EP0624185A1 - Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten. - Google Patents
Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten.Info
- Publication number
- EP0624185A1 EP0624185A1 EP92923692A EP92923692A EP0624185A1 EP 0624185 A1 EP0624185 A1 EP 0624185A1 EP 92923692 A EP92923692 A EP 92923692A EP 92923692 A EP92923692 A EP 92923692A EP 0624185 A1 EP0624185 A1 EP 0624185A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- weight
- anhydrides
- liquids according
- electroviscous liquids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 carboxyl groups anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical class [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GGQRKYMKYMRZTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3-tetrakis(prop-1-enyl)butanedioic acid Chemical compound CC=CC(C=CC)(C(O)=O)C(C=CC)(C=CC)C(O)=O GGQRKYMKYMRZTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHALQPUFCVTXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hex-1-enyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class CCCCC=CC1CC(=O)OC1=O MHALQPUFCVTXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QISOBCMNUJQOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1h-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1NN=CC=1Br QISOBCMNUJQOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNFGZQXMDBREDW-FLFKKZLDSA-N [(e)-dodec-2-enoyl] (e)-dodec-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(=O)OC(=O)\C=C\CCCCCCCCC XNFGZQXMDBREDW-FLFKKZLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical class [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMAFBJJKWTWLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butan-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].CCC(C)[O-] XMAFBJJKWTWLJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;disodium;dinitrate;nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[K+].[O-]N=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
- C10M129/42—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/001—Electrorheological fluids; smart fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
Definitions
- the invention relates to homogeneous electroviscous liquids (EVF).
- Electroviscous liquids in the form of dispersions of finely divided hydrophilic solids in hydrophobic liquids have been known for some time.
- the special feature of these liquids is that their flow behavior and thus their viscosity can be changed within wide limits by applying an electric field, so that there are wide-ranging and versatile possible uses.
- Electroviscous liquids are intended for use in particular in the field of industrial and vehicle hydraulics, e.g. for machine and engine mounting or damping, for positioning workpieces, for vehicle level control, vehicle suspension and damping as well as for torque converters and automatic clutches.
- the material composition of the known electroviscous liquids is very different.
- the electroviscous liquids consist of three components, a disperse phase which contains silicates, zeolites, titanates, semiconductors, polysaccharides or organic polymers, an electrically non-conductive hydrophobic liquid as the liquid phase and a dispersant.
- DE 35 36 934 A1 describes electroviscous liquids whose disperse phase contains aluminum silicates which have a water content of 1-25% by weight and whose atomic ratio Al / Si on the surface is between 0.15 and 0.80.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide homogeneous electro-viscous liquids which meet the technical requirements of a modern industrial hydraulic fluid and which do not have the disadvantages described, but rather have a high electro-viscous effect.
- electroviscous liquids which contain or consist of aluminum soaps, which are obtained by reacting one or more saturated and / or unsaturated monomeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric polycarboxylic acid (s) with one or more carboxyl groups and 3 to 32, preferably 3 to 18 and in particular 12 to 18 carbon atoms, their anhydrides and / or half-esters, their or their
- Alcohol component (s) are straight or branched, mono- or polyhydric alcohols with 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 and in particular 2 to 5 carbon atoms and / or their oligomers, are prepared with one or more aluminum alcoholates, the alcohol component thereof (n) one or more aliphatic, straight or branched, monohydric or polyhydric alcohols having 1 to 18, preferably 2 to 8 and in particular 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the reaction products of the polycarboxylic acids, anhydrides or half esters with aluminum alcoholates are used as aluminum soaps, in which all or some of the valences of the aluminum are converted.
- Aluminum soaps are preferably used, which
- reaction products of the polycarboxylic acids, their anhydrides and in particular their half esters, which have one or more free OH groups, with aluminum alcoholates are produced in particular by reacting one or more alkenylsuccinic acids and / or their half esters with 5 to 18 C atoms and preferably 12 to 18 ' C atoms.
