EP0708051A1 - Sicherheitsbremse für einen Aufzug - Google Patents

Sicherheitsbremse für einen Aufzug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0708051A1
EP0708051A1 EP95116413A EP95116413A EP0708051A1 EP 0708051 A1 EP0708051 A1 EP 0708051A1 EP 95116413 A EP95116413 A EP 95116413A EP 95116413 A EP95116413 A EP 95116413A EP 0708051 A1 EP0708051 A1 EP 0708051A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety brake
elevator
jaw
rope
elevator rope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95116413A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Seppo Häyrinen
Esko Aulanko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
Original Assignee
Kone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Publication of EP0708051A1 publication Critical patent/EP0708051A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/16—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes for action on ropes or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0043—Devices enhancing safety during maintenance
    • B66B5/005—Safety of maintenance personnel
    • B66B5/0056—Safety of maintenance personnel by preventing crushing
    • B66B5/0068—Safety of maintenance personnel by preventing crushing by activating the safety brakes when the elevator car exceeds a certain upper or lower position in the elevator shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/185—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by acting on main ropes or main cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety brake for a rope suspension elevator as defined in claim 1.
  • the wedge gripper is usually activated by means of a closed rope loop connected to the elevator car.
  • the rope loop is vertically laid out in the shaft and it passes over diverting pulleys placed at its top and bottom ends, with an overspeed governor usually placed at the upper end.
  • the overspeed governor stops the rope loop and, as the rope is linked with the grippers, these are activated by the rope.
  • operation of the elevator is restored by correcting the fault that led to an overspeed and then moving the elevator in the opposite direction relative to the direction of travel at the time of triggering. Moving the elevator in the opposite direction requires a great power.
  • US specification 5,101,937 presents a wedge action safety brake acting on the elevator rope that works during upward and downward overspeed.
  • wedge housings with wedges are mounted around the elevator rope on both sides of the traction sheave.
  • One of the wedge housings with a wedge functions during upward overspeed and the other during downward overspeed.
  • a safety brake according to US 5,101,937 can be installed both on a new elevator and as an accessory on an old elevator.
  • the wedge brake is provided with an overspeed governor with a rubber wheel leaning against the elevator ropes which activates the wedges.
  • this solution has the same drawbacks as the above-mentioned safety brakes acting on the guide rails, in other words, it is necessary to move the elevator or the counterweight to release the safety brake.
  • Other drawbacks can be found in the facts that the device requires a large space and that it needs two wedge housings with a wedge.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a new safety brake acting on the elevator rope and operating both in case of an upward overspeed and in case of a downward overspeed, a brake that develops a large force to stop the elevator, is advantageous in respect of price and easy to install in both new elevators and as retrofit in existing elevators.
  • a further object is to achieve a safety brake that can be released with only a small force without lifting the elevator or its counterweight.
  • the safety brake should also be easily applicable to hold the elevator during servicing of the elevator machinery.
  • the safety brake of the invention is characterized by what is said in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • Other features of the invention are presented in the other claims.
  • the safety brake of the invention is small-sized and easy to manufacture as a separate unit.
  • the safety brake is also easy to test prior to installation on an elevator and it can be easily installed on both new and old elevators.
  • the safety brake functions both in case of an upward overspeed and in case of a downward overspeed and its operation is voltage-independent and it can easily be associated with various inhibitions.
  • the safety brake of the invention is self-locking and requires only a small force to release it.
  • the elevator or the counterweight need not be moved to make the safety brake ready for operation.
  • the safety brake can easily be operated by remote control and it can be used as a hold brake to hold the elevator or counterweight stationary e.g. while maintenance work is going on. Easy control of the safety brake allows easy inspection of safety brake operation.
  • a further advantage is that the structure of the safety brake is applicable for stopping the governor rope in both upward and downward directions.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the placement of the safety brake 14 in an elevator.
  • an elevator car 2 supported by an elevator rope 8 moves vertically along guide rails 4 and 5.
  • One end of the elevator rope 8 is attached to the top part of the elevator shaft, from where the elevator rope is passed over a diverting pulley 10 on the elevator car, through the safety brake 14 and then back up to the elevator machinery 11.
