EP0720476A1 - Pharmazeutische zusammensetzung enthaltend eine einschlusscomplex wirkstoff/beita-cyclodextrin kombiniert mit sauere-basen paar - Google Patents

Pharmazeutische zusammensetzung enthaltend eine einschlusscomplex wirkstoff/beita-cyclodextrin kombiniert mit sauere-basen paar

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Publication number
EP0720476A1
EP0720476A1 EP94926129A EP94926129A EP0720476A1 EP 0720476 A1 EP0720476 A1 EP 0720476A1 EP 94926129 A EP94926129 A EP 94926129A EP 94926129 A EP94926129 A EP 94926129A EP 0720476 A1 EP0720476 A1 EP 0720476A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pharmaceutical composition
acid
drug
cyclodextrin
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94926129A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Timothy James SmithKline Beecham GRATTAN
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SmithKline Beecham Ltd
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SmithKline Beecham Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SmithKline Beecham Ltd filed Critical SmithKline Beecham Ltd
Publication of EP0720476A1 publication Critical patent/EP0720476A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
    • A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0002—Galenical forms characterised by the drug release technique; Application systems commanded by energy
    • A61K9/0007—Effervescent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a drug 5 which is lipophilic and has poor water solubility in the form of a clathrate complex, a process for its preparation, and a palatable formulation thereof suitable for oral consumption.
  • the invention relates to a composition containing a non- steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug as a cyclodextrin clathrate complex suitable for oral consumption in aqueous solution.
  • NSAID non- steroidal anti-inflammatory
  • NSAIDs non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents
  • drugs such as ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen which have utility in providing relief from pain and inflammation associated with a wide range of disorders including for example chronic disease states such as arthritis.
  • Ibuprofen is also widely indicated for the treatment of symptoms associated with the common cold and flu.
  • NSAID such as ibuprofen, naproxen or ketoprofen
  • NSAID's such as ibuprofen have proved to be very suitable as candidates for
  • JP 56-46837 discloses a method for the preparation of an ibuprofen- ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrate complex involving the combination of ibuprofen with ⁇ -cyclodextrin in water at elevated temperature and isolation of the clathrate by spray-drying. This method is reported to
  • US Patent No 4,762,702 discloses a pharmaceutical preparation in which ibuprofen particles are enveloped by a coating of a hydro-colloid and fumaric acid which is intended to reduce the irritant effects of orally ingested ibuprofen.
  • An effervescent formulation incorporating citric acid and calcium carbonate into the preparation is also described.
  • United Kingdom patent publication GB 2,219,585 discloses a complex of ⁇ -cyclodextrin with the sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium, calcium, arginine, glycine or lysine salt of ibuprofen, having a molar ratio of ibuprofen to ⁇ -cyclodextrin in the range 1:0.2 to 1:0.75.
  • the complexes may be formulated with a buffer system or an effervescent couple incorporating a pharmaceutically acceptable acid salt to provide a pH in the range 6 to 8 on reconstitution with water.
  • European patent publication 0490 193 discloses complexes of the active enantiomer of ibuprofen and/or its physiologically tolerated salts with a cyclodextrin and /or a cyclodextrin derivative. Although there is disclosed an ibuprofen effervescent tablet formulation, it is not soluble in the volume of water needed to form a therapeutically acceptable composition.
  • the present invention provides a further drug-cyclodextrin complex formulation which is suitable for administration as an aqueous solution, and which is palatable and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the formulation according to the present invention provides a therapeutically active dose of the drug as a complex with ⁇ - cyclodextrin.
  • the formulation is suitable for reconstitution with cold water and provides a pleasant tasting solution at acid or neutral pH. It has been found that when formulated in the presence of an acid-base couple, preferably an effervescent acid-base couple, a drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex, which in isolation is soluble in water only at elevated temperatures, has enhanced solubility and dissolves in cold water to provide a therapeutic drug dose as a single- dose, liquid formulation.
  • a pharmaceutical composition for oral consumption in aqueous solution comprising a drug/ ⁇ - cyclodextrin complex
  • the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable acid-base couple, preferably an effervescent acid-base couple, in a quantity sufficient to cause the drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex to dissolve when the composition is mixed with cold water and provide a solution with acid or neutral pH.
  • Suitable non-effervescent acid-base couples for use in the invention are those commonly known in the art, for example a combination of a water soluble acid and a conjugate base in the form of a sodium or potassium salt.
  • Suitable effervesent couples are also commonly known in the art, for example a combination of one or more water soluble acidic substances with one or more basic compounds which liberate carbon dioxide on neutralisation with acid.
  • suitable acids for use in the invention include, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid and other edible organic acids.
  • Suitable salts of organic acids include mono- di- and tri-basic salts, for example monosodium citrate, trisodium citrate, monosodium tartrate, trisodium tartrate and other salts of edible organic acids.
  • Inorganic acidic substances such as monosodium phosphate are also suitable components of acid-base couples.
  • suitable bases for use in the invention include sodium carbonate, percarbonate and bicarbonate, and other alkali metal and alkali earth metal carbonates, percarbonates and bicarbonates, and mixed carbonate salts, such as sodium glycine carbonate and potasium glycine carbonate.
  • the preferred acid-base couple for this invention is an effervescent couple which contains citric and/or tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate and/or carbonate.
  • the amount of couple required to solubilise the drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex will depend on the amount and type of drug used.
