Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
  • C21B7/14—Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
  • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a permanent device for emptying channels of metallurgical apparatus. It also relates to the use of such a device.
• the present invention therefore relates to a permanent device for emptying channels of metallurgical apparatus essentially comprising:
• a main refractory block provided with a through cavity of substantially frustoconical shape and guide rails
• a refractory insert of substantially frustoconical shape provided over its entire length with an internal channel, if necessary partially or completely filled with a sealing mass, and intended to be inserted into the cavity formed within the block main and
• the device according to the invention ensures the continuous presence of prefabricated elements allowing the emptying of a channel of a metallurgical apparatus without resorting to external means of perforation.
• the main block is positioned and embedded in the refractory wall of the wall, the orifice the through cavity which has the smallest opening being directed towards the inside of the channel. This orifice will therefore be found, under operating conditions, in contact with the liquid flow.
• the insert is then introduced into the through cavity of the main block which it will marry directly or, if necessary, after having been coated externally with a refractory paste.
• the plate is then positioned so as to seal the insert and to ensure the rigidity of the assembly.
• the interior channel of the insert is filled with a sealing mass, refractory or not, if this has not yet been accomplished.
• the insert After draining, the insert can be removed and replaced.
• the assembly of the closure plate and the filling of the internal channel of the insert with a new closure mass are then carried out as indicated above.
• the invention also relates to such a use.
• Figure 1 is a partial schematic representation of the mother channel or main channel of a blast furnace, chosen simply by way of example, seen from above, the last wall of which is fitted in the zone of maximum flow and at the level the lowest of a device according to the invention.
• Figure 2 is a front view of the end of the mother channel, equipped with a device according to the invention, the closure plate has been removed.
• Figure 3 is a section along AA of a device according to the invention whose cover plate has been removed.
• Figure 4 is an exploded perspective of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
• Figure S is a partial schematic top view, in section, of another embodiment of a device according to the invention, the insert and the closure plate have been removed.
• Figure 6 is a partial schematic section along BB of this other embodiment.
• the direction of the blast furnace is indicated by an arrow F.
• the liquid and high temperature product flowing from the blast furnace into the mother channel (1) separates into two liquid streams, a slag stream evacuated by the channel (2) and a flow of cast iron evacuated by the channel (4), after having encountered a dam or siphon (3) on its path.
• the device (6) according to the invention is installed in the lower zone (S) of the mother channel.
• Figure 2 is shown the end of the mother channel, equipped with a device (6) according to the invention which has been removed the closure plate.
• the bottom (7) of the mother channel comes flush with the lower part of the channel passing through the insert.
• FIG 4 a device according to the invention which comprises a main refractory block (10), a refractory insert (20) and a closure plate (30).
• the main block (10), which can be of any shape, is advantageously of substantially cylindrical shape (not shown) or parallelepiped. Within it is a through cavity of substantially frustoconical shape (11).
• This cavity opens onto two opposite faces of the main block, called by convention, respectively, rear face and internal front face of the main block; the orifice (12) located on the rear face in question has an opening of dimensions smaller than those of the orifice (13) located on the internal front face (14).
• the shape and dimensions of the cavity (11) are adapted to those of the insert (20) that said cavity is intended to accommodate.
• the through cavity (11) has an axis of symmetry which is perpendicular to the rear face of the main block (10).
• each reservation can be continuous or discontinuous.
• the main block has a substantially parallelepiped shape; each of the two lateral faces substantially parallel to each other and substantially orthogonal to the internal front face (14) of said main block is advantageously provided with at least one reservation, respectively (17a) and (17b).
• These reservations are preferably on the one hand parallel to the stop of the dihedral formed by the rear face of the main block and each of the faces carrying them and on the other hand located opposite. According to an advantageous variant, they together form a single reservation extending on each of the two faces concerned and on the face (18) forming the base of the main block (10).
• the lower part or base (18) of the main block (10) may also include, in the immediate vicinity of the internal front face (14) of said main block and in the zone delimited by the external front face (16) and by each of the two parts or lateral faces of the block in question, a recess (19) or in each of the two zones further delimited by the T-shaped recess which extends over the entire height of said external front face, a step, respectively (19a) and (19b), the step being directed towards the upper part or face of said block.
• the refractory insert (20) of substantially frustoconical shape is provided over its entire length with an internal channel (21).
• the shape and dimensions of the insert are adapted to those of the through cavity (11) formed in the main block (10) - 6 - intended to receive it, if necessary after having coated the outside with a refractory paste.
