EP0648977A2 - Bougie à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0648977A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: heating element; glow plug; contact; hollow body; plug according
Prior art date: 1993-10-15
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP94114747A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP0648977A3 (fr

EP0648977B2 (fr

EP0648977B1 (fr

Inventor

Helmut Müller

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Original Assignee

BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1993-10-15

Filing date

1994-09-19

Publication date

1995-04-19

Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6500295&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0648977(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

1994-09-19 Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

1994-09-19 Priority to DE59402135.9T priority Critical patent/DE59402135C5/de

1995-04-19 Publication of EP0648977A2 publication Critical patent/EP0648977A2/fr

1995-08-16 Publication of EP0648977A3 publication Critical patent/EP0648977A3/fr

1997-03-19 Application granted granted Critical

1997-03-19 Publication of EP0648977B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648977B1/fr

2001-11-21 Publication of EP0648977B2 publication Critical patent/EP0648977B2/fr

2014-09-19 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1

Images

Classifications

- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

the invention relates to a glow plug with a hollow body, in which a ceramic heating element with a sintered heating element is arranged, which protrudes axially on one side of the hollow body and the heating element of which is connected to power supply connections.
Such glow plugs with a ceramic conductor and a metal resistance coil as a heating element are known from DE 42 03 183 A1 and DE 41 33 046 A1.
Glow plugs are generally used as a starting aid in diesel engines and alcohol engines, for the ignition of additional heaters, for the ignition of gas burners, etc.
the ceramic conductor consists of a U-shaped bent conductor piece which is arranged at the front end of the projecting part of the heating element and forms a first heating element.
This first heating element is over a second heating element in the form of a coil made of a metallic material connected to the power supply connections.
the heating coil is connected directly to the power supply connections.
the object on which the invention is based is to design the glow plug of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced from fewer individual parts using a simple production process which comprises a smaller number of production steps and in which thermal overload at the contact points is avoided.
contact surfaces are formed on the heating element, via which the heating element is in contact with the power supply connections.
contacts in particular solder contacts, are avoided in the heating area, so that no thermal overloads can occur at the contact points, the glow plug according to the invention being able to be produced using a simple method due to the configuration of the contacts in the form of contact surfaces on the heating element.
the glow plug according to the invention has a heating element that is thermally and mechanically stable even at temperatures of over 1200 ° C.
the glow plug shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a metallic hollow body 1, in the cavity of which a ceramic heating element 2 is arranged, which protrudes axially at one end, ie at the motor-side end of the hollow body 1.
the heating element 2 is essentially formed from a ceramic insulator 7, for example made of AlN, in which a ceramic conductor 6, for example made of SiC or SiAlON, z. B. is sintered.
the ceramic conductor 6 is designed such that a zone 15 with a higher electrical resistance is formed in the motor-side heating rod tip, ie in the heating region 5.
This zone 15 forms the actual heating resistor, which is preferably U-shaped in the manner shown in FIG. 1 is. This design can be achieved by appropriate doping of the ceramic conductor 6 in the zone 15 or by a reduction in cross section.
Zone 15 is followed by a low-resistance region 14, which electrically connects the two ends of the heating resistor to the connection region, i.e. the power supply connections, which, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are the metallic hollow body 1 as a ground connection and a screw or plug connection 3, which is likewise arranged in the hollow body 1 on the side opposite the heating region 5.
