EP0532142A1 - Procédé et dispositif de contrôle des pièces ferromagnétiques par ultrasons - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de contrôle des pièces ferromagnétiques par ultrasons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0532142A1
EP0532142A1 EP92250255A EP92250255A EP0532142A1 EP 0532142 A1 EP0532142 A1 EP 0532142A1 EP 92250255 A EP92250255 A EP 92250255A EP 92250255 A EP92250255 A EP 92250255A EP 0532142 A1 EP0532142 A1 EP 0532142A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
alternating
receiving
transmitting
coupling piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92250255A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0532142B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Wächter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Publication of EP0532142A1 publication Critical patent/EP0532142A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0532142B1 publication Critical patent/EP0532142B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2412—Probes using the magnetostrictive properties of the material to be examined, e.g. electromagnetic acoustic transducers [EMAT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
    • G01N29/0645—Display representation or displayed parameters, e.g. A-, B- or C-Scan

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for testing ferromagnetic workpieces by means of ultrasonic waves according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the receiver system In the case of the electrodynamic ultrasound test with coupled transceiver systems, the receiver system is overloaded due to inductive couplings during and immediately after the transmission. Ultrasound signals cannot be received for a period of time after transmission. Since you want to detect defects in the workpiece that are close to the probe and measure small wall thicknesses, the aim is to keep the so-called dead zone as small as possible.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for testing ferromagnetic workpieces by means of ultrasonic waves with a coupled transmitter and receiver coil system, with which errors close to the probe in the case of angular exposure in the range of ⁇ 10 mm and wall thicknesses ⁇ 2 mm can be measured.
  • a first area in which the transmission current is applied to the transmission coils.
  • forced, overdriven vibrations are stimulated via the transformer effect of the receiving system.
  • a second area the recovery phase of the reception system.
  • the system begins to work conditionally by slowly settling to the zero line from the last override forced by the transmission current.
  • a third area where the entire system is excited by ultrasonic vibrations itself, the first two areas being electrically dependent.
  • a shortening of the dead zone in the case of coupled transmitting / receiving coil systems can, beyond the suppression of unwanted ultrasonic excitation in the test head itself (area 3), only take place over the second area of the dead zone, the recovery phase of the receiving system.
  • the dead zone is e.g. reduced to values of less than 7 microseconds in the case of angular irradiation.
  • the temporal amplitude profile of the signal coupled into the receiving circuit must first be adapted to the profile of the recovery phase of the receiving system (area 2). Once the amplitude curve has been determined, it must be fed into the receiving system in a time-synchronized manner with each transmission pulse.
  • the signal source required for the electrical coupling must be protected from high voltages induced in the receiving system during the first region of the dead zone by means of suitable, known electronic circuits.
  • the proposed measure for damping the overdrive when decaying is particularly effective when part of the alternating magnetic field that is required for coupling-free, magnetostrictive ultrasound excitation is inductively coupled into the coil system.
  • a value of 0.5 mm is preferably proposed for the distance between the coupling piece / meander back and a value against 0 mm for the distance between the coupling piece and the pole shoe.
  • the test device is particularly advantageous when the magnetic yoke is designed as a ring yoke.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the US test device according to the invention.
  • the test device To generate the horizontal alternating magnetic field, the test device has a ring yoke 1 and an alternating field coil 2 as magnets. Between the pole pieces 3, 4 of the magnet 1, the coil system, here designed as a transmitting and receiving meander 5, is arranged.
  • the coil system 5 is held by a non-magnetic transducer carrier 6, for. B. plastic.
  • the workpiece 7 to be tested moves just below the coil system 5 relative to the test device.
  • a ferromagnetic coupling piece 8 is arranged on the side of the coil system 5 facing away from the test object. This covers part of the coil system 5, here in this illustration, for example, about 50% of the width.
  • the distance between the coupling piece 8 / coil system 5 and also the distance between the coupling piece 8 / pole shoe 4 can be changed.
  • the variation range for the first-mentioned distance is in the range of 0-1 mm and for the second-mentioned distance in the range of 0-10 mm.
  • FIGS. 2-5 show the A-scan with a horizontal magnetic field without the coupling according to the invention.
  • the first area of the pulse train is the area 10 of the forced oscillation.
  • the subsequent area is area 11 of the recovery phase of the receiving system.
  • the sum of the two is the dead zone area 12, which cannot be used for signal evaluation.
  • an artificial error 13 was sounded, which was arranged far enough away that it could also be identified with the very wide dead zone 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows the improvement according to the invention in FIG. 3, in which the area of the recovery phase 11 was almost compensated for by an optimal inductive coupling and the remaining dead zone 12.1 practically coincides with the area of the forced oscillation 10.
  • the magnetic current profile 14, 14.1 has also been plotted in addition to the test image.
  • the magnetic current curve 14 is optimal in terms of compensation and the runtime spread image.
  • FIG. Kb clearly shows the greatly shortened dead zone 12.1 and the clearly identifiable error echo 13.1.
  • the edge echo 15 is also shown in this illustration.
  • the situation is shown in Fig. 5a, which results when the magnetic current profile 14.1 is inverted. This is equivalent to a change in the magnetic polarity of the ring magnet 1.
  • the dead zone 12.3 again increases considerably and the sensitivity of the test deteriorates so much that the false echo 13.1 can no longer be recognized.
  • the edge echo 15 can still be clearly identified.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
EP92250255A 1991-09-13 1992-09-10 Procédé et dispositif de contrÔle des pièces ferromagnétiques par ultrasons Expired - Lifetime EP0532142B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4130935 1991-09-13
DE4130935A DE4130935A1 (de) 1991-09-13 1991-09-13 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen ferromagnetischer werkstuecke mittels ultraschallwellen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0532142A1 true EP0532142A1 (fr) 1993-03-17
EP0532142B1 EP0532142B1 (fr) 1996-02-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92250255A Expired - Lifetime EP0532142B1 (fr) 1991-09-13 1992-09-10 Procédé et dispositif de contrÔle des pièces ferromagnétiques par ultrasons

