Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants

Definitions

• the present invention is directed to new compounds with high optical purity, their use in medicine, a process for their preparation and their use in the manufacture of pharmaceutical preparation.
• the invention also relates to novel intermediates in the preparation of the compounds of the invention.
• the present invention provides such compounds, which are novel salts of single enantiomers of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-2- pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-lH-ber-zimidazole as well as the novel single enantiomers of the neutral form of said compound.
• omeprazole (5-methoxy-2-[[(4-methoxy- 3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridmyl)methyl]sulfmyl]-lH-benzimidazole) in analytical scale is described in e.g. J. Chromatography, 532 (1990), 305-19.
• the isolation of single enantiomers of the sulfoxide agent Ro 18-5364 is described in Euro. J. Biochem. 166 (1987) 453-459.
• separation of the enantiomers of omeprazole in a preparative scale is described in DE 4035455.
• the present invention in a further aspect provides a novel method for preparing the novel compounds of the invention in large scale.
• this novel method can be used in large scale to obtain single enantiomers of the compound of the invention in neutral form, as well as in the form of the therapeutically acceptable salts.
• novel compounds of the invention could be expected to undergo racemization in neutral pH as well as in basic pH. See for example Brandstr ⁇ m et al. Acta Chemica Scandinavica 43 (1989) p. 536-547.
• the inventors now found that the novel single enantiomers of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4- cyclopropybnethoxy-2-pyridinyl)me yl]sulfmyl]-lH-benzimidazole as well as its therapeutically acceptable salts are stable towards racemization.
• the present invention refers to the new single enantiomers of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4- cyclopropyl-methoxy-2-pyridmyl)memyl]sulfmyl]-lH-ber ⁇ irnidazole according to compounds la and lb la (+)-enantiomer lb (-)-enantiomer
• Such salts are for example the Na + , Mg2+, Ca2+, Li + , K + and N + (R)4 salts of the single enantiomers of said compound, where R is an alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, i.e.
• Particularly preferred salts of the compound of the invention are the Na + , Mg2+ and Ca2+ salts of the single enantiomers of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4-cyclopropylmethoxy-2- pyridmyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-lH-benzimidazole.
• the most preferred compounds of the invention are the optically pure Na + salts of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4-cyclopropyjteethoxy-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-lH- benzimidazole according to compounds Ha and lib
• optically pure compound of the invention is meant the (+)- enantiomer of said compound essentially free from the corresponding (-)- enantiomer and the (-)-enantiomer essentially free from the corresponding (+)- enantiomer, respectively.
• every single compound of the invention is obtained in high optical purity.
• the compounds of the invention are easy to obtain.
• the novel optically pure compounds are stable towards racemization in neutral pH as well as basic pH.
• the single enantiomeric compounds of the invention as well as the racemate show exceedingly high bioavailability, and still said compounds are very effective as inhibitors of gastric acid secretion and exhibit a high chemical stability in solution at a neutral pH.
• the compounds according to the invention may be used for inhibiting gastric acid secretion in mammals and man.
• the single enantiomeric compounds of the invention may be used for the treatment of gastric acid-related diseases and gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases in mammals and man, such as gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, reflux esophagi tis, and gastritis.
• the compounds may be used for treatment of other gastrointestinal disorders where gastric antisecretory effect is desirable e.g. in patients on NSAID therapy, in patients with gastrinomas, and in patients with accute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. They may also be used in patients in intensive care situations, and pre- and postoperatively to prevent acid aspiration and stress ulceration.
• the compound of the invention may also be used for treatment or prophylaxis of inflammatory conditions in mammals, including man, especially those involving lysozymal enzymes. Conditions that may be specifically mentioned are rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
• the compound of the invention may be also useful in the treatment of psoriasis as well as in the treatment of Helicobacter infections.
• a further aspect of the invention is the diasteromeric mixture of a regioisomeric mixture having the formula IV, which is an intermediate used in the specific method of preparation, wherein the fluoro substituent in the benzimidazole moiety is in position 5 or 6.
• optically pure compounds of the invention i.e. the single enantiomers
• the optically pure compounds of the invention are prepared by separating the stereoisomers of a diastereomeric mixture of the regioisomeric mixture of the following type, 5- and 6-fluoro-2-[[(4- cyclopropylmethoxy-2-pyridinyl)methyl]-(R/S)-sulfinyl]-l-[(R)-acyloxymethyl]- lH-benzimidazole, formula V
• the fluoro substituent in the benzimidazole moiety is in position 5 or 6, and wherein the Acyl radical is as defined below, followed by a solvolysis of each separated diastereomer in an alkaline solution.