• the insert (20) and the channel (21) are coaxial and, preferably, the channel (21) has a substantially frustoconical shape, the smallest opening of which opens onto the smallest end (22). of the insert in question.
• each of the two ends of the insert (20) is planar and perpendicular to the axis of symmetry thereof.
• the insert (20) if necessary partially or completely pre-closed, will be introduced into the through cavity (11) through its end (22) whose orifice has the smallest opening diameter.
• At the periphery of the insert (20) can be formed a relief which preserves a projecting part (24) forming a crown near the end (23) of said insert which has the largest opening diameter. Such a draft facilitates the removal of the insert.
• the opening dimensions of the insert (20) and of the through cavity (11) of the main block adapted as indicated above to each other, are also adapted to the dimension of the channel that these elements will be required to equip. ; the minimum dimension of the orifice directed towards the liquid flow will above all be dictated by the concern to avoid any risk of blockage of the channel by freezing of the metal in question at low temperature at the end of a production campaign; the maximum size of the orifices will above all be dictated by the degree of control of the flow of liquid metal desired.
• the closure plate (30) has an appropriate shape and dimensions so that it can be inserted from the top and descend by gravity into the guide slides (15a) and (15b) formed on the main block.
• this plate of substantially parallelepiped shape has a thickness compatible with the expected mechanical strength.
• the plate in question may include cut sides (31a) and (31b) formed respectively in the lower part of each of its sides and / or a loop (32) whose base is provided a rod embedded in the upper part of said plate.
• the main block (10) can also be produced in at least two parts, the shape and the respective dimensions of which are adapted to one another.
• the front part (40) which can be made of a material similar to or distinct from that constituting the rear part (41), surrounds the slides (15a) and (15b). This part (40) can extend over the entire height of the main block. It can also be extended to constitute the external front face (16) of said block and / or a section of said block.
• the part (40) has on its rear face (42) at least one pair of projections forming a projection (43a) and (43b), advantageously arranged on either side of the plane of symmetry of the main block passing through the axis of symmetry of the through cavity (11), and fitting into the corresponding recesses formed on the anterior face of the part (41).
• At least part of the essential components of the device according to the invention must be made of one or more refractory materials.
• the device in question will be subjected during its use not only to high temperatures but to various factors known to those skilled in the art (including the nature of the hot liquid flowing in the channel to be fitted) which will intervene to dictate the precise choice of refractory materials likely to be retained.
• the main block (10) is advantageously made for all or part of a refractory material similar or identical to that constituting the masonry which will surround it in the channel to be fitted and more particularly to that of the materials constituting the wear layer of the channel in question.
• the front part (40) can be made of a refractory material, ceramic or metal such as steel or cast iron.
• the refractory insert (20) will, in operating condition, be subjected to significant hot erosion. It is recommended to take this additional constraint into account when choosing the constituent material.
• the plate (30) must have very good mechanical strength and the material constituting it must be provided with a connection system compatible with that of the material constituting the main block (10) so that that these two elements of the device according to the invention play in substantially the same way during the rise in temperature to reach the operating temperature.
• Each of the essential components of the device according to the invention can advantageously be produced by molding of suitable refractory compositions.
• refractory materials capable of being suitable for the production of the essential constituents of the device in question, there may be mentioned: lime, alumina, carbon, silicon carbide, zircon, silica, magnesia, spinel, chromium and mixtures of two or more of these constituents.
• This paste will advantageously have a composition close to that of the fresh material used for molding the insert in question.
• the use of the device according to the invention requires an operation of plugging the internal channel (21) of the insert with a sealing mass. This can be done at any time, including immediately after manufacturing the insert in question. For this purpose, it is possible to use any filling mass based on metal, ceramic or refractory.
• the use of a device according to the invention also allows a significant improvement in the quality of the emptying of the channel which it equips by eliminating at least partially catching of the metal on the bottom of said channel. As the use of a drill bit is no longer necessary, there are no longer any cracks caused by vibrations of the drill bit on the walls of the channel surrounding the liquid metal discharge hole.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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• 1994
  • 1994-06-17 FR FR9407686A patent/FR2721325B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1995
  • 1995-06-16 EP EP95923398A patent/EP0721559A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-06-16 AU AU27967/95A patent/AU2796795A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-06-16 WO PCT/FR1995/000797 patent/WO1995035473A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1995-06-16 JP JP8501748A patent/JPH09502013A/ja active Pending
• 1996
  • 1996-02-15 KR KR1019960700774A patent/KR960704207A/ko not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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