the connection region i.e. the power supply connections, which, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are the metallic hollow body 1 as a ground connection and a screw or plug connection 3, which is likewise arranged in the hollow body 1 on the side opposite the heating region 5.
the ceramic conductor 6 is sintered into the ceramic insulator 7 by conventional manufacturing methods and provided with contact surfaces 8 and 9 for the ground contact and the plug contact by mechanical processing before or after the sintering process.
the arrangement of the ceramic conductor 6 and the design of the contact surfaces 8 and 9 are such that the ceramic conductor 6 is electrically connected on the one hand in the region of its end section to the metallic hollow body 1 to form the ground contact and on the other hand to the plug connection 3 at the other end section.
the ground contact surface 9 can also serve as a sealing seat.
the contact surface 8 is connected to the connector 3, which can be designed, for example, as a circular connector.
the contacting of the ceramic conductor 6 with the power supply connections, ie according to FIG. 1 with the metallic hollow body 1 and with the plug connection 3, is preferably a pressure contact.
the prestress can also be achieved or increased by heating and axially compressing the hollow body 1 in the central region 13.
the contacts can also be soldered or glued with a conductive adhesive or putty.
contact parts in the form of metallic contact rings 10 and 11 are provided to improve the contacting on the contact surfaces 8 and 9, which are mechanically and electrically connected to the ceramic conductor 6 on the contact surfaces 8 and 9, for example by soldering, are connected.
These contact rings 10 and 11 can be applied to the prefabricated heating element 2 or can be connected to the ceramic conductor 6 before the ceramic conductor with the contact rings 10, 11 is completely sintered into the ceramic insulator 7.
a corresponding arrangement of the ceramic conductor 6 and the contact rings 10, 11 in the isolator 7 ensures that the ceramic conductor 6 is insulated against the hollow body 1 or the plug connection 3 on the points diametrically opposite the contacts.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention, which differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in that it has a two-pole version compared to the single-pole version shown in Fig. 1.
the contact surface 9 for the ground contact is formed on an outside of the ceramic conductor 6 in the low-resistance area within the metallic hollow body 1 2 and formed the ground contact there, this contact surface for the ground contact is also formed at the end of the ceramic conductor 6 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and connected via a contact part 18 to the second pole 20 of the plug connection 3, the first pole of which in is designed in the same way as in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
An insulating part 19 is provided between the two poles 3 and 20 of the connector 3.
contact parts were designed as contact rings 10, 11 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, individual contact pieces 17, 18 are provided in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, each arranged and designed for contact with the corresponding first or second pole are.
the hollow body 1 is installed in an electrically insulated manner with respect to the heating elements, the surface 21 which is located at the point at which the ground contact surface 9 is formed in FIG. 1 as pure sealing surface serves.
the glow plug shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the structure already described in connection with FIG. 1.
a special doping of the conductive ceramic of the ceramic conductor 6 can ensure that the ceramic conductor 6 has different resistance temperature coefficients in some areas, that is to say that an area with a positive resistance temperature coefficient is created, so that the glow plug is self-regulating.
This self-regulating property can be provided over the entire area of the ceramic conductor 6 or only over a partial area his. This property is preferably present over the region 14.
the third exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 essentially in that instead of a ceramic conductor as heating element, a heating coil 16 made of a resistance wire, in particular a tungsten wire coil, is provided.
the tungsten wire helix 16 is sintered into the ceramic insulator 7 and connected to the supply connections, e.g. a connector 3 and the ground connection on the body 1 connected to the contact surface 9.
the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1.

