EP1222653B1 - Breitbandiger unterwasser-schallwandler - Google Patents

Breitbandiger unterwasser-schallwandler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1222653B1
EP1222653B1 EP00967997A EP00967997A EP1222653B1 EP 1222653 B1 EP1222653 B1 EP 1222653B1 EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 00967997 A EP00967997 A EP 00967997A EP 1222653 B1 EP1222653 B1 EP 1222653B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
cap
transducer
transducer according
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00967997A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1222653A1 (de
Inventor
Yves Thomson-CSF Propriété Intellect. LAGIER
Vito Thomson-CSF Propriété Intellectuelle SUPPA
Gérard Thomson-CSF Propriété Intellectuelle ROUX
Gilles Thomson-CSF Propriété Intellect. LUBRANO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales Underwater Systems SAS
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Thales Underwater Systems SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales Underwater Systems SAS filed Critical Thales Underwater Systems SAS
Publication of EP1222653A1 publication Critical patent/EP1222653A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1222653B1 publication Critical patent/EP1222653B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
    • G10K9/20—Sounding members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to acoustic transducers broadband submarines which are basically used as acoustic signal transmitters in the active sonar of buildings in area. However, these transducers can also be used as receivers, as well as in submarine sonar.
  • transmitter transducers are type says “tonpilz”. These transducers use a transmitter horn which is excited by a ceramic pillar which rests on a counter mass.
  • the invention proposes a wideband underwater acoustic transducer, comprising at least a piezoelectric plate operating in flexion, mainly characterized in that it further comprises a cylindrical cover closed at one end by a base plate and open at the other end to form a first cavity; the piezoelectric plate being fixed on the outside face of the plate base and the first hood cavity being open freely towards the middle outside in which the hood is immersed.
  • the cross section of the cover is circular.
  • the cross section of the cover is elliptical.
  • the first cavity is filled at least partially by an adaptation material whose characteristics are different from those of the external environment in which the transducer is immersed.
  • it further comprises a body comprising a second interior cavity closed by the cover so as to be isolated from the outside environment with the piezoelectric blade enclosed in the second interior cavity and the first cavity being turned outward.
  • it comprises two sets cover / piezoelectric blade fixed head to tail.
  • the cover forms the front face of a transducer of known type "tonpilz".
  • the device according to the invention shown in longitudinal section in Figure 1 presents a structure which we can easily see that it is in complete break with the technology currently used, which is based on the "tonpilz" structure mentioned above.
  • This device comprises as active element a plate of ceramic 101, which is preferably unique and which includes classic a pair of electrodes 102 and 103 each fixed on one of main faces of this plate. Preferably these electrodes are consisting of silvering by deposit. These electrodes are connected by wire 104 to an amplifier which delivers an excitation signal at the frequency desired. Given the structure of the device, it would be entirely possible to limit these supply wires to a single wire connected to the electrode 103 which is isolated. The other electrode, which is connected to the ground of the device, would then powered through this mass.
  • the electrode 102 is fixed on the flat underside of a part 105 in the shape of a cylinder closed at its base and open at its end higher. We will call this part "hood”.
  • the vibrations of the ceramic plate 101 are transmitted to the hood, the structure of which vibrates according to two modes of resonance key.
  • the critical couplings of these two modes of resonance then make it possible to obtain a large bandwidth, corresponding to about 60% of the center frequency.
  • the first mode of resonance is the natural mode of bending of the underside of the cover under the action of ceramic working in mode 3.1.
  • the second mode comes from the action of the fluid filling the cavity inner 106 formed by the cover which is directly immersed in the middle outside, sea water in general. Indeed in this cavity the speed of sound waves is lower than in free space because the walls of the hood are not infinitely rigid. We then obtain a resonance mode corresponding to a ⁇ / 4 blade. The more the rigidity of the walls increases, the more the high frequency increases. The higher the height of the walls, the more low frequency decreases.
  • the invention also provides that the lower wall 107 of the cover has a central excess thickness such that the cross section of this blade corresponds to the shape of a beam of equal resistance.
  • the constraints applied by the pressure of the external fluid on the ceramic blade 101 via from the bottom 107 of the hood are uniformly distributed over this blade, which prevents it from bending under the action of this pressure and therefore eliminates the risk of the ceramic blade breaking under the effect of pressure.
  • This shape increases the radiation area by a factor of 2 in the fluid. All in all, the ceramic is held better, better mechanical and acoustic performance and a lower threshold cavitation compared to a standard bending transducer.
  • the transducer is completed by a body, or "tape", 107 which has the shape of a cylinder concentric with the cover 105 and which has at its upper part a cavity 108 into which the cover is inserted.
  • This cover is fixed by its lateral face external to the body by welding, for example at the upper end of this body.
  • This attachment 109 is oversized at the interior of the cavity 108 so as to provide a free space 110 between the internal wall of the cavity 108 and the external wall of the cover 105, to avoid disturb the vibrational regime.
  • the power cables 104 come out of the body by an axial channel 111 which opens on one side into the cavity 108 and on the other hand to the lower surface of the body.
