EP0648977B1 - Bougie à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0648977B1
EP0648977B1 EP94114747A EP94114747A EP0648977B1 EP 0648977 B1 EP0648977 B1 EP 0648977B1 EP 94114747 A EP94114747 A EP 94114747A EP 94114747 A EP94114747 A EP 94114747A EP 0648977 B1 EP0648977 B1 EP 0648977B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
heating element
hollow body
glow plug
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94114747A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0648977A3 (fr
EP0648977B2 (fr
EP0648977A2 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6500295&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0648977(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE59402135.9T priority Critical patent/DE59402135C5/de
Publication of EP0648977A2 publication Critical patent/EP0648977A2/fr
Publication of EP0648977A3 publication Critical patent/EP0648977A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0648977B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648977B1/fr
Publication of EP0648977B2 publication Critical patent/EP0648977B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug with a hollow body, in which a ceramic heating element with a sintered-in ceramic heating element is arranged, which protrudes axially on one side of the hollow body and whose heating element is connected to power supply connections and has a heating area.
  • Such glow plugs with a ceramic conductor and a metal resistance coil as a heating element are known from DE 42 03 183 Al and DE 41 33 046 Al.
  • Glow plugs are generally used as a starting aid in diesel engines and alcohol engines, for the ignition of additional heaters, for the ignition of gas burners, etc.
  • the ceramic conductor consists of a U-shaped bent conductor piece which is arranged at the front end of the projecting part of the heating element and forms a first heating element.
  • This first heating element is over a second heating element in the form of a coil made of a metallic material connected to the power supply connections.
  • the heating coil is connected directly to the power supply connections.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to design the glow plug of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced from fewer individual parts using a simple production process which comprises a smaller number of production steps and in which thermal overload at the contact points is avoided.
  • contacts in particular solder contacts, are avoided in the heating area, so that no thermal overloads can occur at the contact points, the glow plug according to the invention being able to be produced using a simple method due to the configuration of the contacts in the form of contact surfaces on the heating element.
  • the glow plug according to the invention has a heating element which is thermally and mechanically stable even at temperatures of over 1200 ° C.
  • the glow plug shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a metallic hollow body 1, in the cavity of which a ceramic heating element 2 is arranged, which protrudes axially at one end, ie at the motor-side end of the hollow body 1.
  • the heating element 2 is essentially formed from a ceramic insulator 7, for example made of AlN, in which a ceramic conductor 6, for example made of SiC or SiAlON, z. B. is sintered.
  • the ceramic conductor 6 is designed such that a zone 15 with a higher electrical resistance is formed in the motor-side heating rod tip, ie in the heating region 5.
  • This zone 15 forms the actual heating resistor, which is preferably U-shaped in the manner shown in FIG. 1 is. This design can be achieved by appropriate doping of the ceramic conductor 6 in the zone 15 or by a reduction in cross section.
  • Zone 15 is followed by a low-resistance region 14, which electrically connects the two ends of the heating resistor to the connection region, i.e. the power supply connections, which, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are the metallic hollow body 1 as a ground connection and a screw or plug connection 3, which is likewise arranged in the hollow body 1 on the side opposite the heating region 5.
  • the connection region i.e. the power supply connections, which, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are the metallic hollow body 1 as a ground connection and a screw or plug connection 3, which is likewise arranged in the hollow body 1 on the side opposite the heating region 5.
  • the ceramic conductor 6 is sintered into the ceramic insulator 7 by conventional manufacturing methods and provided with contact surfaces 8 and 9 for the ground contact and the plug contact by mechanical processing before or after the sintering process.
  • the arrangement of the ceramic conductor 6 and the design of the contact surfaces 8 and 9 are such that the ceramic conductor 6 is electrically connected on the one hand in the region of its end section to the metallic hollow body 1 to form the ground contact and on the other hand to the plug connection 3 at the other end section.
  • the ground contact surface 9 can also serve as a sealing seat.
  • the contact surface 8 is connected to the connector 3, which can be designed, for example, as a circular connector.
  • the contacting of the ceramic conductor 6 with the power supply connections, ie according to FIG. 1 with the metallic hollow body 1 and with the plug connection 3, is preferably a pressure contact.
  • the heating element 2 is installed in the hollow body 1 in a pressure-tight manner via an insulating ring 4 over which the edge 12 of the hollow body 1 is flanged, the prestress achieved thereby resulting in a pressure on the contact surfaces 8 and 9.
  • the prestress can also be achieved or increased by heating and axially compressing the hollow body 1 in the central region 13.
  • the contacts can also be soldered or glued with a conductive adhesive or putty.