• the formed single enantiomeric compounds of the invention in neutral form are then isolated by neutralizing aqueous solutions of the salts of said compounds with a neutralizing agent which can be an acid or an ester such as methyl formate.
• a neutralizing agent which can be an acid or an ester such as methyl formate.
• the Acyl moiety in the diastereomeric ester may be a chiral acyl group such as mandeloyl, and the asymmetric center in the chiral acyl group can have either R or S configuration.
• the diastereomeric esters can be separated either by chromatography or fractional crystallization.
• T e solvolysis usually takes place together with a base in a protic solvent such as alcohols or water; or with a base in a mixture of acetonitrile and water, but the acyl group may also be hydrolysed off by a base in an aprotic solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylformamide.
• the reacting base may be OH" or R ⁇ O" where R ⁇ can be any alkyl or aryl group.
• the resulting compound in neutral form is treated with a base, such as NaOH, in an aqueous or nonaqueous medium, or with NaOR ⁇ wherein R ⁇ is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, or with NaNH2- Also alkaline salts wherein the cation is Li + or K + may be prepared using lithium or potassium salts of the above mentioned bases.
• a base such as NaOH
• NaOR ⁇ wherein R ⁇ is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms
• alkaline salts wherein the cation is Li + or K + may be prepared using lithium or potassium salts of the above mentioned bases.
• the crystalline form of the single enantiomers of the Na + salt may also be prepared by adding NaOH to a mixture of the single enantiomeric compound of invention in neutral form and a non-aqueous medium, such as a mixture of 2- butanone and toluene.
• the optically pure compound of the invention in the neutral form is treated with a base, such as Mg(OR3)2, wherein R ⁇ is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, in a non- aqueous solvent such as alcohol (only for alcoholates), e.g. ROH, or in an ether such as tetrahydrofuran.
• a base such as Mg(OR3)2 wherein R ⁇ is an alkyl group containing 1-4 carbon atoms
• a non- aqueous solvent such as alcohol (only for alcoholates), e.g. ROH, or in an ether such as tetrahydrofuran.
• the optically pure Mg 2+ salts may also be prepared by treating single enantiomeric compound of the invention as a sodium salt with an aqueous solution of an inorganic magnesium salt such as MgCl2, whereupon the Mg2+ salts are precipitated.
• alkaline salts wherein the cation is Ca ⁇ + can be prepared, using an aqueous solution of an inorganic calcium salt such as CaCl2- Alkaline salts of the single enantiomers of the invention are, as mentioned above, beside the sodium salts (compounds Ila and Hb) and the magnesium salts (compound LLIa and IHb), exemplified by their salts with Li + , K + , Ca2+ and N + (R)4, where R is an alkyl group with 1-4 C-atoms.
• an inorganic calcium salt such as CaCl2- Alkaline salts of the single enantiomers of the invention are, as mentioned above, beside the sodium salts (compounds Ila and Hb) and the magnesium salts (compound LLIa and IHb), exemplified by their salts with Li + , K + , Ca2+ and N + (R)4, where R is an alkyl group with 1-4 C-atoms.
• the single enantiomers, i.e. the optically pure compounds, of the invention are formulated into pharmaceutical formulations for oral, rectal, parenteral or other modes of administrations.
• the pharmaceutical formulations contain the single enantiomers of the invention normally in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the carrier may be in form of a solid, semi- solid or liquid diluent, or capsule.
• These pharmaceutical preparations are a further object of the invention.
• the amount of active compound is between 0.1- 95% by weight of the preparation, between 0.2-20% by weight in preparations for parenteral use and between 1-50% by weight in preparations for oral administration.
• An active compound in a form with high solubility in water is requested for a parenteral preparation, for some oral preparations an active compound in a form with low solubility is suitable.
• the pure enantiomeric compound may be mixed with a solid, powdered carrier, such as lactose, saccharose, sorbitol, mannitol, starch, amylopectin, cellulose derivates, gelatin or another suitable carrier, stabilizing substances such as alkaline compounds e.g. carbonates, hydroxides and oxides of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like as well as with lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate and polyethylenglycol waxes.
• a solid, powdered carrier such as lactose, saccharose, sorbitol, mannitol, starch, amylopectin, cellulose derivates, gelatin or another suitable carrier
• stabilizing substances such as alkaline compounds e.g. carbonates, hydroxides and oxides of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like as well as with lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, calcium
• Granules and tablets may be coated with an enteric coating which protects the active compound from acid catalysed degradation as long as the dosage form remains in the stomach.
• the enteric coating is chosen among pharmaceutically acceptable enteric-coating materials e.g. beeswax, shellac or anionic film-forming polymers and the like, if preferred in combination with a suitable plasticizer. To the coating various dyes may be added in order to distinguish among tablets or granules with different amounts of the active compound present.