- the electroviscous liquids according to the invention preferably comprise the following individual components:
- Component (a) consists of oligomeric, complex aluminum soaps based on reaction adducts of polycarboxylic acids or olefinic carboxylic acids, their anhydrides, half-esters or oligomers with aluminum alcoholates.
- the soap formation takes place completely or partially, for example by targeted partial hydrolysis, so that hydroxyl soap structures are formed.
- Olefinic carboxylic acids are to be understood as meaning carboxylic acids which are formed by reacting unsaturated carboxylic acids with one another or with olefins. Such compounds are used as their oligomers, which consist of 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6, units.
- the alcohol components of the Al-alkoxides straight and branched lower alcohols are used, in particular those with C j to C. The alcohols are released and discharged during the reaction.
- straight-chain or branched alcohols with up to 18 carbon atoms can be used as the alcohol component, which essentially remain in the molecule of the reaction product due to addition.
- Straight-chain or branched mono- or polyhydric alcohols are used as alcohol components of the polycarboxylic acid semiesters.
- the C number is advantageously determined by the selection of the base liquid in order to ensure the solubility of the corresponding reaction products.
- component (a) are partial ester / aluminum alcoholate adducts based on alkenyl succinic anhydrides, in particular n-hexenyl succinic anhydrides, diisobutenyl succinic anhydrides, tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydrides, dodecenyl anhydride and poly (amic acid) anhydrides.
- alkenyl succinic anhydrides in particular n-hexenyl succinic anhydrides, diisobutenyl succinic anhydrides, tetrapropenyl succinic acid anhydrides, dodecenyl anhydride and poly (amic acid) anhydrides.
- olefin addition products of itaconic, citraconic and mesaconic acid are also suitable.
- copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids for example maleic, fumaric, acrylic or methacrylic acid, can be used.
- aluminum triisopropoxides aluminum tri-sec-butoxides or complex mixed alcohols and partial chelates such as the commercial products from Condea, Hamburg, Dorox D 15, Dorox D 300, Dorox D 310 are used as Al alcoholates.
- Aluminum alcoholates are preferably used, the
- Component (b) includes hydraulic media such as e.g. conventional mineral oil selective raffinates, hydrocrackates, hydrogenates, poly-alpha-olefins or synthetic esters.
- hydraulic media such as e.g. conventional mineral oil selective raffinates, hydrocrackates, hydrogenates, poly-alpha-olefins or synthetic esters.
- the viscosity position of these liquids is selected according to the requirements for the end product.
- component (b) are:
- Component (c) comprises conventional hydraulic additives for ( - optimizing the hydraulic product properties such as the
- component (c) examples are:
- the olefin carboxylic acid half ester is initially introduced in dilute form and mixed with the Al carrier component with the rejection of moisture.
- the nominal viscosity is adjusted with component (b), and additive is added with component (c) in accordance with the respective requirements.
- the liquids produced in this way show a strongly increasing viscosity increase with a strengthening of the field in the voltage field from approx. 500 V / mm field strength.
- the optimum responsiveness is in the range of 3-8 kv / mm field strength with an aluminum content of preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.
- the initial viscosity of the EVF can range from 15 to 6000 mPa s at 40 ° C.
- Example 1 is based on an olefin carboxylic acid which has not been reacted with Al alcoholate. It turned out to be ineffective.
- Example 2 is based on a reaction with Li alcoholate.
- the electro-rheological effect of the product is extremely low and can only be demonstrated in a static test.
- the final mix had one
- reaction product was diluted with 100 ml of petroleum ether and washed 4 times with 60 ml of H2O.
- the end product had a viscosity of 826 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. and an aluminum content of 0.17%.
- the product showed a strong electroviscous effect, shown on the basis of the results in FIG. 3.