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0532142B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4130935A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0677742A1 (fr) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer la distance de séparation d'une tête de mesure pendant le contrôle non-destructif de pièces métalliques par des transducteurs ultrasonores électromagnétiques

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10259891B3 (de) 2002-12-20 2004-04-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektromagnetischer Ultraschallwandler

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2040584A (en) * 1978-11-07 1980-08-28 Studsvik Energiteknik Ab Method and apparatus for introducing electromagnetic ultrasound into electrically conductive material
EP0045412A2 (fr) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-10 Nukem GmbH Installation pour le contrôle de matériaux
EP0069865A2 (fr) * 1981-06-16 1983-01-19 Nukem GmbH Tête mobile électrodynamique
DE3834248A1 (de) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-12 Mannesmann Ag Elektrodynamischer wandlerkopf

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3904440A1 (de) * 1989-02-10 1990-08-23 Mannesmann Ag Elektrodynamischer wandlerkopf

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2040584A (en) * 1978-11-07 1980-08-28 Studsvik Energiteknik Ab Method and apparatus for introducing electromagnetic ultrasound into electrically conductive material
EP0045412A2 (fr) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-10 Nukem GmbH Installation pour le contrôle de matériaux
EP0069865A2 (fr) * 1981-06-16 1983-01-19 Nukem GmbH Tête mobile électrodynamique
DE3834248A1 (de) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-12 Mannesmann Ag Elektrodynamischer wandlerkopf

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0677742A1 (fr) * 1994-04-14 1995-10-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer la distance de séparation d'une tête de mesure pendant le contrôle non-destructif de pièces métalliques par des transducteurs ultrasonores électromagnétiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0532142B1 (fr) 1996-02-14
DE4130935A1 (de) 1993-03-25
DE59205342D1 (de) 1996-03-28

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