EP0536609A1 - Lampe à décharge à haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0536609A1
EP0536609A1 EP92116463A EP92116463A EP0536609A1 EP 0536609 A1 EP0536609 A1 EP 0536609A1 EP 92116463 A EP92116463 A EP 92116463A EP 92116463 A EP92116463 A EP 92116463A EP 0536609 A1 EP0536609 A1 EP 0536609A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
ceramic
end plug
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92116463A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Dr. Jüngst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0536609A1 publication Critical patent/EP0536609A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
    • H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • metal halide lamps usually have a piston made of quartz glass. Efforts have recently been made to improve the color rendering of these lamps. The higher temperatures required for this are achieved by using a ceramic discharge vessel. Typical power levels are 100-250 W. The ends of the tubular discharge vessel are closed with cylindrical ceramic end plugs, which have a metal feedthrough in the middle.
  • Ceramic discharge vessels and the melting techniques developed for them are known from high pressure sodium lamps.
  • Tubular or pin-shaped bushings made of niobium are usually used (GB-PS 1 465 212 and EP-PS 34 113), which are melted into a ceramic end plug by means of glass solder or melting ceramic.
  • GB-PS 1 465 212 and EP-PS 34 113 are usually used for metal halide lamps with a long service life and good color rendering, these melts are only suitable to a limited extent, since the metal halide filling both the niobium bushing and the melting ceramic used for sealing are heavily corroded.
  • EP-PS 136 505 describes a high-pressure sodium lamp in which a niobium tube bushing is sintered in directly, that is to say without melting ceramic, due to the shrinking process of a "green" Al2O3 ceramic. This is possible because both materials have approximately the same coefficient of thermal expansion (8 x 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1). While this will improve the lifespan, the problem of niobium corrosion persists when this technique is applied to ceramic metal halide lamps.
  • the present invention achieves this in that the metals are processed into bushings in the form of pins known per se. Its diameter is preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm. It has been found to be essential for the reliable tightness against the halide attack that the pin is sintered directly into the stopper, that is to say without melting ceramic, and that at the same time care is taken to ensure that the pin in the bore of the stopper is somewhat withdrawn towards the discharge side and so the surface of the pin is protected by the wall of the hole. Only the combination of all three characteristics ensures the desired success. This is understandable from the following consideration.
  • the direct sintering of bushings in the form of thin pins has the advantage over the sintering of pipes that expansion differences between ceramic plugs and metal bushings can be kept small. This aspect is irrelevant in the case of melting, since the melting ceramic ensures the seal with the relatively small expansion differences (a few percent). With direct sintering, even a small difference in elongation becomes a problem and the seal must be achieved with other tricks. For this reason - in the case of sodium vapor lamps - only tubular bushings have been used so far if direct sintering was intended. Because the tensions due to the differences in elongation are absorbed by the elasticity of the tube.
  • the cause has turned out to be that when filling the melting ceramic, it not only flows down to the discharge end of the pin, as is actually desired, but is also sucked into the annular gap between the bore and the electrode shaft at the discharge end of the bore by capillary forces.
  • This constellation then leads during cooling due to the mismatch between the ceramic plug, the ceramic and the electrode shaft - the latter is usually made of high-melting material, in particular tungsten, whose coefficient of expansion is approx. 50% smaller than that of the ceramic - inevitably leads to cracks in the ceramic and finally also in the plug itself, which leads to early failure of the discharge vessels.
  • This technique differs fundamentally from direct sintering of pipes, because with correspondingly small pins, the voltages known from the pipes do not even occur.
  • Another advantage is that by adapting the diameter of the feed-through pin to that of the electrode shaft, the end face of the pin - in contrast to that of a tube - can be optimally covered. Particularly good results are achieved if the diameter of the pin is selected to be slightly larger, in particular by 5 to 10%, than that of the shaft.
  • the electrode shaft is butt welded to the end of the pin. If there is a greater difference between these two diameters, the absolute value of the difference in thermal expansion with regard to the ceramic becomes too great and the lamp life deteriorates due to leakage.
  • the stopper wall would to the same extent on the feedthrough pin (in particular made of niobium) which is well adapted in terms of its thermal expansion coefficient and on the electrode shaft which is completely mismatched in this regard (in particular sintered from tungsten). Cracks in the ceramic would therefore inevitably occur during the cooling process.
  • a protective jacket This is a sleeve made of ceramic or the like, which surrounds the outer part of the niobium stick.
  • the sleeve can then be removed.
  • it can also be permanently installed, wherein it is advantageously fixed in a recess in the end plug. It then advantageously also serves as a support for the implementation, since this becomes somewhat brittle during the sintering process. The prop prevents the danger of one Breaks when the outer electrical lead is attached to the bushing.
  • the pin is completely recessed in the end plug, that is to say at both ends, a connecting part leading from the niobium pin to the outer feed line in the volume of the outer bulb.