  • the elevator rope 8 is further passed over a second diverting pulley 12 to a diverting pulley 9 on the counterweight 3 and then again to the top of the elevator shaft, where the other end of the elevator rope is fixed.
  • the counterweight moves along counterweight guide rails 6 and 7.
  • Fig. 2 presents the safety brake 14 of an elevator as seen from above along line A-A in Fig. 1.
  • the main parts of the safety brake 14 are a back stop 17, a jaw 18, a conveyor 19, a conveyor spring 20 and a conveyor spring winder 21.
  • the safety brake forms a compact unit assembled on a base 15 provided with an opening 16, through which the elevator rope 8 is passed between the back stop 17 and the jaw 18.
  • the base 15 may consist of separate parts joined together by means of screws.
  • the elevator rope 8 consists of a number of parallel ropes, in this case five ropes.
  • the safety brake 14 is fixed to the base 15 in the elevator machine room 13 by a known technique, e.g. with screws or by welding.
  • the back stop 17, conveyor 19 and spring winder 21 are fixed to the base 15 with their own fixing elements, preferably screws 22, 23 and 24.
  • the jaw 18 is attached to the conveyor 19 with a joint 25 and a the conveyor spring 20 is fixed by one end to the spring winder 21 by means of a screw 26 via the mounting base and by the other end to the shaft of the spring winder 21.
  • Fig. 3 presents the safety brake 14 along section B-B in Fig. 2 in a position corresponding to normal elevator operation, where the elevator can move in the directions indicated by the UP-DOWN arrows.
  • the frame 27 of the safety brake back stop 17 is fastened by its foot to the base 15 by means of screws 22.
  • the back stop 17 is a rectangular body and the side of its frame facing towards the ropes is provided with a slot and with a stop plate 28 in the slot.
  • the stop plate is attached to the frame 27 with two screws 29.
  • the stop plate 28 is coated with a friction material 54.
  • the friction material has a suitable friction for stopping the rope and in addition it reduces the surface pressure applied to the rope during safety brake action.
  • Mounted around the screws between the frame and the stop plate are discoidal springs 30. When a force is applied to the stop plate, the plate is pushed inwards into the slot.
  • the jaw 18 consists of a jaw stem 31 and a ram part 32 having a cylindrical surface.
  • the jaw is linked to the conveyor 19 by means of a joint 25 and sustained in a symmetrical balance position relative to the axial line 34 by means of a spring 58.
  • the cylindrical surface extends equally far above and below the axial line 34.
  • the centre of curvature 59 of the cylindrical surface lies on the axial line 34 outside the joint 25, so the jaw is a bilateral wabbler turnable in two directions.
  • the shape of the jaw can be varied, the jaw may be provided with grooves for each rope and its geometric form may differ somewhat from a cylindrical surface, and the cylindrical surface on either side of the axial line may be provided with a planar extension so that, at the final stage of the braking action, the rope will be squeezed between one of these planar parts and the stop plate 28.
  • the conveyor 19 consists of a frame part 35 attached to the base 15 by means of screws 23.
  • the conveyor 19 has a bearing bush 36 on the axial line 34 and a piston 37 inside the bush 36.
  • the piston can move with respect to the bush in the axial direction, but its rotation relative to the bearing 36 is prevented by a guide bar provided between the piston and the bearing bush.
  • the piston has a supporter 38 for the joint 25.
  • Inside the piston there is a threaded cylinder 39 laid in the direction of the axial line, and the piston 37 and the threaded cylinder 39 have a thread 40 between them.
  • the thread is self-locking, i.e.
  • the conveyor spring 20 is a spiral spring one end of which is fixed to the frame 44 of the spring winder 21 and the other end to the shaft 43 (see Fig. 7).
  • the shaft 43 has a boss in the region under the spiral spring.
  • Mounted on the other end of the shaft 43 is a mechanism for operating the spring winder, attached to the shaft by means of a chain sprocket 48. Placed at this other end of the shaft is also a fixture 55 for a manual actuator 56. Shaft movement in the direction of the axial line 34 is prevented.