  • a minimum level of couple considered acceptable in a composition of the invention is an amount such that the weight of couple is greater than about 1 % of the weight of water in which it is designed to be reconstituted or is greater than 1 % of the weight of water in which it is to be dissolved, ie the final concentration of the couple on reconstitution in water (not allowing for loss of carbon dioxide for effervescent couples) should be greater than about 1% by weight.
  • compositions of the present invention are suitably administered as pleasant tasting solutions in the pH range 4.0 to 7.0.
  • the constituents of acid-base couples suitable for use in compositions of the invention and their relative amounts may be selected using principles well known in the art of pharmaceutical drug formulation.
  • An acid-base couple for use in compositions of the invention may be designed so that the final pH of the formulation following reconstitution with water is in the range of 4.0 - 7.0 and preferably in the range of 5.0 - 6.5.
  • the pH of solutions resulting from reconstitution of the couple in water may be adjusted by altering the ratio of the alkali and acid components of the couple. If the couple is designed so that the final pH of the formulation following reconstitution with water falls below the specified range there may be a tendency for the drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrate to precipitate, which detracts from the appearance and palatibility of the product. If the couple is designed to so that the final pH following reconstitution is above the specified range then the solution will impart an alkaline /soapy taste.
  • Preferred drugs for use in the compositions of the present invention include lipophilic NSAID's, for example propionic acid derivatives such as ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen.
  • drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrates which are suitable for use in this invention include ibuprofen / ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrates, naproxen / ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrates, ketoprofen / ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrates and clathlerates of ⁇ -cyclodextrin with other propionic acid type NSAID's.
  • the invention may use clathrates of ⁇ -cyclodextrin with salts of ibuprofen, naproxen and other propionic acid type NSAID's, for example metal salts, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, or amino-acid salts such as arginine, ornithine or lysine.
  • metal salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium
  • amino-acid salts such as arginine, ornithine or lysine.
  • the drugs according to this invention may be as either the racemate or enantiomers. Any reference to the drug is intended to cover all active forms and may be either in the R or S enantiomer or racemate form.
  • the molar ratio of ⁇ -cyclodextrin to drug (or drug salt) may be in the range 0.8:1 to 10:1, suitably in the range 1:1 to 10: 1, more suitably in the range 1:1 to 5:1 and preferably in the range 1:1 to 3:1. If the ratio falls below this range, an insufficient amount of the drug will be complexed which will lead to a deterioration in taste properties of the final product, and undissolved drug following reconstitution with water. If the amount of cyclodextrin is excessive then, for effervescent formulations, there is a tendency for excessive foam formation on mixing the formulation with water which may lead to loss of some of the formulation.
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of a pharmacetical composition of the invention which process comprises the admixture of a drug/ ⁇ - cyclodextrin clathrate complex and an acid-base couple.
  • a drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex may be prepared by heating the drug and ⁇ - cyclodextrin in water or in a buffered aqueous solution, suitably to a temperature of 100°C, followed by crystallisation of the drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex from the solution thus formed, suitably by maintaining the solution in the temperature range -5 to 20°C.
  • a drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex may be made by any other method known in the art, for example by a co-precipitation or kneading method or by spray-drying a solution of the drug and ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
  • the acid-base couple may be prepared by any method known in the art, for example by dry mixing the components of the couple in a suitable mixer, or by granulation using a rotary granulator, fluid-bed granulator or other suitable granulator, followed by drying to remove residual moisture. If granulation is the chosen method of preparation, other components of the formulation may be included into the granulation step, for example part, or all of the drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrate, flavours, sweeteners and colours.
  • a composition of the invention may be formulated in any convenient form, for example as a tablet for solution, or alternatively in powder or granular form for reconstitution with water or as a ready-to-drink preparation.
  • compositions of the invention may be formulated with any appropriate carrier or adjuvant appropriate to the chosen dosage form.
  • compositions of the invention may include for example preservatives, suspending agents, wetting agents, flavouring agents, bulking agents, binders, adhesives, lubricants, disintegrants, colouring agents, sweetening agents, adsorbents, thickeners and diluents, appropriate to their form.
  • compositions of the invention containing a drug/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex and an acid-base couple may in addition include additional pharmaceutical agents suitable for administration therewith which are not complexed with ⁇ -cyclodextrin, including for example analgesics, antiinflammatories and antipyretics and also expectorants, antihistamines, decongestants and antitussive agents, such as for example phenypropanolamine, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, dextromethorphan, caffeine, codeine and ascorbic acid.
  • additional pharmaceutical agents suitable for administration therewith which are not complexed with ⁇ -cyclodextrin, including for example analgesics, antiinflammatories and antipyretics and also expectorants, antihistamines, decongestants and antitussive agents, such as for example phenypropanolamine, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, dextromethorphan, caffeine, codeine
  • Examples (1 to 18) are illustrative of the invention.
  • Examples (A to G) are outside the scope of the invention but are included to further demonstrate aspects of the invention.
  • abbreviation BCD refers to ⁇ - cyclodextrin undecahydrate ( ⁇ -cyclodextrin. I IH2O).
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 200ml of cold water (15°C) to give an effervescent, pleasant tasting, clear solution, which contained 400mg ibuprofen / 200 ml of water at a pH of approximately 6.3.