  • This connecting part which advantageously also consists of tungsten, which resists embrittlement during sintering, is butt-welded to the pin, just like the electrode shaft. Both seams are still inside the end plug.
  • the bore in the end plug has in principle a constant diameter that is adapted to that of the niobium pin. With this arrangement, the niobium stick is shielded as well as possible. This applies both to an attack from the inside through the filling and to the niobium escaping into the outer volume, which could lead to graying.
  • the length of the recessed niobium pin is advantageously about 80% of the height of the ceramic stopper, so that, on the one hand, the longest possible sealing distance is realized, while the advantages of the countersinking (protective effect against corrosion and graying) are still fully effective. This corresponds to a length of the recessed section of the electrode shaft of approximately 10%.
  • the two leadthroughs 9 made of niobium each hold electrodes 11 on the discharge side, consisting of an electrode shaft 12 made of tungsten and a spherical tip 13 formed on the discharge side end.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel consists of an inert ignition gas, e.g. Argon, from mercury and additives to metal halides.
  • the electrode shaft 12 extends into the bore 14 in the end plug 10 because the niobium pin 9 is recessed in the bore on the discharge side.
  • the pin 9 there is is the pin 9 at the outer end of the end plug and is directly connected to the power supply 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows the area of the pump end 6a of the discharge vessel in detail for a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the discharge vessel has a wall thickness of 1.2 mm at both ends.
  • the cylindrical stopper 10 made of Al2O3 ceramic, which is inserted into the end 6 of the discharge vessel, has an outer diameter of 3.3 mm at a height of 6 mm.
  • a niobium pin 9 with a length of 12 mm and a diameter of 0.6 mm is sintered directly into the axial bore 14 of the plug.
  • the electrode shaft 12 (diameter 0.55 mm) is butt welded to the niobium pin 9.
  • the outer section 16 of the niobium stick is closely surrounded by a ceramic sleeve 18.
  • the bore 14 is widened at the end 17 of the end plug remote from the discharge.
  • the sleeve 18 is inserted into this enlarged bore section 19 and is fixed in that a glass solder 20 is added at this point.
  • the sleeve prevents graying and stabilizes the niobium stick, which becomes brittle when sintered.
  • a filling bore 24 is in this case parallel to the lamp axis, but laterally offset, through the plug 10. It is sealed with a high-melting ceramic 20 when the evacuation and filling process is complete. Melting down when fastening the sleeve 18 and sealing the filling bore 24 can be advantageous done in one step.
  • An Al2O3 filler rod can be introduced into the fill hole 24 to reduce the amount of melting ceramic in the fill hole 24.
  • FIG. 3 A particularly preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electrode shaft 12 made of tungsten wire has a diameter of 0.75 mm and a length of 7 mm. It extends 0.5 mm deep into the opening 14.
  • a tungsten wire is also welded to the pin 21 as a connecting part 22 for external power supply.
  • the connecting part 22 also has a wire diameter of 0.75 mm; it has the length of 11 mm.
  • the interface 23 between the connecting part and the bushing is also arranged approximately 0.5 mm deep in the axial opening 14 of the end plug. Since contact between the tungsten pin 22 and the glass solder 20 in the filling bore 24 should be avoided due to the different expansion coefficients, which could otherwise lead to cracks in the ceramic, a sleeve 18 made of niobium (or ceramic) is also used here Tungsten pin 22 advantageously surrounds, since these two materials, in contrast to tungsten or molybdenum, have an expansion coefficient adapted to the melting ceramic 20.
  • a collar 25 (shown in dashed lines) formed on the plug 10 and surrounding the tungsten pin 22 can also be used as the separating means.
  • the sintering technique described here can in principle be used for both ends of the discharge vessel.
  • a complete electrode system - consisting of electrode, bushing and end plug - is sintered directly into the first end of the discharge vessel without glass solder or ceramic.
  • the discharge vessel is evacuated in a glovebox through the second, still open end of the discharge vessel and provided with the filling.
  • a stopper with the electrode system already sintered in is inserted into the open end and the stopper is sealed off from the wall of the discharge vessel by means of glass solder or melting ceramic.
  • the advantage of the glass solder-free melting of the bushing seems to be lost again, since the glass solder can be attacked by the halides.
  • the responsiveness of the glass solder depends crucially on the temperature conditions; it can be described by an exponential law. Since the operating temperatures at the bushing are much higher (typically 1100 ° C) than near the wall of the discharge vessel (approx. 900 ° C), the glass solder seal is exposed to a considerably lower load in the latter case, so that the life of the lamp, compared to a glass solder-free seal is hardly affected.
  • the discharge vessel has an additional bore on its side wall or in the stopper (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the two ends are first fitted with electrode systems without glass solder and sealed by direct sintering.
  • the additional The bore is now used to evacuate and fill the discharge vessel and then sealed with a high-melting ceramic by placing a solid ceramic ceramic mass on the bore, which is subsequently heated, so that the bore is sealed gas-tight.
  • One possibility for targeted heating of the additional hole in the case of a hole in the side wall is local heating by means of a laser beam expanded in a special optic.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
EP92116463A 1991-10-11 1992-09-25 Lampe à décharge à haute pression Withdrawn EP0536609A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9112690U 1991-10-11
DE9112690U DE9112690U1 (de) 1991-10-11 1991-10-11 Hochdruckentladungslampe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0536609A1 true EP0536609A1 (fr) 1993-04-14