  • This axial channel is blocked by means not shown, a screw cap for example, which allow both the connection of the wires 104 and the closure sealing the cavity 108/111. In this way, this cavity remains filled of air without the external water entering it, which allows the blade to ceramic 101 to vibrate and also short circuit the electrodes 101.
  • FIG. 2 is shown.
  • an emission sensitivity curve for such a transducer whose cover 105 has an outside diameter of 115 millimeters with a thickness side walls of 4 millimeters, and a total height of 46 millimeters with a central thickness of the underside of the cover equal to 14 millimeters.
  • this curve the widening of the band frequency.
  • this frequency band is shifted towards the bass frequencies for a dimensioning which would correspond for a classic "tonpilz" type transducer at an emission frequency significantly higher.
  • the invention also proposes to carry out the cover 105 in the form of a cylinder with an elliptical cross section instead of circular. This then gives two distinct resonances at the level of the cavity 106, in addition to the resonance of the ceramic plate 101. From this way the bandwidth is further increased.
  • cover 105 / blade assembly ceramic 101 by itself, without adding the body 107, but while ensuring insulation of the electrodes 102 and 103 by an appropriate coating, a waterproof paint layer for example.
  • This transducer which is then type known without the Anglo-Saxon expression "free flooded”, can be used without any immersion limit but with a lower yield, however due to the action of water on the back of the ceramic.
  • height of the cavity will advantageously be chosen to be equal to the half the central wavelength of the transducer, in order to obtain a good adaptation by rephasing between the waves emitted at the front and those which in this case are emitted at the rear.
  • the invention also proposes, as a variant, to fill the cavity cover 105, possibly over a height which is not equal to that of the cover, with an adaptation material whose characteristics acoustics, especially the speed of sound propagation, are different of those of water. This allows to modify the response curve, by example to make it flatter or to widen it even more.
  • FIG. 3 Another variant, represented in FIG. 3, consists in using two hood / ceramic assemblies, one 105/101 and the other 205/201, fixed head to tail on a cover 117 having the shape of a cylinder open from both sides.
  • the connection wires 114 to the two ceramic blades then exit by a connector 211 fixed to the side wall of the body 117.
  • Such a arrangement makes it possible to obtain a transducer having a radiation of dipolar type, characterized by significant rejection along its axis longitudinal.
  • an extension of the invention consists in fitting out the pavilion emission of a known transducer of the "tonpilz” type, so that it takes the form of the cover 105.
  • this advantage comes at the cost of increased footprint and return known problems of tightness of the "tonpilz” system since it is then necessary to maintain the freedom of movement of the flag of the "tonpilz" by relation to the body of it.
  • the invention allows, compared to the technology used currently, to simultaneously obtain a widening of the band frequency transmitted, an offset of this band towards low frequencies without modifying the size of the device, an improvement in sealing the front panel, and reducing the cost of the device by decrease in the number of parts used to make it.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Breitbandiger akustischer Unterwassertransduktor, der mindestens ein auf Biegung beanspruchtes piezoelektrisches Plättchen (101) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er außerdem einen zylindrischen Becher (105) enthält, der an einem Ende durch eine Bodenplatte (107) verschlossen und am anderen Ende offen ist, um einen ersten Hohlraum (106) zu bilden, und daß das piezoelektrische Plättchen (101) an der Außenseite der Bodenplatte befestigt ist und der erste Hohlraum (106) des Bechers frei nach außen in das Milieu mündet, in das der Becher getaucht ist.
  2. Transduktor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Bechers (105) kreisförmig ist.
  3. Transduktor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Bechers (105) elliptisch ist.
  4. Transduktor nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Hohlraum (106) zumindest teilweise mit einem Anpassungsmaterial gefüllt ist, dessen akustische Merkmale sich von denen des äußeren Milieus unterscheiden, in das der Transduktor eingetaucht ist.
  5. Transduktor nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er außerdem einen Körper (112) aufweist, der einen zweiten, inneren Hohlraum (108) aufweist, welcher durch den Becher (105) so verschlossen wird, daß er gegen das Umgebungsmilieu isoliert ist, wobei das piezoelektrische Plättchen (101) in diesen inneren zweiten Hohlraum (108) eingeschlossen ist und der erste Hohlraum (106) nach außen gerichtet ist.
  6. Transduktor nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er zwei Einheiten aus je einem Becher (105, 205) und einem piezoelektrischen Plättchen (101, 201) enthält, die einander entgegengesetzt miteinander verbunden sind.
  7. Transduktor nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Becher (105) die Vorderseite eines Transduktors vom bekannten "Tonpilz"-Typ bildet.
EP00967997A 1999-10-22 2000-10-10 Breitbandiger unterwasser-schallwandler Expired - Lifetime EP1222653B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9913215A FR2800229B1 (fr) 1999-10-22 1999-10-22 Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande
FR9913215 1999-10-22
PCT/FR2000/002815 WO2001029820A1 (fr) 1999-10-22 2000-10-10 Transducteur acoustique sous-marin a large bande

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1222653A1 EP1222653A1 (de) 2002-07-17
EP1222653B1 true EP1222653B1 (de) 2003-09-17

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00967997A Expired - Lifetime EP1222653B1 (de) 1999-10-22 2000-10-10 Breitbandiger unterwasser-schallwandler

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6617765B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1222653B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60005382T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2800229B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001029820A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60005382D1 (de) 2003-10-23
FR2800229A1 (fr) 2001-04-27
DE60005382T2 (de) 2004-07-08
EP1222653A1 (de) 2002-07-17
WO2001029820A1 (fr) 2001-04-26
US6617765B1 (en) 2003-09-09
FR2800229B1 (fr) 2002-04-05

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