EP0740844B1 - Interrupteur a plusieurs etages - Google Patents

Interrupteur a plusieurs etages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0740844B1
EP0740844B1 EP95906250A EP95906250A EP0740844B1 EP 0740844 B1 EP0740844 B1 EP 0740844B1 EP 95906250 A EP95906250 A EP 95906250A EP 95906250 A EP95906250 A EP 95906250A EP 0740844 B1 EP0740844 B1 EP 0740844B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
members
stage switch
circuit board
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95906250A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0740844A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Bredow
Thomas Burchard
Thomas Haug
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NBB Nachrichtentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
NBB Nachrichtentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NBB Nachrichtentechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical NBB Nachrichtentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0740844A1 publication Critical patent/EP0740844A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0740844B1 publication Critical patent/EP0740844B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
    • H01H25/04—Operating part movable angularly in more than one plane, e.g. joystick
    • H01H25/041—Operating part movable angularly in more than one plane, e.g. joystick having a generally flat operating member depressible at different locations to operate different controls
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00—Actuators
    • H01H2221/008—Actuators other then push button
    • H01H2221/016—Lever; Rocker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/018—Consecutive operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H23/00—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button
    • H01H23/003—Tumbler or rocker switches, i.e. switches characterised by being operated by rocking an operating member in the form of a rocker button with more than one electrically distinguishable condition in one or both positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-stage switch with a common actuating element and at least two switching elements for making contacts, the application of which, with increasing force, leads to a successive actuation of the switching elements, the switching elements being arranged on contact plates of the same height, which they bridge in their switched state, with Actuating directions lying perpendicular to this switching plate, the actuating element being arranged movably above the switching elements in such a way that its actuating area lies between the switching elements, and with a plastic membrane which cooperates with the actuating element for transmitting power from an operating part to the switching elements.
  • a generic multi-stage switch is known from DE A 33 00 186 ( Figure 4).
  • the switching elements are contact pills, which are held at different heights above their associated contact elements on a plastic membrane as a "switching mat", each of which is dome-shaped above the contact elements and carries the contact pills at different heights on projections pointing downwards.
  • This "switch mat” and the contact pills attached to it are actuated via a pressure plate 45 which acts on the dome or dome-like upper sides of the sections of the switch mat.
  • the pressure plate is connected on its upper side to an operating part in the form of a button which is guided laterally in a "cage" 22, so that it is ensured that the pressure plate always remains parallel to the circuit board even when it is actuated, tilting is excluded.
  • the function of this switch is therefore based on the height offset of the contact pills on the plastic membrane.
  • the reliable function of the multiple switch thus depends crucially on the complex shape of the switch mat, combined with very long switching paths and a relatively high-profile housing for guiding the pressure plate.
  • This may not be a problem in the preferred area of application of the solution according to the previously known publication (keypad blocks for telephone subscriber stations), with increasing miniaturization and other areas of application of such multistage switches, reliable function should no longer be guaranteed, in particular because of the complex construction of the so-called switch mat described above.
  • the difficulties mentioned should at least considerably complicate the manufacture of multistage switches with more than two switching elements.
  • An input switch is known from US Pat. No. 4,096,935 (FIGS. 4, 14, 15), in which one part of the contact of several switches is formed by a common, electrically conductive plate 28, which is domed upwards in relation to its assigned counter contact and above it.
  • a common operating element 48 By means of a common operating element 48, a switching force is directed via a tiltable plate 44 to these dome-like elevations in such a way that they successively jump around and thus one contact is closed one after the other.
  • This construction serves as an operating element (forward space key 22), and also long switching paths are provided here with a considerable tilt angle of the actuating disc, and a device for positioning the actuating element 44 on the vertices of the dome-like bulges of the common conductor element 28 is not provided or is not recognizable. This limits the reliability of this element.