  • the threaded cylinder 39 is fixed to the shaft 43 with a screw 41 and its rotation relative to the shaft 43 is prevented by a pin 42.
  • the threaded cylinder 39 is rotated, the shaft 43 is rotated as well and the piston 37 can move along the axial line 34, moving the jaw towards the elevator ropes 8.
  • the threaded cylinder 39, shaft 43 and piston 37 constitute a self-locking screw 57.
  • the threaded cylinder 39 and the shaft 43 can be integrated as a single part.
  • the spring winder 21 is fixed by its frame 44 to the base 15 by means of screws 24.
  • the shaft 43 is supported by the frame 44 by means of bearings 46.
  • Mounted with a bearing at the end of the shaft 43 is a cradle 47 to which the chain sprocket 48 is attached.
  • the coupling 45 is preferably a magnetic coupling with a field coil attached to the cradle and an armature which can move through a short distance in the direction of the axial line. When the magnetic coupling 45 is energized, its armature is linked to the cradle and the chain sprocket 48 can rotate the shaft 43.
  • Fig. 4 represents a situation where safety brake action has been started.
  • the safety brake is activated by disconnecting the voltage to the magnetic coupling. This breaks the torque link between the armature of the magnetic coupling on the shaft 43 and the cradle 47, whereupon the conveyor spring 20 starts to rotate the shaft 43.
  • the threaded cylinder 39 mounted on the shaft rotates with the shaft and pushes the piston 37 and the jaw 38 connected to it with a joint towards the back stop 17.
  • the jaw 18 has pushed the ropes 8 onto the back stop 17, so the air gaps between the ropes and the back stop have disappeared.
  • the situation presented in the figure is the same both in the case of upward overspeed and in the case of downward overspeed.
  • An overspeed in the up direction may occur e.g. in an elevator whose counterweight exerts on the elevator car a pull that exceeds the weight of the elevator car and its passengers.
  • the elevator rope 8 is squeezed between the ram part 32 of the jaw 18 and the stop plate 28 of the back stop 17 and the jaw is turned about the joint 25 in the direction of rope movement.
  • the friction between the rope 8 and the ram part 32 and between the rope and the stop plate 28 retards the rope movement, finally stopping it altogether.
  • Fig. 5 presents the final situation after an upward overspeed situation.
  • the elevator rope 8 has been squeezed between the ram part 32 and the stop plate 28. Via the medium of the rope 8, the ram part 32 has pressed the stop plate 28 partially into the back stop 17, compressing the discoidal springs 30.
  • the turning movement of the jaw 18 has been stopped by a stopper 33.
  • the safety brake develops the desired braking force.
  • the braking force of the safety brake can be altered e.g. by replacing the discoidal springs 30 with springs having a different spring constant or by shifting the back stop 17 in the direction of the axial line 34.
  • a safety brake jaw of an eccentric shape is based on the fact that the eccentric shape develops an additional force acting in the same direction with the force pushing the jaw, so the pushing force exerted by the conveyor can be much smaller, in other words, the eccentric structure enhances the force applied to the rope.
  • Fig. 6 shows the position of the safety brake components after a downward overspeed. In respect of the safety brake components, the situation is the same as above except that the jaw has now turned downwards and its turning movement has been stopped by the other stopper 53.
  • Fig. 7 presents the conveyor spring 20 of the safety brake as seen from the direction of the axial line 34.
  • the conveyor spring may consist of a single spiral spring element or several elements in parallel.
  • the outer end of the spiral spring is attached with a screw 26 to the spring winder 21.
  • the inner end of the spiral spring is fixed to the shaft 43.
  • the up/down overspeed signal required for the activation of the safety brake is produced by a known technique, e.g. by means of an overspeed governor or tachometer or the like.
  • the overspeed signal controls a switching device used to switch off the current to the magnetic coupling.
  • the safety brake performs its complete braking sequence independently of external voltages under the control of its internal energy source, the spiral conveyor spring.
  • the safety brake is fully capable of being remotely controlled and the releasing and closing of the brake can easily be associated with various inhibitions of elevator operation.
