more of them may be used as mixtures in any proportions.
  • the organic solvent suitable for the coating for forming the charge generating layer includes cyclohexanone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, cellosolve, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, and the like.
  • the coating for the charge generating layer which can be used in the present invention can be prepared by dispersing the polyether ketone represented by general formula (I), and optionally one or more additives such as a flow leveling agent and a surfactant in the aforementioned organic solvent using a dispersion mixer such as a ball mill, a sand mill, or an attritor.
  • Blend ratio of the polyether ketone to the organic pigment is generally 5 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, of the polyether ketone per 100 parts by weight of the organic pigment.
  • the blend ratio is below 5 parts by weight of the polyether ketone per 100 parts by weight of the organic pigment, adhesion of the charge generating layer decreases while it exceeds 200 parts by weight of the polyether ketone per 100 parts by weight of the organic pigment, the light sensitivity of the resulting photoconductor decreases. Therefore, the blend ratios within the aforementioned range are preferred.
  • the charge generating layer is formed by coating the coating liquid to a thickness of 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m on dry basis. If the thickness is less than 0.05 ⁇ m, the film-forming properties are poor so that defects tend to occur in images. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 5 ⁇ m, there occurs decrease of electrophotographic properties such as charging properties. Therefore, it is preferred that the thickness of the charge generating layer is within the aforementioned range.
  • the coating liquid which can be used for forming the charge transporting layer is the one which is composed mainly of a high molecular weight compound as a charge transporting substance and an organic solvent, or the one which is composed mainly of a low molecular weight compound as a charge transporting substance, a binder resin as a binder, and an organic solvent.
  • Examples of preferred charge transporting substance include high molecular weight compounds such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole)s, poly(vinylanthracene)s, poly(9.10-anthracenenylene-dodecanedicarboxylate)s, polysilanes, polygermanes, and poly(p-phenylene-sulfide)s, and low molecular weight compounds such as hydrazone compounds, pyrazoline compounds, enamine compounds, styryl compounds, arylmethane compounds, arylamine compounds, butadiene compounds, and azine compounds. These compounds can be used singly, or two or more of them can be used in combination.
  • high molecular weight compounds such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole)s, poly(vinylanthracene)s, poly(9.10-anthracenenylene-dodecanedicarboxylate)s, polysilanes, polygermanes, and poly(p
  • binder resins As the binder resin, there can be used one or more of polycarbonates, polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, silicone resins, polystyrenes, and the like. A mixture of 50 to 200 parts by weight of the binder resin per 100 parts by weight of the low molecular weight compound is dissolved in an organic solvent which can dissolve both of them to form a coating solution.
  • the coating solution for the charge generating layer may contain stabilizers such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbents, and proton absorbents, if desired. Also, the coating liquid for the charge generating layer may contain a flow leveling agent, an anti-sagging agent or the like, in order to prevent defects on the coated surface upon coating.
  • the thickness of the charge generating layer may be set up freely depending on the charging properties, light sensitivity and durability or plate wear of the photoconductor.
  • the thickness of the charge generating layer is usually 5 to 50 ⁇ m, and preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • a solution of a copolyamide (CM-4001, trade name for a product by Toray) in methanol in a concentration of 1 % by weight was coated on a 100 ⁇ m-thick aluminum sheet to a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m (dry basis) to prepare a substrate with a subbing layer.
  • CM-4001 trade name for a product by Toray
  • the aforementioned coating liquid was applied on the subbing layer and dried at 100°C for 1 hour to form a charge generating layer in a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m (dry basis) . Then, on the charge generating layer thus formed was coated a solution of 10 parts by weight of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde (diphenylhydrazone), 10 parts by weight of polycarbonate (pcz-3000, trade name for a product by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical), and 72 parts by weight of 1,2-dichloroethane, followed by vacuum drying at room temperature to form a charge transporting layer in a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, thus producing a photoconductor.
  • p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone
  • polycarbonate pcz-3000, trade name for a product by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical
  • 1,2-dichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyether ketone No. I-3
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyether ketone No. I-4
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyether ketone No. I-6
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyvinylbutyral (BM-2, trade name for a product by Sekisui Chemical).