  • DE-U-85 29 136 shows a pushbutton switch device in which a tongue-like actuating element 9 is arranged above contacts to be closed, which in turn can be actuated by a switching knob 3 of a rubber-elastic switching mat 2.
  • the successive loading of the two contacts is brought about by different heights of the insert 9.
  • the insert is complex.
  • the underside of the switching knob is provided with vertically offset button parts 23 and 24, so that when this switching knob is actuated vertically, the switching contact shown on the left in FIG. 4 is actuated in front of the right one, provided that the force is applied vertically from above and not sideways.
  • the basic principle of the functional principle of this simplified exemplary embodiment corresponds approximately to the generic solution and consequently builds on the fact that the predetermined height difference of actuating surfaces or actuating contacts is reliably retained during the switching movement, a prerequisite which can only be met to a limited extent.
  • EP A 0 516 544 shows a switch as it is used, for example, in the automotive sector.
  • An essential component is in turn a tiltable or pivotable actuating element 11, which acts on a plate 25 with a plurality of switching contacts.
  • the first switching stage is achieved by pivoting the actuating element 11, the second switching stage by a lateral displacement, which causes a special structure of the switching elements 23 and a complex mechanism of the entire switch.
  • EP A 0 347 904 shows a multiple pressure switch in which a membrane is used as an external control element, which acts on mandrels 42 and 44 on a support plate 22, which in turn can then actuate three contacts by successively tilting. Long switching distances, large dimensions and mechanically complex design also characterize this version.
  • a 32 28 241 shows a multiple switch in which two or three switch contacts are to be actuated simultaneously with a common actuating unit, for which purpose in particular a "pressure distributor" is provided which is intended to ensure this simultaneous (parallel) actuation of the switch contacts. A successive switching is not provided with this key device and is also not possible.
  • GB A 1 165 459 shows a switching unit in which a large number of mechanical switches are successively shifted with the aid of a swashplate-like actuating plate 14, the switching path of the operating element (button 13) at least corresponding to the switching path of the switches 3, 4.
  • the reliability of the operation of this device depends crucially on how precise the mechanical pretension of the individual pressure switches can be adjusted, which must be provided with complex additional devices for this purpose (FIG. 2).
  • the basic idea of the invention thus consists on the one hand in the use of a (generally known) rocker switch as an actuating element, with the possibility of a variable, relative height positioning of the switching elements during the switching process.
  • the switching characteristic of the individual switching elements is independent of the movement behavior of the actuating element (in contrast to the subject of the generic device) and can thus be set extremely easily and reliably by an appropriate choice ("hard” or “soft”), thereby a reliable definition of Switching time is also possible with several switching elements, namely when the triggering force of the respective switching element is reached or exceeded by the component of the switching force acting on this switching element.
  • the other component of the solution according to the invention consists in precisely defining and limiting the switching paths, for which purpose the switching channels are provided.
  • the first switching elements 20 and 30 show the three switching states of a multi-stage switch formed from two switching elements 20 and 30 when the principles according to the invention are applied.
  • the two switching elements 20, 30 are located on a circuit board 70, for example the circuit board, with conductor tracks which are to be connected to one another at the switching points provided.
  • the switching elements 20, 30 are preferably designed as disc springs ("crack frogs").
  • the two switching elements 20, 30 are switched by triggering forces exerted perpendicular to the switching plate 70, the actuation directions A and B of the two switching elements 20 and 30 consequently run through these switching elements and perpendicular to the switching plate 70.
  • Both switching elements 20, 30 are bridged by an actuating element 10, to which the actuating force F acts from the outside.
  • this actuating element 10 can be referred to as a "rocker switch”.
  • the switching path S caused by the action of the switching force F, also runs perpendicular to the switching plate 70.
  • the switching path S lies between the actuation directions A and B of the two switching elements 20, 30.
  • the external conditions are predetermined so that the switching path S lies in the middle between the actuation directions A, B, so that the switching force F is consequently divided into two identical components F / 2, each of which is based on the two switching elements 20, 30 acts.