Family

ID=6872172

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92909171A Expired - Lifetime EP0607149B1 (fr) 1991-10-11 1992-05-06 Procede pour la fabrication d'une lampe a decharge a halogenure de metal avec recipient de decharge en ceramique
EP92116463A Withdrawn EP0536609A1 (fr) 1991-10-11 1992-09-25 Lampe à décharge à haute pression

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92909171A Expired - Lifetime EP0607149B1 (fr) 1991-10-11 1992-05-06 Procede pour la fabrication d'une lampe a decharge a halogenure de metal avec recipient de decharge en ceramique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US5484315A (fr)
EP (2) EP0607149B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP3150341B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100255426B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1073801A (fr)
CA (1) CA2117260A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9112690U1 (fr)
HU (2) HU214232B (fr)
WO (1) WO1993007638A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0786797A3 (fr) * 1996-01-29 1997-11-12 General Electric Company Tube à arc pour lampe à décharge haute pression

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9112690U1 (de) * 1991-10-11 1991-12-05 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE9206727U1 (de) * 1992-05-18 1992-07-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE4242122A1 (de) * 1992-12-14 1994-06-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer vakuumdichten Abdichtung zwischen einem keramischen und einem metallischen Partner, insbesondere zur Anwendung bei der Herstellung eines Entladungsgefäßes für eine Lampe, sowie damit hergestellte Entladungsgefäße und Lampen
EP0609477B1 (fr) * 1993-02-05 1999-05-06 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Enceinte céramique à décharge pour lampe à décharge à haute pression et sa méthode de fabrication et matériau d'étanchéité associé
DE4334074A1 (de) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-13 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidentladungslampe
JP3507179B2 (ja) * 1995-01-13 2004-03-15 日本碍子株式会社 高圧放電灯
US5592048A (en) * 1995-08-18 1997-01-07 Osram Sylvania Inc. Arc tube electrodeless high pressure sodium lamp
US6020685A (en) * 1997-06-27 2000-02-01 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lamp with radially graded cermet feedthrough assembly
DE19727429A1 (de) 1997-06-27 1999-01-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
US5861714A (en) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-19 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ceramic envelope device, lamp with such a device, and method of manufacture of such devices
DE19727428A1 (de) 1997-06-27 1999-01-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
DE69712078T2 (de) * 1997-12-19 2002-12-12 Esab Ab, Goeteborg/Gothenburg Schweissvorrichtung
EP1001452B1 (fr) 1998-05-27 2010-02-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Conteneur electroluminescent pour lampe a decharge haute pression et son procede de fabrication
AU745886B2 (en) * 1999-12-20 2002-04-11 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation A high-pressure metal halide A.C. discharge lamp and a lighting apparatus using the lamp
US6705914B2 (en) * 2000-04-18 2004-03-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of forming spherical electrode surface for high intensity discharge lamp
EP1332514B1 (fr) * 2000-11-06 2009-12-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe a decharge haute pression
US6528945B2 (en) 2001-02-02 2003-03-04 Matsushita Research And Development Laboratories Inc Seal for ceramic metal halide discharge lamp
US6566814B2 (en) * 2001-04-24 2003-05-20 Osram Sylvania Inc. Induction sealed high pressure lamp bulb
US6805603B2 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-10-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrode, manufacturing method thereof, and metal vapor discharge lamp
US6873108B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2005-03-29 Osram Sylvania Inc. Monolithic seal for a sapphire metal halide lamp