  • the safety brake can be activated (closed) by disconnecting the power to the magnetic coupling, and this can be effected by various electric signals such as "doors open due to malfunction”, “failure of mains supply”, “elevator motor unstable”, “excessive wear of operating brake”, “serviceman's locking switch”, “elevator out of use”, and so on.
  • the release of the safety brake can be associated with appropriate electric inhibitions, such as signals indicating the correct state of the motor, brake, electric drive and safety equipment.
  • the safety brake is provided with a manual release gear for use in the event of a power failure.
  • the safety brake is constructed as a separate unit whose testing is easy to carry out using mere elevator ropes running in a testing apparatus.
  • the bidirectional safety brake of the invention can also be constructed as a design in which the stoppers 33 and 53 and the hinged jaw 18 are mounted on the frame 27 of the back stop and the stop plate 28 is attached to the piston 37.
  • the conveyor 19 moves the stop plate 28 towards the jaw 18 and the rope is stopped by the principle explained in the description of Fig. 4-6, i.e. the rope is arrested between the jaw 18 and the stop plate 28.
  • the safety brake can also be used for stopping the governor rope of the elevator in both directions.
  • the elevator rope 8 in Fig. 3-6 would be replaced with a governor rope.
  • the size of the safety brake and the forces required to stop the rope are substantially smaller than in a safety brake used for stopping the elevator.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
EP95116413A 1994-10-21 1995-10-18 Sicherheitsbremse für einen Aufzug Withdrawn EP0708051A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI944981A FI96838C (fi) 1994-10-21 1994-10-21 Hissin turvajarru
FI944981 1994-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0708051A1 true EP0708051A1 (de) 1996-04-24

Family

ID=8541651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116413A Withdrawn EP0708051A1 (de) 1994-10-21 1995-10-18 Sicherheitsbremse für einen Aufzug

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0708051A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08208149A (de)
KR (1) KR960013971A (de)
CN (1) CN1129190A (de)
AU (1) AU3436795A (de)
BR (1) BR9504505A (de)
CA (1) CA2160830A1 (de)
FI (1) FI96838C (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005009883A1 (de) * 2003-07-22 2005-02-03 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Seilbremse
WO2006069442A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 Louis Morissette Braking mechanism for moving assemblies
CN105540383A (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-05-04 上海盛蒂斯自动化设备有限公司 防止轿厢意外移动的夹绳器装置
US9434576B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2016-09-06 Kone Corporation Backup circuit for electricity supply, elevator system, and method for ensuring electricity supply of an electronic overspeed governor
WO2018099979A1 (de) * 2016-12-02 2018-06-07 Siemag Tecberg Gmbh Förderanlage für endlager
US20190135596A1 (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-09 Wenger Corporation Line brake
EP3286123B1 (de) 2015-04-21 2020-04-08 thyssenkrupp Stairlifts B.V. Treppenlift
CN113860113A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-31 伟龙意程智能科技(江苏)有限公司 一种电梯用偏心轮型安全钳结构

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100464334B1 (ko) * 1997-12-31 2005-04-06 삼성전자주식회사 자동 호 분배 기능을 갖는 사설교환시스템에서 그룹 전체에대한 호 서비스 상태 표시 방법
KR100370747B1 (ko) * 2000-09-09 2003-02-06 (주)동광사우 엘리베이터용 비상 제동 장치
KR100454158B1 (ko) * 2002-04-23 2004-10-26 김해덕 엘리베이터 안전장치
DE502004007232D1 (de) * 2003-06-16 2008-07-03 Invento Ag Seilbremse für einen aufzug
KR100643909B1 (ko) * 2004-04-08 2006-11-10 (주)동광사우 엘리베이터용 비상 제동 장치
JP4601682B2 (ja) * 2008-03-12 2010-12-22 株式会社日立製作所 エレベーター装置