  • the switching force F is still relatively low, so that the two components F / 2, which act on the switching elements 20, 30, both below the triggering force FA1 of the switching element 20 and below the triggering force FA2 of the switch 30 lie.
  • the switching force F is therefore insufficient to carry out the first switching operation.
  • FIG. 1C thus shows the second stage of the switching process.
  • the successive switching of the switching elements 20, 30 is accordingly achieved by a different switching or response characteristic of these two switching elements, with the same switching force component of F / 2. It is immediately apparent that the same effect can also be achieved, for example by shifting the switching direction S of the actuating force F towards one of the switching elements 20, 30; In such a case, switching elements with the same switching characteristic could then also be used, since the different switching time would then be defined by the different values of the force components acting on the individual switching elements.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a multi-stage switch that works according to the principle shown in Figure 1, in which the successive switching of the switching elements is realized by their different response characteristics, so that only the construction of this embodiment will be explained below:
  • the actuating element 10 is formed by a pressure plate 11, on the central region (in the vicinity of the switching direction S) an attachment 12 is applied, which protrudes through an opening 13A of a stationary cover 13 and represents the operator area for the user for the multi-stage switch. It must be ensured that the width of the attachment 12 is so matched to the switching characteristics of the switching elements 20, 30 (for example, diaphragm springs) that even when a force is applied to the edge of the attachment 12 with the consequent change in the force components due to the act both switching elements, the chronological sequence of the two switching operations is still guaranteed.
  • the stationary cover 13 is usually the housing cover of the electrical device in question, in which the two-stage switching process is to be carried out.
  • a plastic membrane 50 is applied, which serves both to guide the pressure plate 11 and as a restoring element and which is held for this purpose in the side walls of the housing 60 of the electrical device (in this respect, the illustration in FIG. 2 is not true to scale).
  • hemispherical formations 50A, 50B are formed, the underside of which then serves to act on the switching elements 20, 30.
  • these switching channels are tapered downwards (frustoconical), so that a safe centering and precise determination of the switching time is facilitated.
  • the two contact elements 71, 72 for example conductor tracks on the printed circuit board 70 designed as a printed circuit board, are thus bridged, then the contact elements 73, 74 by the other switching element 30.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of a multi-stage switch, which also works according to the principle shown in Figure 1, but the successive switching of the switching elements is generated by a corresponding shape of the underside of the pressure plate, such that different "deep" formings are provided which act on the switching elements one after the other.
  • the common pressure plate 11 In the second exemplary embodiment, three switching elements are arranged next to one another (FIG. 4), which are covered by the common pressure plate 11 '.
  • the switching elements 20 ', 30', 40 ' are also located on a common switching plate 70', as in the first exemplary embodiment described above.
  • the pressure plate 11 is also actuated via an attachment 12 ', which acts on the pressure plate 11' in its center (axis S) via a membrane 50 ', which also serves as a restoring element.
  • the pressure plate 11 'and membrane 50' are therefore reversed in their height order compared to the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the switching plate 11 ' has on its underside three truncated cone-like shapes 11'a, 11'b, 11'c, which are located centrally above the switching elements 20', 30 ', 40'.
  • the switching elements 20 ', 30' and 40 'used in the second exemplary embodiment shown are metal snap disks with a hysteresis switching behavior (also referred to as' cracking frogs').
  • the pressure plate 11 ' In its central region (in the axis S), the pressure plate 11 'has a downward-pointing, cylindrical pin 11'd, which defines the maximum deflection of the pressure plate 11' downward, so that the switching plate 70 'serves here as a "stop" for this tenon 11'd. It goes without saying that the effect of this stop can only occur when the two tilting movements about the two pivot axes and the successive actuation of the contact elements have taken place.
  • two multi-stage switches according to FIGS. 3 and 4 are arranged next to one another and are actuated via a common attachment 12 and a common plastic membrane 50 ".
  • Six switching elements 20 ... 40" are provided, which are actuated via two pressure plates 11 ', 11' 'and switch through or bridge the contact elements underneath. Accordingly, there are two actuation areas S1, S2, which can alternatively be selected (for example by corresponding graphic identification on the top of the attachment 12).