  • Ibuprofen/BCD clathrate for reconstitution with cold water Ingredients 2 and 3 were seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen and mixed in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes. A small aliquot of water was added and the product was mixed for a further 5 minutes and then placed on stainless steel trays and dried for 2 hours at 60°C. The resulting granule was sieved through a 500 ⁇ m screen mixed for 5 minutes with ingredients 1 and 4 and then filled into sachets, (target fill weight 6.428g) with each sachet containing the equivalent of 200mg ibuprofen.
  • ⁇ CD/Naproxen Clathrate (1.8:1) ⁇ -cyclodextrin (120.3g, 90mM) was dissolved in water (500ml) at 100°C. Naproxen (11.5 g 50mM) was added and the resulting solution was cooled to 1°C to give a white precipitate, which was dried at 60°C in a convection oven for 16 hours. The product, a white solid, was sieved through a 500 ⁇ m screen to yield 1 lOg of ⁇ CD/naproxen clathrate, containing about 9.4% naproxen.
  • Naproxen/ ⁇ CD clathrate for reconstitution with cold water Ingredients 2 and 3 were seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen and mixed in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes. A small aliquot of water was added and the product was mixed for a further 5 minutes and then placed on stainless steel trays and dried for 2 hours at 60°C. The resulting granule was sieved through a 500 ⁇ m screen, mixed for 5 minutes with ingredients 1 and 4, and then filled into sachets, (target fill weight 7.38g) with each sachet containing the equivalent of 200mg naproxen
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150mls cold water (15°C) to give an effervescent, pleasant tasting, clear solution, which contained 200mg naproxen/ 150 ml of water at a pH of approximately 6.0.
  • Ingredients 2 and 3 were seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen and mixed in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes. A small aliquot of water was added and the product was mixed for a further 5 minutes and then placed on stainless steel trays and dried for 2 hours at 60°C. The resulting granule was sieved through a 500 ⁇ m screen, mixed for 5 minutes with ingredients 1 and 4, and then filled into sachets, (target fill weight 7.614g) with each sachet containing the equivalent of 400mg naproxen.
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 200mls cold water (15°C) to give an effervescent, pleasant tasting, clear solution, which contained 400mg naproxen/ 200 ml of water at a pH of approximately 6.0.
  • ⁇ CD/Naproxen sodium Clathrate 1.1:1
  • ⁇ -cyclodextrin 147g, 1 lOmM
  • Naproxen sodium 25.2 g lOOmM
  • the product was sieved through a 250 ⁇ m screen, to yield 123g of BCD/naproxen clathrate, containing about 15.1% naproxen.
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150mls cold water (15°C) to give an effervescent, pleasant tasting, clear solution, which contained 200mg naproxen/ 150 ml of water at a pH of approximately 6.0.
  • Naproxen/ ⁇ CD clathrate for reconstitution with cold water Ingredients 2 and 3 were mixed together in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes and the resulting powder was filled into sachets, (target weight 5510mg), with each sachet containing the equivalent of 200mg naproxen.
  • Tri-sodium citrate 40.0g 3.
  • Citric acid (anhydrous) 2.0g
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 250ml of cold water (15°C) and stirred for 1 minute to give a non-effervescent, clear solution, which contained 200mg naproxen/ 150ml water at a pH of approximately 6.2.
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150mls cold water (15°C) to give an effervescent, pleasant tasting, clear solution, which contained 50mg ketoprofen/ 150 ml of water at a pH of approximately 6.0.
  • Example 14 Preparation of a ready made effervescent pharmaceutical composition containing ⁇ -cyclodextrin / naproxen clathrate (1.1:1)
  • Example 16 Preparation of a ready made effervescent pharmaceutical composition containing ⁇ -cyclodextrin / naproxen clathrate (0.9:1)
  • Example 17 Preparation of an effervescent pharmaceutical composition containing ⁇ - cyclodextrin / naproxen clathrate (1.1:1) without precomplexation
  • a Nurofen Soluble (trade mark) tablet containing ibuprofen (200mg) was added to 150ml of cold water. The tablet failed to completely dissolve, resulting in a white suspension.
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150ml cold water (16°C) to give a suspension in which some of the ibuprofen/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrate remained undissolved.
  • Ingredients 2 and 3 were seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen and mixed in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes. A small aliquot of water was added and the product was mixed for a further 5 minutes and then placed on stainless steel trays and dried for 2 hours at 60°C. The resulting granule was sieved through a 500 ⁇ m screen, mixed for 5 minutes with ingredients 1 and 4, and then filled into sachets, (target fill weight 2.62g) with each sachet containing the equivalent of 200mg naproxen.
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150ml cold water (16°C) to give a suspension in which some of the naproxen/ ⁇ -cyclodextrin clathrate remained undissolved.
  • Example 8 The granulation and blending process described in Example 8 was repeated, except that the naproxen ⁇ -cyclodextrin was replaced with an equimolal quantity of naproxen sodium (10.95g). The resulting powder was filled into sachets (target weight 5.219g), with each sachet containing naproxen. (200mg). The powder from one of the sachets was added to 150mls cold water (16°C) to give a suspension in which some of the drug remained undissolved.
  • Example 8 The granulation and blending process described in Example 8 was repeated, except that the ibuprofen ⁇ -cyclodextrin was replaced with an equimolal quantity of ibuprofen sodium (1 l.lg).
  • the resulting powder was filled into sachets (target weight 5.22 lg), with each sachet containing ibuprofen (200mg).
  • the powder from one of the sachets was added to 150ml cold water (16°C) to give a solution which initially had oily droplets floating on the surface. On standing, the droplets formed a white vitreous solid, containing undissolved ibuprofen.
  • Ibuprofen sodium ⁇ -cyclodextrin complex (1: 0.37) was prepared as described i GB 2,219,585 (Reckitt & Colman) Example 1. Ingredients 2 and 3 were seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen and mixed in a suitable mixer for 5 minutes. A small aliquot of water was added and the product was mixed for a further 5 minutes and then placed on stainless steel trays and dried for 2 hours at 60°C. The resulting granule was seived through a 500 ⁇ m screen, mixed for 5 minutes with ingredients 1 and 4 and then filled into sachets (target fill weight 5.6g) with each sachet containing the equivalent of 200mg ibuprofen.
  • sachets target fill weight 5.6g