  • BM-2 polyvinylbutyral
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyester (Byron 200, trade name for a product by Toyobo).
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by an acrylic resin (Acridic A-801, trade name for a product by Dainippon Ink and Chemical Industry).
  • the coating liquid thus obtained was applied on the same substrate as used in Example 1 and dried at 100°C for 1 hour to form a charge generating layer in a thickness of 0.4 ⁇ m.
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyester (Byron 200, trade name for a product by Toyobo).
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyvinyl chloride (MR-100, trade name for a product by Nippon Zeon).
  • MR-100 polyvinyl chloride
  • a mixture of 3 parts by weight of the above azo pigment, 1 part by weight of the polyether ketone I-1 as the binder resin and 96 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran was mixed in a ball mill to prepare a dispersion as a coating liquid.
  • the coating liquid was coated on the same substrate as used in Example 1 and dried to form a charge generating layer in a thickness of 1 ⁇ m. Then, on this layer was coated a solution composed of 10 parts by weight of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde(phenyl, naphthylhydrazone), 10 parts by weight of a polycarbonate (pcz-300, trade name for a product by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical), and 72 parts by weight of 1,2-dichloroethane, followed by vacuum drying at room temperature to form a charge transporting layer in a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, thus producing a photoconductor.
  • a solution composed of 10 parts by weight of p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde(phenyl, naphthylhydrazone), 10 parts by weight of a polycarbonate (pcz-300, trade name for a product by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical), and 72 parts by weight of 1,2-dichloroethane followed by vacuum drying at room temperature to form a
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyether ketone No. I-3
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyether ketone No. I-6
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyester (Byron 200, trade name for a product by Toyobo).
  • a photoconductor was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the binder resin to be used in the charge generating layer was replaced by polyvinylbutyral (BM-2, trade name for a product by Sekisui Chemical).
  • BM-2 polyvinylbutyral
  • Example 2 a photoconductor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating liquid containing aluminum phthalocyanine chloride used in Example 1 was replaced by the aforementioned coating liquid containing the quinone dye and that the thickness of charge generating layer was changed to 1 ⁇ m.
  • a photoconductor was produced in the same manner as in Example 9 except that Polymer I-1 used as the binder resin for the charge generating layer was replaced by polyvinylbutyral (BM-1, trade name for a product by Sekisui Chemical).
  • BM-1 polyvinylbutyral
  • the electrophotographic characteristics of the photoconductors thus produced were measured by utilizing an electrostatic recording paper testing apparatus (Kawaguchi Denki Model SP-428).
  • each photoconductor which is an initial surface potential was measured when the surface of the photoconductor was positively charged in the dark by corona charge at -6 kV for 10 seconds. After the discontinuation of the corona discharge, the photoconductor was allowed to stand in the dark for 5 seconds, after which the surface potential V d (volts) of the photoconductor was measured.
  • the surface potential of the photoconductor after 1.3 seconds of irradiation of the photoconductor with the aforementioned monochromatic light as a residual potential V r (volts).
  • the surface of the photoconductor was irradiated with white light from a tungsten lamp at an illuminance of 20 luxes and the time required for the irradiation to decrease the surface potential of the photoconductor to half of the V d was measured, from which time half decay exposure amount E 1/2 (lux ⁇ seconds) was calculated.
  • the surface potential of the photoconductor after 1.3 seconds of irradiation of the photoconductor with the white light was measured as a residual potential V r (volts). After repeating the procedures of charging and exposure as mentioned above 2,500 times continuously, the characteristics of the photoconductor were measured to examine variation of characteristics.
  • Results obtained are shown in Tables 1 to 4, with Table 1 showing results of initial characteristics of the photoconductors in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, Table 2 showing results of characteristics of the photoconductors in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 after repetition of 2,500 times, Table 3 showing results of initial characteristics of the photoconductors in Examples 6 to 9 and Comparative Examples 6 to 8, and Table 4 showing results of characteristics of the photoconductors in Examples 6 to 9 and Comparative Examples 6 to 8 after repetition of 2,500 times.
  • Examples 1 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 6 were selected.