- the end product had one
- Viscosity of 800 mm 2 / s at 20 ° C and an aluminum content of 0.1% The product shows a strong electroviscous effect, shown on the basis of the results in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4139065A DE4139065A1 (de) | 1991-11-28 | 1991-11-28 | Homogene elektroviskose fluessigkeiten |
| DE4139065 | 1991-11-28 | ||
| PCT/DE1992/001004 WO1993011209A1 (de) | 1991-11-28 | 1992-11-30 | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0624185A1 true EP0624185A1 (de) | 1994-11-17 |
| EP0624185B1 EP0624185B1 (de) | 1997-03-19 |
Family
ID=6445730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92923692A Expired - Lifetime EP0624185B1 (de) | 1991-11-28 | 1992-11-30 | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0624185B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3236296B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100209184B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE150480T1 (de) |
| AU (2) | AU658949B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9206842A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2122718C (de) |
| CZ (1) | CZ287038B6 (de) |
| DE (3) | DE4139065A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2114904C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1993011209A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4317764A1 (de) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-12-01 | Rwe Dea Ag | Homogene elektroviskose Flüssigkeiten |
| US5800731A (en) * | 1991-11-28 | 1998-09-01 | Rwe-Dea Aktiengesellschaft Fur Mineraloel Und Chemie | Homogeneous electroviscous fluids using aluminum compounds |
| DE4437247A1 (de) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-04-25 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg | Linearführungseinheit |
| SG11202012177VA (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-28 | Rutgers The State University Of New Jersey | Thickness-limited electrospray deposition |
| KR102269268B1 (ko) | 2020-12-08 | 2021-06-25 | 국방과학연구소 | 다단 촉매 연소기를 포함하는 연소 시스템 및 그 연소 시스템의 제어 방법 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3047507A (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1962-07-31 | Wefco Inc | Field responsive force transmitting compositions |
| DE3536934A1 (de) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-23 | Bayer Ag | Elektroviskose fluessigkeiten |
| US5032307A (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1991-07-16 | Lord Corporation | Surfactant-based electrorheological materials |
-
1991
- 1991-11-28 DE DE4139065A patent/DE4139065A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-11-30 AU AU29408/92A patent/AU658949B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-30 RU RU94026777A patent/RU2114904C1/ru active
- 1992-11-30 DE DE4294095T patent/DE4294095D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-30 AT AT92923692T patent/ATE150480T1/de active
- 1992-11-30 WO PCT/DE1992/001004 patent/WO1993011209A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-30 DE DE59208255T patent/DE59208255D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 BR BR9206842A patent/BR9206842A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-30 EP EP92923692A patent/EP0624185B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 KR KR1019940701767A patent/KR100209184B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 JP JP50970593A patent/JP3236296B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 CA CA002122718A patent/CA2122718C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-30 CZ CZ19941309A patent/CZ287038B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-08-04 AU AU28380/95A patent/AU670404B2/en not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9311209A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ130994A3 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| KR100209184B1 (ko) | 1999-07-15 |
| RU2114904C1 (ru) | 1998-07-10 |
| AU2940892A (en) | 1993-06-28 |
| BR9206842A (pt) | 1995-11-21 |
| CA2122718C (en) | 2002-10-29 |
| AU2838095A (en) | 1995-10-05 |
| JP3236296B2 (ja) | 2001-12-10 |
| DE4294095D2 (de) | 1995-09-21 |
| EP0624185B1 (de) | 1997-03-19 |
| AU658949B2 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| DE4139065A1 (de) | 1993-06-17 |
| AU670404B2 (en) | 1996-07-11 |
| ATE150480T1 (de) | 1997-04-15 |
| WO1993011209A1 (de) | 1993-06-10 |
| JPH07501357A (ja) | 1995-02-09 |
| CZ287038B6 (cs) | 2000-08-16 |
| CA2122718A1 (en) | 1993-06-10 |
| DE59208255D1 (de) | 1997-04-24 |
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