US6861808B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2005-03-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Metal vapor discharge lamp
KR20030079388A (ko) * 2002-04-04 2003-10-10 유니램 주식회사 교류회로 방전등에서의 방전전극 구조
US6856091B2 (en) * 2002-06-24 2005-02-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Seal for ceramic metal halide discharge lamp chamber
CN100576421C (zh) * 2002-08-30 2009-12-30 松下电器产业株式会社 能够保持稳定特性的金属蒸汽放电灯和照明设备
US6984938B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2006-01-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd Metal vapor discharge lamp and lighting apparatus capable of stable maintenance of characteristics
JP2004103461A (ja) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-02 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 放電バルブ用アークチューブ
DE10256389A1 (de) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-09 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
US7215081B2 (en) * 2002-12-18 2007-05-08 General Electric Company HID lamp having material free dosing tube seal
US7839089B2 (en) * 2002-12-18 2010-11-23 General Electric Company Hermetical lamp sealing techniques and lamp having uniquely sealed components
KR20050092453A (ko) * 2003-01-27 2005-09-21 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 램프를 가스로 채우기 위한 방법 및 가스로 채워진 램프
DE102004027997A1 (de) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Lampe
US20060001346A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 Vartuli James S System and method for design of projector lamp
JP2008506229A (ja) * 2004-07-06 2008-02-28 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 放電ランプ
DE102005038551B3 (de) * 2005-08-12 2007-04-05 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Draht und Gestell für einseitig gesockelte Lampen auf Basis von Niob oder Tantal sowie Herstellungsverfahren und Verwendung
DE102005046483A1 (de) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Entladungslampe
JP4846392B2 (ja) * 2006-02-28 2011-12-28 株式会社東芝 水中補修溶接方法
JP5389663B2 (ja) 2006-12-20 2014-01-15 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ セラミックメタルハライドランプのためのセラミックバーナ
DE102007018262B4 (de) * 2007-04-13 2010-04-08 Technische Universität Dresden Verfahren zum Verschließen von keramischen Kapillaren an Behältern mittels Laser
DE102007046899B3 (de) * 2007-09-28 2009-02-12 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Stromdurchführung durch Keramikbrenner in Halogen-Metalldampflampen

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FR2173092A1 (fr) * 1972-02-21 1973-10-05 Philips Nv
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EP0472100A2 (fr) * 1990-08-24 1992-02-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression

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US3363133A (en) * 1966-02-28 1968-01-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge device having polycrystalline alumina end caps
FR2173092A1 (fr) * 1972-02-21 1973-10-05 Philips Nv
GB1465212A (en) * 1975-05-12 1977-02-23 Gen Electric Electric discharge lamps
EP0136505B1 (fr) * 1983-09-06 1988-11-02 GTE Laboratories Incorporated Scellement direct entre niobium et céramique
EP0472100A2 (fr) * 1990-08-24 1992-02-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0786797A3 (fr) * 1996-01-29 1997-11-12 General Electric Company Tube à arc pour lampe à décharge haute pression
US5866982A (en) * 1996-01-29 1999-02-02 General Electric Company Arctube for high pressure discharge lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3150341B2 (ja) 2001-03-26
DE59204013D1 (de) 1995-11-16
HU64U (en) 1993-01-28
EP0607149A1 (fr) 1994-07-27
JPH0744253U (ja) 1995-11-07
HUT66139A (en) 1994-09-28
KR100255426B1 (ko) 2000-05-01
WO1993007638A1 (fr) 1993-04-15
CN1073801A (zh) 1993-06-30
HU214232B (hu) 1998-03-02
JPH06511592A (ja) 1994-12-22
HU9401009D0 (en) 1994-07-28
US5352952A (en) 1994-10-04
HU9200239V0 (en) 1992-11-28
CA2117260A1 (fr) 1993-04-15
US5484315A (en) 1996-01-16
DE9112690U1 (de) 1991-12-05
EP0607149B1 (fr) 1995-10-11

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