  • contact parts in the form of metallic contact rings 10 and 11 are provided to improve the contacting on the contact surfaces 8 and 9, which are mechanically and electrically connected to the ceramic conductor 6 on the contact surfaces 8 and 9, for example by soldering, are connected.
  • These contact rings 10 and 11 can be applied to the prefabricated heating element 2 or can be connected to the ceramic conductor 6 before the ceramic conductor with the contact rings 10, 11 is completely sintered into the ceramic insulator 7.
  • a corresponding arrangement of the ceramic conductor 6 and the contact rings 10, 11 in the insulator 7 ensures that the ceramic conductor 6 is insulated against the hollow body 1 or the plug connection 3 on the points diametrically opposite the contacts.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention, which differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in that it has a two-pole version compared to the single-pole version shown in Fig. 1.
  • the contact surface 9 for the ground contact is formed on an outside of the ceramic conductor 6 in the low-resistance area within the metallic hollow body 1 2 and formed the ground contact there, this contact surface for the ground contact is also formed at the end of the ceramic conductor 6 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and connected via a contact part 18 to the second pole 20 of the plug connection 3, the first pole of which in is designed in the same way as in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • An insulating part 19 is provided between the two poles 3 and 20 of the connector 3.
  • contact parts were designed as contact rings 10, 11 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, individual contact pieces 17, 18 are provided in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, each arranged and designed for contact with the corresponding first or second pole are.
  • the hollow body 1 is installed in an electrically insulated manner with respect to the heating elements, the surface 21 which is located at the point at which the ground contact surface 9 is formed in FIG. 1 as pure sealing surface serves.
  • the glow plug shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the structure already described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • a special doping of the conductive ceramic of the ceramic conductor 6 can ensure that the ceramic conductor 6 has different resistance temperature coefficients in some areas, that is to say that an area with a positive resistance temperature coefficient is created, so that the glow plug is self-regulating.
  • This self-regulating property can be provided over the entire area of the ceramic conductor 6 or only over a partial area be. This property is preferably present over the region 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Bougie à incandescence présentant un corps creux dans lequel est disposé un barreau céramique chauffant avec un élément céramique chauffant qui y est fritté, barreau qui dépasse axialement d'un côté du corps creux et dont l'élément chauffant est relié avec des bornes (1, 3) d'alimentation en courant et présente une zone chauffante (5), caractérisé par le fait que ce sont des parties de l'élément chauffant (6) elles-mêmes qui sont prévues comme surfaces de contact (8, 9) par l'intermédiaire desquelles l'élément chauffant (6) est en contact avec les bornes (1, 3) d'alimentation en courant, que les contacts de l'élément chauffant sont situés à l'extérieur de la zone chauffante (5) et que les contacts de l'élément chauffant sont obtenus sous contrainte de pression de ses surfaces de contact (8, 9) avec les bornes (1, 3) d'alimentation en courant.
  2. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par une bague d'isolation et d'étanchéité (4) qui est disposée, de l'autre côté, dans le corps creux (1) et au moyen de laquelle le bord (12) du corps creux (1) est serti de façon qu'apparaisse, selon la direction axiale, une précontrainte qui contraint en pression les surfaces de contact (8, 9).
  3. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'une précontrainte axiale qui met sous pression les surfaces de contact (8, 9) est produite par chauffage et rétreint axial du corps creux (1).
  4. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des pièces métalliques de contact (10, 11, 17, 18), qui sont prévues aux endroits de contact entre les surfaces de contact (8, 9) de l'élément chauffant (6) et les bornes d'alimentation en courant.
  5. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que la surface de contact (8) pour la borne enfichable (3) est formée sur une portion d'extrémité du conducteur et que les surfaces de contact (9) pour la borne de masse sont formées en un endroit d'une zone de l'autre portion d'extrémité du conducteur qui se trouve dans le corps creux (1) constitué d'un matériau métallique, l'élément chauffant (6) étant disposé de façon telle, et la surface de contact (9) pour la borne de masse étant conçue de façon telle, qu'à cet endroit le contact de masse se fait avec le corps creux métallique (1).
  6. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que le corps creux (1) est isolé par rapport à l'élément chauffant (6) et que la surface de contact pour la borne de masse est formée à l'autre extrémité de l'élément chauffant (6) et est reliée avec le pôle de masse (20) d'une fiche de borne bipolaire (3, 20).
  7. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que l'élément chauffant (6) est un conducteur céramique.
  8. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 7, caractérisée par le fait que le conducteur céramique (6) est dopé, au moins partiellement, avec des différences de façon que se forment des zones à coefficient de température positif de la résistance et à coefficient de température négatif de la résistance.
EP94114747A 1993-10-15 1994-09-19 Bougie à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0648977B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59402135.9T DE59402135C5 (de) 1993-10-15 1994-09-19 Glühkerze