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages ayant un élément de manoeuvre commun et au moins deux éléments de connexion pour l'établissement de contact qui, soumis à une force croissante, sont manoeuvrés successivement, ces éléments de connexion (20, 30) étant montés au-dessus d'éléments de contact de même hauteur (71 à 74) sur une plaque de connexion (70, 70', 70") et, à l'état connecté, reliant ceux-ci, avec des directions de manoeuvre (A, B, C) perpendiculaires à cette plaque de connexion, l'élément de manoeuvre étant monté mobile au-dessus des éléments de connexion de façon telle que sa zone de manoeuvre soit située entre ces éléments, et comportant une membrane en plastique coopérant avec l'élément de manoeuvre pour la transmission de force d'un élément de commande (12) aux éléments de connexion,
    caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de connexion (20, ..., 40") sont placés les uns à côté des autres sur la plaque commune de connexion (70, 70', 70"), que leur caractéristique de réponse et/ou la forme de l'élément de manoeuvre est ou sont fixée(s) de façon que pour la manoeuvre successive des éléments de connexion (20, 30) ait lieu un basculement de l'élément de manoeuvre autour d'au moins un axe sensiblement parallèle à la plaque de connexion, et que sur la plaque de connexion (70, 70') sont montés des éléments d'espacement (80, 81, 82, 80') qui dépassent les éléments de connexion (20, 30) et forment au moins un canal de connexion (K1, K2, K') dans lequel la membrane en plastique (50, 50') s'enfonce guidée latéralement par les côtés intérieurs du canal de connexion (K1, K2, K') pour agir sur les éléments de connexion (20, 30) ou sur l'élément de manoeuvre de ceux-ci.
  2. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon la revendication 1 comportant une plaque de pression (11, 11') comme élément de manoeuvre, caractérisé par le fait que la membrane en plastique (50) est placée entre cette plaque de pression (11) et les éléments d'espacement (80, 81, 82) et que sa face inférieure est faite de façon à s'enfoncer dans les canaux de connexion (K1, K2) pour la manoeuvre successive des éléments de connexion (20, 30).
  3. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la face inférieure de la membrane en plastique (50) présente des protubérances du genre hémisphère (50a, 50b) qui entrent dans les canaux de connexion (K1, K2) des éléments d'espacement (80, 81, 82).
  4. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la membrane en plastique (50) est placée au-dessus de la plaque de pression (11') et présente une protubérance centrale du genre tronc de cône qui agit sur la plaque de pression (11') et est pour cela guidée dans le canal de connexion (K').
  5. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications 2 et 4, caractérisé par le fait que la section des canaux de connexion (K1, K2, K'), pour le centrage de la membrane en plastique (50, 50'), diminue en direction de la plaque de connexion (70, 70').
  6. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les côtés intérieurs des canaux de connexion (K1, K2) sont du genre tronconique.
  7. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de contact (71, 74) sont des chemins conducteurs situés sur une carte imprimée (70).
  8. Interrupteur à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de connexion (20, ..., 40") sont des rondelles Belleville ou des rondelles à déclic métalliques.
EP95906250A 1994-01-19 1995-01-17 Interrupteur a plusieurs etages Expired - Lifetime EP0740844B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4401314 1994-01-19
DE4401314A DE4401314C2 (de) 1994-01-19 1994-01-19 Mehrstufenschalter
PCT/DE1995/000068 WO1995020232A1 (fr) 1994-01-19 1995-01-17 Interrupteur a plusieurs etages

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0740844A1 EP0740844A1 (fr) 1996-11-06
EP0740844B1 true EP0740844B1 (fr) 1997-09-03

Family

ID=6508159

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95906250A Expired - Lifetime EP0740844B1 (fr) 1994-01-19 1995-01-17 Interrupteur a plusieurs etages

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5796056A (fr)
EP (1) EP0740844B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR970700925A (fr)
AT (1) ATE157809T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU693150B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4401314C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995020232A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0740844A1 (fr) 1996-11-06
DE4401314C2 (de) 1998-01-22
AU1452595A (en) 1995-08-08
DE4401314A1 (de) 1995-07-20
US5796056A (en) 1998-08-18
DE59500608D1 (de) 1997-10-09
WO1995020232A1 (fr) 1995-07-27
ATE157809T1 (de) 1997-09-15
KR970700925A (ko) 1997-02-12
AU693150B2 (en) 1998-06-25

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