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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EP94926129A 1993-08-10 1994-07-29 Pharmazeutische zusammensetzung enthaltend eine einschlusscomplex wirkstoff/beita-cyclodextrin kombiniert mit sauere-basen paar Withdrawn EP0720476A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9316580 1993-08-10
GB939316580A GB9316580D0 (en) 1993-08-10 1993-08-10 Pharmaceutical composition
PCT/EP1994/002515 WO1995004528A2 (en) 1993-08-10 1994-07-29 PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING A DRUG/β-CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEX IN COMBINATION WITH AN ACID-BASE COUPLE

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EP0720476A1 true EP0720476A1 (de) 1996-07-10

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EP (1) EP0720476A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH09501421A (de)
CN (1) CN1112180C (de)
AU (1) AU688789B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2169159C (de)
GB (1) GB9316580D0 (de)
TW (1) TW354256B (de)
WO (1) WO1995004528A2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA945930B (de)

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CN1112180C (zh) 2003-06-25
GB9316580D0 (en) 1993-09-29
WO1995004528A2 (en) 1995-02-16
CN1133006A (zh) 1996-10-09
ZA945930B (en) 1995-04-05
AU688789B2 (en) 1998-03-19
JPH09501421A (ja) 1997-02-10
WO1995004528A3 (en) 1995-03-16
AU7609994A (en) 1995-02-28
CA2169159C (en) 2005-01-25
CA2169159A1 (en) 1995-02-16
TW354256B (en) 1999-03-11

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