• Soft gelatine capsules may be prepared with capsules containing a mixture of the active compound, vegetable oil, fat, or other suitable vehicle for soft gelatine capsules. Soft gelatine capsules may also be enteric-coated as described above.
• Hard gelatine capsules may contain granules or enteric-coated granules of the active compound. Hard gelatine capsules may also contain the active compound in combination with a solid powdered carrier such as lactose, saccharose, sorbitol, mannitol, potato starch, amylopectm, cellulose derivates or gelatin. The capsules may be enteric-coated as described above.
• Dosage units for rectal administration may be prepared in the form of suppositories which contain the active substance mixed with a neutral fat base, or they may be prepared in the form of a gelatine rectal capsule which contains the active substance in a mixture with a vegetable oil, paraffin oil or other suitable vehicle for gelatine rectal capsules, or they may be prepared in the form of a ready-made micro enema, or they may be prepared in the form of a dry micro enema formulation to be reconstituted in a suitable solvent just prior to administration.
• Liquid preparation for oral administration may be prepared in the form of syrups or suspensions, e.g. solutions or suspensions containing from 0.2% to 20% by weight of the active ingredient and the remainder consisting of sugar or sugar alcohols and a mixture of ethanoL water, glycerol, propylene glycol and /or polyethylene glycol. If desired, such liquid preparations may contain colouring agents, flavouring agents, saccharine and carboxymethyl cellulose or other thickening agents.
• Liquid preparations for oral administration may also be prepared in the form of dry powder to be reconstituted with a suitable solvent prior to use.
• Solutions for parenteral administrations may be prepared as solutions of the optically pure compounds of the invention in pharmaceutically acceptable solvents, preferably in a concentration from 0.1 to 10% by weight. These solutions may also contain stabilizing agents and /or buffering agents and may be manufactured in different unit dose ampoules or vials. Solutions for parenteral adrninistration may also be prepared as dry preparations to be reconsituted with a suitable solvent extemporaneously before use.
• the typical daily dose of the active compound will depend on various factors such as for example the individual requirement of each patient, the route of administration and the disease. In general, oral and parenteral dosages will be in the range of 5 to 500 mg per day of active substance.
• CDCI3 0.3-0.4 (m, 2H), 0.6-0.7 (m, 2H), 1.1-1.3 (m, IH),
• a syrup containing 1% (weight per volume) of active substance was prepared from the following ingredients:
• An enteric coated tablet containing 50 mg of active compound was prepared from the following ingredients:
• Methylene chloride 2000 g I Compound according to Example 7, powder was mixed with lactose and granulated with a water solution of methyl cellulose and sodium carbonate. The wet mass was forced through a sieve and the granulate dried in an oven. After drying the granulate was mixed with polyvinylpyrrolidone and magnesium stearate. The dry mixture was pressed into tablet cores (10 000 tablets), each tablet containing 50 mg of active substance, in a tabletting machine using 7 mm diameter punches.
• a parenteral formulation for intravenous use containing 4 mg of active compound per ml, was prepared from the following ingredients:
• the active compound was dissolved in water to a final volume of 1000 ml.
• the solution was filtered through a 0.22 urn filter and immediately dispensed into 10 ml sterile ampoules. The ampoules were sealed.
• Capsules containing 30 mg of active compound were prepared from the following ingredients:
• Purified water q.s. The active compound was mixed with the dry ingredients and granulated with a solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate. The wet mass was forced through an extruder and spheronized and dried in a fluidized bed dryer.
• the final coated pellets were filled into capsules.
• Suppositories were prepared from the following ingredients using a welding procedure. Each suppository contained 40 mg of active compound.
• the active compound was homogenously mixed with Witepsol H-15 at a temperature of 41° C.
• the molten mass was volume filled into pre-fabricated suppository packages to a net weight of 1.84 g. After cooling the packages were heat sealed.
• Each suppository contained 40 mg of active compound.
• the stability of the optically pure compounds of the invention towards racemization has been measured at low concentrations (10 " 5 M) at 37°C in aqueous buffer solutions at pH 7 and pH 11.
• the stereo chemical stability was measured by comparing the optical purity for the (+)-isomer of 5-fluoro-2-[[(4- c clopropyln ⁇ ethoxy-2-pyridmyl)memyl]sulfmyl]-lH-benzirmdazo in buffer solution immediately after dissolving and after several hours.
• the surprising high stereo chemical stability in neutral as well as in alkaline conditions for the compounds of invention is exemplified by the fact that no racemization for the test compound was obtained neither at pH 7 nor at pH 11, even after 28 hours. At pH 7, however, the chemical degradation of the compounds are much apparent after 28 hours.

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• 1994
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