BRPI0910723B1 (pt) * 2008-04-21 2020-05-12 Hollister-Whitney Elevator Corp. Aparelho e método de frenagem
CN102815637B (zh) * 2012-08-13 2015-06-10 吴江信谊精密五金有限公司 电梯曳引绳制动器
CN104555793B (zh) * 2013-02-02 2017-01-25 江苏武东机械有限公司 自锁盘式制动器
CN104071672A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-10-01 长沙环康环保科技有限公司 一种电梯应急电感限速装置器
JP6395922B2 (ja) * 2015-03-18 2018-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータの非常止め装置およびエレベータシステム
CN111377334A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 上海三菱电梯有限公司 电梯制动部件及制动装置
CN112499505A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-16 广东电网能源发展有限公司 一种机动绞磨防跑器
CN115650091B (zh) * 2022-10-31 2025-01-24 山东科技大学 一种柔性缆绳排揽机构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR330353A (fr) * 1903-03-17 1903-08-17 Alfred Harrison Meech Perfectionnements dans les appareils de sureté pour ascenseurs
CH568870A5 (en) * 1973-03-12 1975-11-14 Eidgenoess Tech Hochschule Brake system for ski lifts and cableways - has wedge shaped needle bearing mounted emergency brake
US3976168A (en) * 1975-09-02 1976-08-24 Daniel G. Durfee Mechanical disc brake having an automatic slack adjustor
US4819765A (en) 1986-05-06 1989-04-11 Kone Elevator Gmbh Arrester device for elevators
US5096020A (en) 1989-12-14 1992-03-17 Kone Elevator Gmbh Elevator safety apparatus
US5183979A (en) 1991-07-22 1993-02-02 Otis Elevator Company Elevator governor rope restraint when elevator car moves with car doors open

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR330353A (fr) * 1903-03-17 1903-08-17 Alfred Harrison Meech Perfectionnements dans les appareils de sureté pour ascenseurs
CH568870A5 (en) * 1973-03-12 1975-11-14 Eidgenoess Tech Hochschule Brake system for ski lifts and cableways - has wedge shaped needle bearing mounted emergency brake
US3976168A (en) * 1975-09-02 1976-08-24 Daniel G. Durfee Mechanical disc brake having an automatic slack adjustor
US4819765A (en) 1986-05-06 1989-04-11 Kone Elevator Gmbh Arrester device for elevators
US5096020A (en) 1989-12-14 1992-03-17 Kone Elevator Gmbh Elevator safety apparatus
US5183979A (en) 1991-07-22 1993-02-02 Otis Elevator Company Elevator governor rope restraint when elevator car moves with car doors open

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005009883A1 (de) * 2003-07-22 2005-02-03 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Seilbremse
KR100744692B1 (ko) * 2003-07-22 2007-08-01 티센크루프 엘리베이터 에이지 케이블 브레이크
US7377371B2 (en) 2003-07-22 2008-05-27 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Rope brake
US7510059B2 (en) 2003-07-22 2009-03-31 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Rope brake
WO2006069442A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 Louis Morissette Braking mechanism for moving assemblies
US9434576B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2016-09-06 Kone Corporation Backup circuit for electricity supply, elevator system, and method for ensuring electricity supply of an electronic overspeed governor
EP3286123B1 (de) 2015-04-21 2020-04-08 thyssenkrupp Stairlifts B.V. Treppenlift
CN105540383A (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-05-04 上海盛蒂斯自动化设备有限公司 防止轿厢意外移动的夹绳器装置
WO2018099979A1 (de) * 2016-12-02 2018-06-07 Siemag Tecberg Gmbh Förderanlage für endlager
EA039051B1 (ru) * 2016-12-02 2021-11-26 Сиемаг Текберг Гмбх Система подъемника для хранилищ
US20190135596A1 (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-09 Wenger Corporation Line brake
CN113860113A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-31 伟龙意程智能科技(江苏)有限公司 一种电梯用偏心轮型安全钳结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR960013971A (ko) 1996-05-22
CA2160830A1 (en) 1996-04-22
JPH08208149A (ja) 1996-08-13
FI96838C (fi) 1996-09-10
BR9504505A (pt) 1997-05-20
FI944981A0 (fi) 1994-10-21
CN1129190A (zh) 1996-08-21
FI96838B (fi) 1996-05-31
AU3436795A (en) 1996-05-02

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