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4335292A DE4335292A1 (de) 1993-10-15 1993-10-15 Glühkerze
DE4335292 1993-10-15

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0648977A2 EP0648977A2 (fr) 1995-04-19
EP0648977A3 EP0648977A3 (fr) 1995-08-16
EP0648977B1 true EP0648977B1 (fr) 1997-03-19
EP0648977B2 EP0648977B2 (fr) 2001-11-21

Family

ID=6500295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94114747A Expired - Lifetime EP0648977B2 (fr) 1993-10-15 1994-09-19 Bougie à incandescence

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5589091A (fr)
EP (1) EP0648977B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3712134B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE150537T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4335292A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2101416T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (32)

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DE19506950C2 (de) * 1995-02-28 1998-07-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren
US5676100A (en) * 1996-08-30 1997-10-14 Caterpillar Inc. Glow plug assembly
US5880432A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-03-09 Le-Mark International Ltd. Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body
US6144015A (en) * 1998-09-25 2000-11-07 General Motors Corporation Glow sensor--ceramic flat plate
DE19914619A1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-12 Beru Ag Verfahren zum abdichtenden Verschließen des anschlußseitigen Endbereichs des Glührohres einer Glühkerze und Glühkerzen mit verfahrensgemäßem Verschluß
US6184497B1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2001-02-06 Le-Mark International Ltd. Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
US6084212A (en) * 1999-06-16 2000-07-04 Le-Mark International Ltd Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
DE19930334C2 (de) * 1999-07-02 2003-07-31 Beru Ag Keramischer Heizstab und diesen enthaltende Glühkerze und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
WO2001016529A1 (fr) * 1999-08-27 2001-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie crayon de prechauffage en ceramique
HUP0202789A2 (en) * 1999-08-27 2003-01-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ceramic sheathed element glow plug
US6285008B1 (en) * 2000-01-11 2001-09-04 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Ignition plug and method of manufacture
DE10041282B4 (de) * 2000-08-22 2005-02-10 Beru Ag Verfahren zur Verbindung eines Heizstabes einer Glühkerze mit ihrem Glühkerzenkörper und eine entsprechende Glühkerze
US6346688B1 (en) * 2000-10-24 2002-02-12 O'donnell Steven B. Glow plug with crimp-secured washer and method
DE10053327C2 (de) * 2000-10-27 2003-04-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Stiftheizer
US6342690B1 (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-01-29 O'donnell Steven B. Glow plug assembly method and construction
JP2002359060A (ja) * 2001-05-31 2002-12-13 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ヒータ、及びヒータの製造方法
US6539905B1 (en) 2001-10-25 2003-04-01 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, L.L.C. Glow plug connection apparatus
DE10228077A1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-08 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mechanisch stabilen und elektrisch leitfähigen Verbindung zwischen einem metallischen Aufnahmeelement und einem vorzugsweise stiftförmigen keramischen Element, insbesondere bei Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren
DE10339641A1 (de) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit besonders eingebettetem Kontaktelement
US7115836B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-10-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug
DE102006016566B4 (de) * 2005-09-22 2008-06-12 Beru Ag Zusammengesetzter Leiter, insbesondere für Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren
JP5292317B2 (ja) * 2008-02-20 2013-09-18 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ
DE102008035036B3 (de) * 2008-07-26 2010-04-15 Beru Ag Keramische Glühkerze
WO2010060616A2 (fr) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-03 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Bougie de préchauffage et son procédé de fabrication
KR101525634B1 (ko) * 2009-03-30 2015-06-03 엔지케이 인슐레이터 엘티디 세라믹 히터 및 그 제조 방법
JP5436687B2 (ja) * 2010-09-27 2014-03-05 京セラ株式会社 ヒータおよびこれを備えたグロープラグ
EP2626630B1 (fr) * 2010-10-05 2019-06-26 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Procédé de production de bornes de bougie de préchauffage et procédé de production de bougies de préchauffage
DE102010062438A1 (de) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
JP5973222B2 (ja) * 2012-05-07 2016-08-23 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ及びその製造方法
JP6088897B2 (ja) * 2013-04-19 2017-03-01 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
US9644532B2 (en) * 2015-04-14 2017-05-09 Sheldon J. Demmons Autonomous glow driver for radio controlled engines
CN106912120A (zh) 2015-08-21 2017-06-30 重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司 一种陶瓷电热体

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DE4014356A1 (de) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-07 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehkerze
JP3044630B2 (ja) * 1991-02-06 2000-05-22 ボッシュ ブレーキ システム株式会社 セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ

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DE4133046A1 (de) * 1990-10-04 1992-04-09 Ngk Spark Plug Co Selbst-regulierende gluehkerze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2101416T5 (es) 2002-02-16
ES2101416T3 (es) 1997-07-01
JP3712134B2 (ja) 2005-11-02
US5589091A (en) 1996-12-31
EP0648977A3 (fr) 1995-08-16
ATE150537T1 (de) 1997-04-15
EP0648977B2 (fr) 2001-11-21
DE59402135D1 (de) 1997-04-24
JPH07217880A (ja) 1995-08-18
DE4335292A1 (de) 1995-04-20
EP0648977A2 (fr) 1995-04-19
DE59402135C5 (de) 2014-07-24

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