  • the photoconductors of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were each attached to an aluminum pipe having a diameter of 8 cm and a length of 40 cm, and then the aluminum pipes were fitted in a commercially available printer (LL-NIP, trade name for a product of Nippon Electric Corporation).
  • the photoconductors of Example 6 and Comparative Example 6 were each attached onto an aluminum pipe having a diameter of 8 cm and a length of 34 cm, and the aluminum pipes were fitted in a commercially available copier (EP-490Z, trade name for a product by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.).
  • the printer and the copier were subjected to durability or plate wear test by repeating image outputting (printing or reproducing images) until 150,000 sheets of A4-size paper under the conditions of normal temperature (23°C)/normal humidity (relative humidity of 60 %), low temperature (7°C)/low humidity (relative humidity of 50 %), and high temperature (35°C)/high humidity (relative humidity of 80 %), respectively, with measuring the surface potential in the dark, Vd (volts), and the surface potential at illuminance, Vi (volts), of each photoconductor and evaluating the quality of the resulting images, both after initial run and after 150,000 runs.
  • the photoconductor of Comaparative Example 1 showed a higher V i than the photoconductor of Example 1 but still gave a good image after initial run, showing less variation in characteristics due to repeated runs so that good images were obtained after repeated runs under the normal temperature/normal humidity conditions while it showed considerable variation in characteristics so that good images were not obtained both under the low temperature/low humidity conditions and under the high temperature/high humidity conditions.
  • photoconductors which suffer from less variation in characteristics upon change of the environment and having excellent durability can be obtained by the use of the polyether ketone represented by general formula (I) above as the binder resin in the charge generating layer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP92103281A 1991-02-27 1992-02-26 Photoleitfähiger Material für Elektrophotographie Withdrawn EP0501455A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP31149/91 1991-02-27
JP3114991A JPH04271356A (ja) 1991-02-27 1991-02-27 電子写真用感光体

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0918257A3 (de) * 1997-11-21 2000-01-19 Xerox Corporation Bildherstellungselement, Hochleistungspolymere enthaltend
EP0918258A3 (de) * 1997-11-21 2000-03-08 Xerox Corporation Bildherstellungselemente mit ladungsübertragenden Schichten, die Mischungen von Hochleistungspolymeren enthalten
US6232025B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2001-05-15 Lexmark International, Inc. Electrophotographic photoconductors comprising polaryl ethers

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0104088A2 (de) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-28 Xerox Corporation Schichtförmige fotoempfindliche Abbildungsvorrichtungen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0104088A2 (de) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-28 Xerox Corporation Schichtförmige fotoempfindliche Abbildungsvorrichtungen

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 295 (P-743)11 August 1988 & JP-A-63 070 256 ( ASAHI ) 30 March 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 138 (P-852)(3486) 6 April 1989 & JP-A-63 305 362 ( FUJI ) 13 December 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 440 (P-940)4 October 1989 & JP-A-1 169 456 ( ASAHI ) 4 July 1989 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 57 (P-825)(3405) 9 February 1989 & JP-A-63 247 757 ( ASAHI ) 14 October 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 73 (P-830)(3421) 20 February 1989 & JP-A-63 259 668 ( ASAHI ) 26 October 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 158 (P-1027)(4101) 27 March 1990 & JP-A-2 013 961 ( IDEMITSU KOSAN ) 18 January 1990 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0918257A3 (de) * 1997-11-21 2000-01-19 Xerox Corporation Bildherstellungselement, Hochleistungspolymere enthaltend
EP0918258A3 (de) * 1997-11-21 2000-03-08 Xerox Corporation Bildherstellungselemente mit ladungsübertragenden Schichten, die Mischungen von Hochleistungspolymeren enthalten
US6232025B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2001-05-15 Lexmark International, Inc. Electrophotographic photoconductors comprising polaryl ethers
US6350553B2 (en) 2000-01-10 2002-02-26 Lexmark International, Inc. Electrophotographic photoconductors comprising polyaryl ethers
EP1247142A4 (de) * 2000-01-10 2006-06-07 Lexmark Int Inc Elektrophotographische photoleiter mit polyarylether

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