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Resistance Heating (AREA)
Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Spark Plugs (AREA)

EP94114747A 1993-10-15 1994-09-19 Bougie à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0648977B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE59402135.9T DE59402135C5 (de)	1993-10-15	1994-09-19	Glühkerze

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE4335292A DE4335292A1 (de)	1993-10-15	1993-10-15	Glühkerze
DE4335292		1993-10-15

Publications (4)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0648977A2 true EP0648977A2 (fr)	1995-04-19
EP0648977A3 EP0648977A3 (fr)	1995-08-16
EP0648977B1 EP0648977B1 (fr)	1997-03-19
EP0648977B2 EP0648977B2 (fr)	2001-11-21

Family

ID=6500295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP94114747A Expired - Lifetime EP0648977B2 (fr)	1993-10-15	1994-09-19	Bougie à incandescence

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
US (1)	US5589091A (fr)
EP (1)	EP0648977B2 (fr)
JP (1)	JP3712134B2 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE150537T1 (fr)
DE (2)	DE4335292A1 (fr)
ES (1)	ES2101416T5 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5880432A (en) *	1996-12-23	1999-03-09	Le-Mark International Ltd.	Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body
WO2007033824A1 (fr) *	2005-09-22	2007-03-29	Beru Aktiengesellschaft	Conducteurs assembles, en particulier pour bougies de prechauffage pour moteurs diesel
DE102009056057B4 (de) *	2008-11-27	2016-04-21	Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh	Glühkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP2626631A4 (fr) *	2010-10-05	2017-12-06	NGK Sparkplug Co., Ltd.	Borne de bougie de préchauffage et bougie de préchauffage
US10993288B2 (en)	2015-08-21	2021-04-27	Chongqing Le-Mark Ceramic Technology Co Limited	Ceramic electric heating element

Families Citing this family (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE19506950C2 (de) *	1995-02-28	1998-07-23	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren
US5676100A (en) *	1996-08-30	1997-10-14	Caterpillar Inc.	Glow plug assembly
US6144015A (en) *	1998-09-25	2000-11-07	General Motors Corporation	Glow sensor--ceramic flat plate
DE19914619A1 (de) *	1999-03-31	2000-10-12	Beru Ag	Verfahren zum abdichtenden Verschließen des anschlußseitigen Endbereichs des Glührohres einer Glühkerze und Glühkerzen mit verfahrensgemäßem Verschluß
US6184497B1 (en) *	1999-06-16	2001-02-06	Le-Mark International Ltd.	Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
US6084212A (en) *	1999-06-16	2000-07-04	Le-Mark International Ltd	Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
DE19930334C2 (de) *	1999-07-02	2003-07-31	Beru Ag	Keramischer Heizstab und diesen enthaltende Glühkerze und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
WO2001016529A1 (fr) *	1999-08-27	2001-03-08	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Bougie crayon de prechauffage en ceramique
HUP0202789A2 (en) *	1999-08-27	2003-01-28	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Ceramic sheathed element glow plug
US6285008B1 (en) *	2000-01-11	2001-09-04	Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc.	Ignition plug and method of manufacture
DE10041282B4 (de) *	2000-08-22	2005-02-10	Beru Ag	Verfahren zur Verbindung eines Heizstabes einer Glühkerze mit ihrem Glühkerzenkörper und eine entsprechende Glühkerze
US6346688B1 (en) *	2000-10-24	2002-02-12	O'donnell Steven B.	Glow plug with crimp-secured washer and method
DE10053327C2 (de) *	2000-10-27	2003-04-10	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Stiftheizer
US6342690B1 (en) *	2000-12-01	2002-01-29	O'donnell Steven B.	Glow plug assembly method and construction
JP2002359060A (ja) *	2001-05-31	2002-12-13	Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd	ヒータ、及びヒータの製造方法
US6539905B1 (en)	2001-10-25	2003-04-01	International Engine Intellectual Property Company, L.L.C.	Glow plug connection apparatus
DE10228077A1 (de) *	2002-06-20	2004-01-08	Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena	Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mechanisch stabilen und elektrisch leitfähigen Verbindung zwischen einem metallischen Aufnahmeelement und einem vorzugsweise stiftförmigen keramischen Element, insbesondere bei Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren
DE10339641A1 (de) *	2003-08-28	2005-03-24	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Glühstiftkerze mit besonders eingebettetem Kontaktelement
US7115836B2 (en) *	2004-06-29	2006-10-03	Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd.	Glow plug
JP5292317B2 (ja) *	2008-02-20	2013-09-18	日本特殊陶業株式会社	セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ
DE102008035036B3 (de) *	2008-07-26	2010-04-15	Beru Ag	Keramische Glühkerze
KR101525634B1 (ko) *	2009-03-30	2015-06-03	엔지케이 인슐레이터 엘티디	세라믹 히터 및 그 제조 방법
JP5436687B2 (ja) *	2010-09-27	2014-03-05	京セラ株式会社	ヒータおよびこれを備えたグロープラグ
DE102010062438A1 (de) *	2010-12-06	2012-06-06	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Glühkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
JP5973222B2 (ja) *	2012-05-07	2016-08-23	日本特殊陶業株式会社	グロープラグ及びその製造方法
JP6088897B2 (ja) *	2013-04-19	2017-03-01	日本特殊陶業株式会社	グロープラグ
US9644532B2 (en) *	2015-04-14	2017-05-09	Sheldon J. Demmons	Autonomous glow driver for radio controlled engines

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE1213669B (de) *	1964-01-14	1966-03-31	Eiko Denki Corp	Gluehkerze mit einem elektrischen Widerstandsheizelement aus Siliziumkarbid
FR2398969A1 (fr) *	1977-07-29	1979-02-23	Eyquem	Bougie de chauffe pour demarrage de moteurs a allumage par compression
US4312120A (en) *	1980-05-22	1982-01-26	Bendix Autolite Corporation	Glow plug manufacture
DE3146653C2 (de) *	1981-02-07	1986-09-04	Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart	Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen
US4418661A (en) *	1981-02-07	1983-12-06	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Glow plug, particularly for diesel engine
JPS5872821A (ja) *	1981-10-26	1983-04-30	Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd	グロ−プラグとその製法
US4582981A (en) *	1983-06-23	1986-04-15	Allied Corporation	Glow plug having a resistive surface film heater
EP0194535A3 (fr) *	1985-03-15	1988-01-07	Allied Corporation	Bougie à incandescence comprenant une résistance chauffante stratiforme d'une siliciure métallique
DE3701929A1 (de) *	1986-01-22	1987-08-13	Jidosha Kiki Co	Gluehkerze fuer eine dieselmaschine
JPS62148869U (fr) *	1986-03-11	1987-09-19
DE3802233A1 (de) *	1987-01-22	1988-08-04	Jidosha Kiki Co	Gluehkerze fuer einen dieselmotor
US5084607A (en) *	1989-07-28	1992-01-28	Caterpillar Inc.	Interference connection between a heating element and body of a glow plug
DE4014356A1 (de) *	1990-05-04	1991-11-07	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Gluehkerze
JPH04143518A (ja) *	1990-10-04	1992-05-18	Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd	自己制御型セラミックグロープラグ
JP3044630B2 (ja) *	1991-02-06	2000-05-22	ボッシュブレーキシステム株式会社	セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ

1993
- 1993-10-15 DE DE4335292A patent/DE4335292A1/de not_active Ceased
1994
- 1994-09-19 AT AT94114747T patent/ATE150537T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-19 EP EP94114747A patent/EP0648977B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 DE DE59402135.9T patent/DE59402135C5/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-19 ES ES94114747T patent/ES2101416T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-11 JP JP24551394A patent/JP3712134B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-17 US US08/325,950 patent/US5589091A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5880432A (en) *	1996-12-23	1999-03-09	Le-Mark International Ltd.	Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body
WO2007033824A1 (fr) *	2005-09-22	2007-03-29	Beru Aktiengesellschaft	Conducteurs assembles, en particulier pour bougies de prechauffage pour moteurs diesel
DE102009056057B4 (de) *	2008-11-27	2016-04-21	Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh	Glühkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US9964306B2 (en)	2008-11-27	2018-05-08	Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh	Glow plug
EP2626631A4 (fr) *	2010-10-05	2017-12-06	NGK Sparkplug Co., Ltd.	Borne de bougie de préchauffage et bougie de préchauffage
US10993288B2 (en)	2015-08-21	2021-04-27	Chongqing Le-Mark Ceramic Technology Co Limited	Ceramic electric heating element
US11930564B2 (en)	2015-08-21	2024-03-12	Chongqing Le-Mark Technology Co	Ceramic electric heating element

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ES2101416T5 (es)	2002-02-16
ES2101416T3 (es)	1997-07-01
JP3712134B2 (ja)	2005-11-02
US5589091A (en)	1996-12-31
EP0648977A3 (fr)	1995-08-16
ATE150537T1 (de)	1997-04-15
EP0648977B2 (fr)	2001-11-21
DE59402135D1 (de)	1997-04-24
JPH07217880A (ja)	1995-08-18
EP0648977B1 (fr)	1997-03-19
DE4335292A1 (de)	1995-04-20
DE59402135C5 (de)	2014-07-24

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